United States Ex Rel. Hood v. McAdory

291 F. Supp. 2d 773, 2003 WL 22708517
CourtDistrict Court, N.D. Illinois
DecidedNovember 14, 2003
Docket03 C 2709
StatusPublished

This text of 291 F. Supp. 2d 773 (United States Ex Rel. Hood v. McAdory) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, N.D. Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
United States Ex Rel. Hood v. McAdory, 291 F. Supp. 2d 773, 2003 WL 22708517 (N.D. Ill. 2003).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

BUCKLO, District Judge.

On May 6, 1996, Tyrone Hood was convicted in the Circuit Court of Cook County of first degree murder and armed robbery. He was sentenced to serve consecutive prison terms of 50 years for the murder conviction and 25 years for the armed robbery conviction.

Mr. Hood appealed his conviction to the Illinois Appellate Court. Mr. Hood raised eight issues in his appeal: 1) failure to suppress evidence resulting from an improper arrest; 2) restriction of his presentation of a defense; 3) improper admission of grand jury testimony and an out-of-court written statement; 4) improper amendment of the indictment at the end of the state’s case; 5) denial of a fair trial through use of improper and prejudicial testimony; 6) prosecutorial misconduct; 7) insufficiency of the evidence against him; and 8) improper basis for his sentence and excessive nature of those sentence. The appellate court affirmed Mr. Hood’s conviction on February 10,1999.

Mr. Hood sought leave to appeal to the Illinois Supreme Court. He raised three issues: 1) failure to suppress evidence resulting from an improper arrest and error in allowing the State to reopen its case to establish probable cause for the arrest; 2) exclusion of evidence that restricted his presentation of a defense; and 3) improper admission of hearsay evidence. That petition was denied on June 2,1999.

Mr. Hood filed a petition for post-conviction relief with the Circuit Court of Cook County on May 5, 1999. In that petition, he raised two issues: 1) ineffective assis *775 tance of trial counsel and 2) improper use of perjured testimony. The petition was denied on July 7, 1999. Mr. Hood appealed the dismissal of his petition, raising three issues: 1) improper nature of mandatory sentences; 2) violation of rules established in Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 120 S.Ct. 2348, 147 L.Ed.2d 435 (2000); and 3) unconstitutional nature of an amendment to the PosMJonviction Hearing Act. On October 23, 2001, the appellate court affirmed the dismissal of his petition for post-conviction relief. On November 20, 2001, the court denied his petition for rehearing.

Mr. Hood filed a petition for leave to appeal to the Illinois Supreme Court on December 26, 2001, raising three issues: 1) the use of the victim’s death as the severe bodily injury for the Class 1 or Class X offense needed to trigger mandatory consecutive sentences under 730 ILCS 5/5—8—4(a); 2) violation of the single-subject rule by the Post-Conviction Hearing Act; and 3) violation of the rules established in Ap-prendi. The Illinois Supreme Court denied his petition for leave to appeal on December 5, 2002.

On April 22, 2003, Mr. Hood filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus. He raises six issues: 1 1) failure to suppress evidence resulting from an improper arrest; 2) error by the trial court in allowing the State to reopen its case to show probable cause for the arrest; 3) improper restriction of his ability to present a defense; 4) use of inadmissible hearsay; 5) improper double enhancement of his sentence; and 6) violation of the rules established in Apprendi for imposing consecutive sentences. One issue is procedurally defaulted and four others do not present a basis for relief. I order the parties to produce documents relating to the final issue.

I.

Mr. Hood argues that his arrest was improper and that the resulting evidence should have been suppressed at trial. Where the petitioner has had full and fair opportunity to litigate his Fourth Amendment claims in state court, I will not consider those claims upon a habeas petition. Stone v. Powell, 428 U.S. 465, 482, 96 S.Ct. 3037, 49 L.Ed.2d 1067 (1976); Terry v. Martin, 120 F.3d 661, 663 (7th Cir.1997). “A prisoner receives an opportunity for full and fair litigation of a Fourth Amendment claim when (1) the prisoner has clearly informed the state court of the factual basis for that claim and has argued that those facts constitute a violation of his Fourth Amendment rights and (2) the state court has carefully and thoroughly analyzed the facts and applied the proper constitutional case law to the facts.” Terry, 120 F.3d at 663.

Mr. Hood raised the issue of his arrest and the resulting evidence with the state courts on direct appeal. The Illinois Appellate Court rejected Mr. Hood’s argument that he was unlawfully detained prior to his formal arrest on May 27, 1993. Ex. B at 13-16. While Mr. Hood stayed at the police station for some time before his eventual arrest, the court found that his stays were voluntary. Id. (citing United States v. Mendenhall, 446 U.S. 544, 553-54, 100 S.Ct. 1870, 64 L.Ed.2d 497 (1980)). Mr. Hood was told that he was not under arrest and that he was free to leave. Ex. B at 15. Further, he stayed in unlocked rooms while he was at the station, was able to use the telephone and the bathroom, and was not searched, handcuffed, or photographed. Ex. B at 15-16.

The appellate court also rejected Mr. Hood’s argument that the police had no *776 probable cause to arrest him on May 27, 1993. Ex. B at 17-18. Mr. Hood argued that the informant whose statement provided probable cause for Mr. Hood’s arrest was unreliable. The appellate court found that the informant was “sufficiently reliable to support a finding of probable cause.” Ex. B at 18. The informant was an eyewitness who was able to give the police a detailed report, which was corroborated by other evidence available to the police. The court found that this evidence was “sufficient to cause a reasonable person to believe that an offense has been committed, and that the person arrested committed it.” Id. (citing People v. Moody, 94 Ill.2d 1, 67 Ill.Dec. 795, 445 N.E.2d 275 (1983)). As the state court has already given a full and fair evaluation to these arguments, I will not consider them.

II.

Mr. Hood also argues three issues relating to state evidentiary law: (1) that the State was improperly allowed to reopen its case to show probable cause for Mr. Hood’s arrest; (2) that the trial judge improperly excluded evidence relating to Mr. Hood’s defense; and (3) that the trial judge improperly admitted hearsay against Mr. Hood. “Evidence wrongly admitted does not support a writ of habeas corpus unless all things considered the trial posed an unacceptably great risk of convicting an innocent person, and the judicial process therefore denied the accused due process of law.” Gonzalez v. DeTella, 127 F.3d 619, 621 (7th Cir.1997).

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Related

Stone v. Powell
428 U.S. 465 (Supreme Court, 1976)
United States v. Mendenhall
446 U.S. 544 (Supreme Court, 1980)
Harris v. Reed
489 U.S. 255 (Supreme Court, 1989)
Coleman v. Thompson
501 U.S. 722 (Supreme Court, 1991)
O'Sullivan v. Boerckel
526 U.S. 838 (Supreme Court, 1999)
Apprendi v. New Jersey
530 U.S. 466 (Supreme Court, 2000)
Neumann v. Jordan
84 F.3d 985 (Seventh Circuit, 1996)
Alfredo Gonzalez v. George Detella, Warden
127 F.3d 619 (Seventh Circuit, 1997)
Jerome White v. Salvador A. Godinez
192 F.3d 607 (Seventh Circuit, 1999)
People v. Moody
445 N.E.2d 275 (Illinois Supreme Court, 1983)
United States Ex Rel. McDonald v. Page
108 F. Supp. 2d 993 (N.D. Illinois, 2000)

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Bluebook (online)
291 F. Supp. 2d 773, 2003 WL 22708517, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/united-states-ex-rel-hood-v-mcadory-ilnd-2003.