United States ex rel. Weber v. People of New York

316 F.2d 603
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit
DecidedMay 1, 1963
DocketNo. 301, Docket 27987
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 316 F.2d 603 (United States ex rel. Weber v. People of New York) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States ex rel. Weber v. People of New York, 316 F.2d 603 (2d Cir. 1963).

Opinion

MARSHALL, Circuit Judge.

This is an appeal by the State of New York from an order of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, Noonan, J., sustaining a writ of habeas corpus and directing that the petitioner, Robert Weber, be released from the custody of the warden of Green Haven Prison.

The record made at the hearing in the District Court establishes the factual background against which Judge Noon-an found that Weber’s constitutional [604]*604rights had been violated and that he was entitled to be released. On June 6, 1950, Weber was convicted in the Court of General Sessions, New York County, of robbery in the second degree and was sentenced to serve a term of from five to ten years in state prison. He was received in prison the following day. and remained there until September 21, 1953, when he was paroled, with a maximum expiration date of April 26, 1960, The Certificate of Release on Parole which Weber signed at that time imposes a number of conditions upon the parolee; in accepting parole on these conditions, Weber promised, inter alia, “I will report to my parole officer each and every time I am arrested or questioned by officers of any law enforcement agency and will give all of the facts and circumstances which brought about the arrest or questioning.”

Weber remained free on parole until February 25, 1960, when two detectives from the Safe and Loft Squad of the New York City Police Department came to his home at 4:40 a. m., and took him to police headquarters for questioning in connection with an assault and robbery that had taken place during the night. According to his parole officer, Weber admitted to him in the course of the questioning that he had “taken a couple of pinches” for gambling while on parole. Subsequent investigation revealed that Weber had been arrested for disorderly conduct on December 17, 1955, during a raid on a dice game and later that day had been convicted and fined $2 in Magistrate’s Court of the City of New York. At no time had Weber reported his arrest and conviction to the parole authorities.

Upon learning of the existence and concealment of this arrest and conviction, Weber’s parole officer issued a warrant for his return to prison for violation of parole. On April 20, 1960 — six days before the original expiration date of Weber’s sentence — the Board of Parole, pursuant to § 218 of the New York Correction Law, held a hearing at which Weber appeared. After completion of the hearing, the Board ruled that Weber had violated the conditions of his parole as of December 17, 1955, and ordered him held in prison, charged with four years, two months, and twenty-eight days in delinquent time; this time represented the balance of the maximum term for which he had been originally sentenced, calculated from the date of delinquency. The addition of this delinquent time extended the maximum expiration date of Weber’s sentence to June 23, 1964.

After exhausting his state remedies, Weber filed his petition for a writ of habeas corpus. His primary contention before the District Court, as it had been before the Board of Parole and before the state courts, was that he was not the man arrested and convicted for gambling on December 17, 1955; the man who had been convicted that day, he argued, had falsely given the police Weber’s name, address, and age as his own. Consequently, Weber contended, since he had never been arrested or convicted on the gambling charge, he obviously could have neither admitted the arrest and conviction to the authorities when he was questioned on February 25, 1960, nor concealed their existence from his parole officer at any time prior to that date. This issue of identity is precisely the issue that was before the Board of Parole at the revocation hearing. Because the police did not fingerprint the defendant in the 1955 disorderly conduct proceeding, conclusive proof on the issue of identity was not available to the Board. The Board therefore was compelled to determine whether to give greater weight, on the one hand, to Weber’s assertion that he was not the same man who had been convicted, or, on the other hand, to the testimony of a parole officer and a detective that Weber admitted the conviction and to the existence of the conviction record itself. See People ex rel. Weber v. Division of Parole, 212 N.Y.S.2d 761, 764-765 (Sup.Ct. 1961). The determination which a Board of Parole reaches in resolving such issues of fact — as it happened in [605]*605the present case, adversely to Weber — may not be made the subject of attack in habeas corpus proceedings in the federal courts absent a demonstration of denial of a constitutional right. Escoe v. Zerbst, 295 U.S. 490, 55 S.Ct. 818, 79 L.Ed. 1566 (1935); cf. Freedman v. Looney, 210 F.2d 56 (10 Cir., 1954). No such demonstration was made by Weber, and the District Court was correct in these circumstances in declining to enter upon a consideration of the quantum of proof that was before the Board of Parole. Cf. Lopez v. Madigan, 174 F.Supp. 919 (N.D. Calif.1959); United States ex rel. DeLucia v. O’Donovan, 107 F.Supp. 347 (N.D.Ill.1952); Nave v. Bell, 180 F.2d 198 (6 Cir., 1950); Fox v. Sanford, 123 F.2d 334 (5 Cir., 1941); Rogoway v. Warden, 122 F.2d 967 (9 Cir., 1941).

Having thus properly put the question of identity to the side, the District Court went on “to address itself to what it considers the basic point, namely, did the State act with due diligence in declaring petitioner a parole violator as of December, 1955 ?” The Court found that it did not because “the Parole Board through its officers should have known, or in fact did know, of the existence of the arrest of this defendant in December 1955, but delayed for one reason or another to retake him into custody.” The Court then had to determine whether this delay of more than four years — between the time at which the State was found to have learned of Weber’s arrest and the time at which it moved to revoke his parole— was in violation of any of Weber’s constitutional rights. Although recognizing that “the rights granted by the Sixth Amendment [do not] specifically refer to one placed in the limited atmosphere of parole,” Judge Noonan held that “where, as here, the state knows or should have known of this petitioner’s gambling arrest in 1955 (which he denies), and waits more than four years before revoking his parole and then extends the parolee’s prison termination date, this court is of the opinion that such is an undue delay within the rationale of this amendment, if not specifically enunciated by it.” Accordingly, the writ was sustained and Weber ordered discharged from custody.

The District Court’s holding that the State had denied Weber his rights under the Sixth Amendment by failing to act with due diligence in revoking his parole thus rested, in the alternative, either on the finding of fast that the Board of Parole knew of the existence of his conviction in 1955 or on the conclusion of law that it should have known of its existence at that time. Because we believe that the District Court’s finding of fact is clearly erroneous and its conclusion of law unwarranted on the record, we are compelled to reverse the judgment of the District Court and to order that the writ of habeas corpus be dismissed. See United States ex rel. Sadness v.

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United States v. People of State of New York
316 F.2d 603 (Second Circuit, 1963)

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