United States Fire Insurance v. CNA Insurance Companies

572 N.E.2d 1124, 213 Ill. App. 3d 568, 157 Ill. Dec. 660, 1991 Ill. App. LEXIS 704
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedMay 6, 1991
Docket1—89—1615, 1—89—3480 cons.
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 572 N.E.2d 1124 (United States Fire Insurance v. CNA Insurance Companies) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States Fire Insurance v. CNA Insurance Companies, 572 N.E.2d 1124, 213 Ill. App. 3d 568, 157 Ill. Dec. 660, 1991 Ill. App. LEXIS 704 (Ill. Ct. App. 1991).

Opinion

JUSTICE BUCKLEY

delivered the opinion of the court:

Pluswood, Inc. (Pluswood), a Wisconsin manufacturer of building materials, produces “Melaface,” a product formed by the compression of special paper onto both sides of a particle board core using resin and hot presses. Dovetailed Enterprises, Inc. (Dovetailed), a kitchen cabinet manufacturer, purchased sheets of this Melaface and cut them into component parts for kitchen cabinets. These cabinets were then sold for installation to a large New York City apartment complex owned by the 81st West River Company (West River Company). After the Melaface within the cabinets proved defective, West River Company brought suit against Dovetailed, who then filed a third-party complaint for indemnification against Pluswood. Pluswood sought insurance coverage for this suit from its primary carrier, Continental Casualty Company (Continental) (sued as CNA Insurance Companies) and its excess carrier, United States Fire Insurance Company (United).

United filed an action for declaratory relief against Pluswood seeking a declaration that its policies provided no coverage to Plus-wood because West River Company’s claim sought repair or replacement of Pluswood’s product, a claim excluded under its policies’ “sistership” exclusion. Pluswood counterclaimed against Continental seeking a declaration that coverage was available under Continental’s primary policies for the policy years 1982-85. The circuit court of Cook County, applying Wisconsin law, granted (1) summary judgment to Pluswood and against United, finding that the “sistership” exclusion did not operate to preclude coverage, and (2) summary judgment to Continental, finding that no coverage existed for policy years 1984 and 1985 because Pluswood expected the property damage to the cabinets prior to the inception dates of those policies. On appeal, United and Pluswood contest the propriety of the respective summary judgment awards entered against them. We affirm in part and reverse in part.

The record reflects that Pluswood purchased from Continental primary insurance coverage in the amount of $100,000 for policy years 1982-1984 and $250,000 for policy year 1985. Under these policies, Pluswood received comprehensive general liability coverage requiring Continental “to pay on behalf of [Pluswood] all sums which [Pluswood] became legally obligated to pay as damages because of *** property damage *** caused by an occurrence.” Under the definition section of the policies, Continental defined “property damage” and “occurrence” as follows:

“ ‘property damage’ means (1) physical injury to or destruction of tangible property which occurs during the policy period, including the loss of use thereof at any time resulting therefrom, or (2) loss of use of tangible property which has not been physically injured or destroyed provided such loss of use is caused by an occurrence during the policy period;
‘occurrence’ means an accident, including continuous or repeated exposure to conditions, which results in bodily injury or property damage neither expected nor intended from the standpoint of the insured.”

In addition, Continental policies for years 1982-1985 included an endorsement which provided:

“It is hereby agreed that property damage coverage is extended to pay on behalf of the named insured the actual expense incident to the intentional destruction and removal of a product which is found to be defective. For the purpose of this coverage, ‘defective’ means a product which does not meet specifications. It is further agreed that coverage is extended to additional expenses paid as are necessary to replace the product in the same condition existing at the time such product was determined to be defective. A product is defined as all named insured’s products manufactured, sold, distributed or handled.”

As for Pluswood’s excess insurance coverage with United, United provided Pluswood with $20 million in excess coverage for policy years 1981-1985. Under those policies’ “sistership” exclusion, property damage liability coverage did not apply

“to damages claimed for the withdrawal, inspection, repair, replacement, or loss of use of the insured’s products or work completed by or for the insured or of any property of which such products or work form a part, if such products, work or property are withdrawn from the market or from use because of any known or suspected defect or deficiency therein.”

The dispute regarding Pluswood’s Melaface began on February 8, 1983, when West River Company wrote Dovetailed to inform it that some of the cabinets it had purchased were “crazing” or cracking. According to the letter, 92 vacant apartments were surveyed and crazing was found in 25 of them. The remaining 139 apartments were not inspected at this time since they were occupied; however, the letter noted that the problem was growing and everyday more cabinets were developing crazing. Pluswood admits receiving a copy of this letter. On February 16, Pluswood informed Continental that a possible claim existed regarding its cabinets.

On April 20, 1983, Dovetailed received another letter indicating that a recent survey showed that 57 out of 87 vacant apartments had the crazing problem. The occupied apartments had yet to be surveyed. The West River Company demanded in this letter that Dovetailed replace all of the doors, drawers and side panels in all 231 apartments, arguing that additional crazing was likely. Plus-wood admits receiving a copy of this letter.

On May 2, 1983, Dovetailed wrote Pluswood informing it that there were serious problems with its Melaface and that the crazing problem was extensive throughout the project. Dovetailed informed Pluswood that the Melaface breached express and implied warranties and, if Dovetailed were sued over the defects, Dovetailed intended to implead Pluswood as a party defendant to seek indemnification for any damages awarded against Dovetailed.

On September 8, 1983, West River Company filed its complaint against Dovetailed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the New York litigation). In its complaint, West River Company sought judgment against Dovetailed (1) directing it to specifically perform its warranty obligations under the agreement to repair or replace all damages to the cabinets, and (2) for damages in the amount equal to all costs incurred in connection with Dovetailed’s repair or replacement of the cabinets.

On November 15, 1983, Dovetailed filed a third-party complaint against Pluswood seeking indemnification for all or part of any verdict rendered in favor of West River Company. Pluswood notified Continental, its primary carrier, of the claim against it. Continental undertook Pluswood’s defense. As the New York litigation proceeded, the Melaface continued to deteriorate. Subsequent inspections demonstrated that as of October 1984, 30% of the Melaface had deteriorated; as of March 1986, 94% of the Melaface had deteriorated; as of April 1987, deterioration was complete.

This lawsuit began when United filed its action for declaratory relief against Pluswood, which then filed a counterclaim against Continental. Continental moved for summary judgment.

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Bluebook (online)
572 N.E.2d 1124, 213 Ill. App. 3d 568, 157 Ill. Dec. 660, 1991 Ill. App. LEXIS 704, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-fire-insurance-v-cna-insurance-companies-illappct-1991.