United States Steel Corp. v. Simon

305 A.2d 913, 9 Pa. Commw. 281, 1973 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 619
CourtCommonwealth Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedJune 19, 1973
DocketAppeal, No. 980 C.D. 1972
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 305 A.2d 913 (United States Steel Corp. v. Simon) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States Steel Corp. v. Simon, 305 A.2d 913, 9 Pa. Commw. 281, 1973 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 619 (Pa. Ct. App. 1973).

Opinion

Opinion by

Judge Kramer,

This is an appeal by United States Steel Corporation (USS) from an adjudication of the Workmen’s Compensation Appeal Board (Board) dated September 28, 1972, dismissing USS’s appeal from the referee’s award of compensation to James Simon (Simon). The Board took no additional evidence or testimony and affirmed the findings of fact and conclusions of law and order of the referee.

Simon was employed by the Cyclone Fence Division of USS for approximately 20 years. His job entailed the installation and erection of fences. Initially, it is of some import to note that Simon suffered a prior injury in July of 1956, which is peripherally involved in this case. Simon’s prior injury was to his right hand, neuroma developed, and Simon wore a cast to protect the hypersensitive area. In an attempt to alleviate the pain caused by the neuroma, Simon had undergone surgery in the nature of a sympathectomy. This operation was performed in the area of the right upper back. The doctor authorized Simon to return to “light work” so as to favor his injured hand, and USS was fully aware of this fact.

On October 6, 1967, Simon was helping to set fence posts. These posts were heavy steel poles 30 feet in length and four inches in diameter. The work was being done by three men. They would place one end of the pipe in a hole and then walk the pole forward. Since Simon was the tallest of the three men, he was the last man in line. As they moved toward the hole, the men would lift the post into place. During this process, the pole had a tendency to sway. Simon alleges that while erecting one of these poles, the pole swayed and he twisted his back, resulting in severe pain. Although be continued to be in pain, Simon finished the work day. October 6th was a Friday, and Simon returned to work on Monday, October 9th. On Monday, he was helping [284]*284to erect scaffolding. While climbing with a section of scaffold, he severely twisted his back and once again injured the same. Simon went to Ms family physician and Avas eventually referred to Dr. Day, an orthopedic surgeon. Dr. Day determined that surgery was required, and he performed a lumbar laminectomy and removed discs at two areas, which had no relation to the prior injury.

Several days of hearings were held, and on February 23, 1971, the referee found for Simon. USS appealed to the Board and as aforementioned, the Board affirmed the referee’s findings, conclusions and order. Hence, this appeal by USS.

Our scope of review in Workmen’s Compensation cases, when the claimant has been Adctorious below, is limited to questions of law and a determination as to whether there is substantial evidence to support the findings and conclusions of the Board. See Nash v. Sandnes’ Sons, Inc., 6 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 403, 295 A. 2d 615 (1972); Bambrick v. Asten Hill Manufacturing Company, 5 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 664, 291 A. 2d 354 (1972). It is for the fact finder and not the appellate court to determine questions of credibility and the weight to be given evidence, and the party victorious below is to be given the benefit of the most favorable inference deducible from the evidence. Sabatini v. Affiliated Food Distributors, Inc., 6 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 470, 295 A. 2d 845 (1972); Nash v. Sandnes' Sons, Inc., supra.

USS presents three questions on appeal: (1) whether the incidents of October 6 and October 9, 1967, Avere accidents within the meaning of the Pennsylvania Workmen’s Compensation Act, Act of June 2, 1915, P. L. 736, as amended, 77 P.S. §1 et seq.; (2) that Simon had failed to establish the proper causal relationship between the incident in question, the disability claimed, and the treatment rendered; and (3) that Simon failed [285]*285to give timely notice, as required under Section 311 of the Workmen’s Compensation Act, 77 P.S. §631. There is no question that Simon is permanently disabled.

USS’s first question centers on whether Simon had experienced an accident within the “unusual pathological result doctrine.” In order to be entitled to compensation under this doctrine, certain criteria must be met. In Hinkle v. H. J. Heinz Company, 7 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 216, 298 A. 2d 632 (1972), we stated four common elements which are found within an “accident,” defined within the doctrine. “They are: (1) the ordinary and usual nature of the work or act being performed by the employee . . .; (2) the unexpected nature of the event or occurrence resulting from such work or act . . .; (3) a definable event, or series of events, causing the sudden onset of the unexpected pathological result . . .; and (4) physical injury or physical change of bone or bodily tissue. . . .” (Citations omitted.) 7 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. at 223, 298 A.2d at 635-636.

Initially, we note Simon’s uncontradicted testimony states that ho twisted his back while in the course of his usual employment. However, under this doctrine, the claimant is not entitled to compensation if his disability can be attributed to a prior existing condition. In this regard, we note, from the record, that Simon’s prior sympathectomy, performed to relieve the sensitivity in his right arm and hand, has not been related to the disability in question. The prior surgery was performed in the upper right back; the injury presently at issue is to the lower back. See Gasparovich v. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, 194 Pa. Superior Ct. 137, 166 A. 2d 57 (1961). See also Yuhas v. Bethlehem Steel Corporation, 8 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 302, 303 A. 2d 266 (1973).

USS raises one other potential challenge with respect to the possibility of a prior existing condition. [286]*286Simon’s surgeon acknowledged that upon admission to the hospital, his disability was diagnosed as “discogenic disease, lumbar spine.” USS stresses this point, not so much to show that claimant suffered from a prior existing condition, but rather to urge that Simon has not proven a break, or change in the physical structure or tissues of the body, as a result of the incident in question. We cannot agree. A reading of the record leaves no doubt that Simon suffered from ruptured discs in the loAver back. There is also nothing in the record to indicate that the discogenic disease predated the existing disability, or is in any way causally related to Simon’s present disability. To the contrary, the record sufficiently establishes that the operation performed by Dr. Day was occasioned by the incident that occurred at work.

This brings us to USS’s second contention, i.e., that Simon failed to prove a causal connection between the incidents, the disability, and treatment rendered. USS argues that medical testimony is required to be unequivocal to establish a claim; that opinions in such terms as “could have,” “might have” and “possibly did” are insufficient. While we agree that USS correctly states the law, we cannot agree that Dr. Day was equivocal with respect to causation. On direct examination, he was asked: “Q. Now, Doctor, based upon the history you received, are you able to state whether or not, in your opinion, the operation that you performed was occasioned by the incident that had occurred at work, as stated by Mr. Simon?” His answer was a simple “Yes.”

We recognize that USS’s basic contention concerning this point is whether the doctor had the correct or sufficient history to make such a statement. However, USS did not even cross-examine on this point. It offered no medical testimony of its oavu. USS did not present any witnesses which questioned or disputed [287]

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Bluebook (online)
305 A.2d 913, 9 Pa. Commw. 281, 1973 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 619, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-steel-corp-v-simon-pacommwct-1973.