Unified Buddhist Church, Inc.

CourtVermont Superior Court
DecidedMarch 20, 2006
Docket191-09-05 Vtec
StatusPublished

This text of Unified Buddhist Church, Inc. (Unified Buddhist Church, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Vermont Superior Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Unified Buddhist Church, Inc., (Vt. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinion

STATE OF VERMONT

ENVIRONMENTAL COURT

} In re: Unified Buddhist Church, Inc. } Docket No. 191‐9‐05 Vtec (Appeal of Lull’s Brook Watershed Ass’n, et al. } }

Decision and Order on Question 8 of Applicant’s Statement of Questions

Appellants Lull’s Brook Watershed Association, John and Amy Zelig, Sterling R. and

Marion Monk, Catherine Bacon, Peter Gordon, and Elaine Brousseau appealed from a

decision of the District Environmental Commission #3 granting Cross‐Appellant‐Applicant

(Applicant) Unified Buddhist Church, Inc.’s application for a land use permit for the

Buddhist Dharma Center on a 148‐acre parcel of property in the Town of Hartland.

Appellants are represented by David Grayck, Esq.; Applicant is represented by James P.

W. Goss, Esq.; and the Natural Resources Board is represented by John H. Hasen, Esq. The

Agency of Natural Resources appeared as an Interested Person through Catherine Gjessing,

Esq. but did not participate in the briefing of the present issue. Appellants, Applicant, and

the Natural Resources Board all filed memoranda requesting the Court’s resolution of

Question 8 of Applicant’s Statement of Questions as a preliminary question of law.

The so‐called permit reform bill, 2003, No. 115 (Adj. Sess.)1 (also referred to in this

decision as “Act 115”), was passed in the spring 2004 legislative session. Among other

things, it substantially amended the appeals process from permit decisions made by

1 The citation convention for laws passed by the legislature is to use the initial year of each biennial session (in this case, 2003), followed by the abbreviation of “Adjourned Session” to indicate the second year of the session.

1 District Commissions under Act 250 (10 V.S.A. Ch. 151). Under §1192 of Act 115, certain

of the sections of the new law took effect on July 1, 2004, and other sections (including the

appointment of a second environmental judge) took effect on January 31, 2005.

Under §119(a) of Act 115, section 54 of Act 115 (amending 10 V.S.A. §6084, and

transferring the topics formerly contained in §6085(a) and (b) to amended §6084(c), (d) and

(e)) took effect on July 1, 2004. It dealt with the question of who has to receive notice of the

filing of an Act 250 application at the district commission level and provided for major and

minor applications “in accordance with board rules.” It added a requirement that the

applicant furnish the district commission with names of adjoining property owners, and

added a requirement that the district commission provide notice of hearings and notice of

the commencement of review for minor applications to be sent to adjoining landowners “as

deemed appropriate by the district commission pursuant to the rules of the board.” 10

V.S.A. §6084(a), (b).

Under §119(a) of Act 115, section 55 of Act 115 (amending the party status

provisions of 10 V.S.A. §6085) and section 75 of Act 115 (adding 10 V.S.A. Ch. 220 (10 V.S.A.

§8501, et seq.) providing for consolidated environmental appeals), took effect on January

31, 2005. Under §121(a) of Act 115, commencing on January 31, 2005, all new appeals

within the scope of the new 10 V.S.A. Chapter 220 were to be filed with the Environmental

Court.

Thus, as of July 1, 2004, all potential applicants for Act 250 permits were put on

notice that the route of appeal for decisions of the district coordinators and district

commissions would change from the state Environmental Board to the judicial branch

2 In addition, §119(a) refers to 24 V.S.A. §4481, which provides a schedule under which certain of the statutory sections, pertaining to municipal zoning and planning, control over inconsistent municipal ordinances. Section 119 must also be read together with 2003, No. 122 (Adj. Sess.), §296, adopted later in the same legislative session, providing corrections to Section 119.

2 Environmental Court, on or about3 January 31, 2005, and that obtaining and retaining party

status at the district commission level would be required to have standing to bring an

appeal to the Environmental Court.4 10 V.S.A. §8504(d).

Applicant Unified Buddhist Church, Inc., owns a 148‐acre parcel of property in the

Town of Hartland between Town Farm Hill Road and the Brownsville‐Hartland Road.

Access to the main portion of the property to the north of Lull’s Brook is via Town Farm

Hill Road. Access to the portion of the property located southerly of Lull’s Brook is via the

Brownsville‐Hartland Road. Applicant applied for an Act 250 land use permit to build new

buildings and renovate existing buildings, including the proposed installation of a new

septic disposal leach field on the portion of the property located southerly of Lull’s Brook.

The application was filed with the District Commission on December 27, 2004,

approximately seven months after the passage of the legislation changing the appeals route

for Act 250 appeals, and about5 a month before the January 31, 2005 effective date of the

new 10 V.S.A. Chapter 220 and the amended 10 V.S.A. §6085.

The District Commission held its first hearing and site visit, and issued its

3 Section 121(b) of Act 115 allowed the former environmental board to continue to exist to complete its consideration of any action pending before it as of January 31, 2005, except that appeals received before that date for which the board had “not yet initiated proceedings” were required to be transferred to the Environmental Court. 4 Section 8504(d)(2) allows the environmental judge to allow an “aggrieved person” to appeal to the environmental court, notwithstanding a lack of party status at the district commission, if there was a procedural defect which prevented the person from obtaining party status or participating in the district commission proceeding, or if some other condition exists which would result in “manifest injustice” if the person were not allowed to appeal. In addition, §8504(d)(2) provides for appeals to the Court from the grant or denial of party status. 5 See footnote 3, above.

3 preliminary party status determinations on January 25, 2005; held a second day of hearing

on February 1, 2005, held a third day of hearing on February 15, 2005 (including ruling on

a party status request made that date); held a fourth day of hearing on April 19, 2005; and

adjourned the hearing on June 27, 2005, after its review of the record and completion of

deliberations. The District Commission issued its decision on the merits of the application

on June 28, 2005, received three timely motions to alter, and issued its final Findings of

Fact, Conclusions of Law, and Order, and associated Land Use Permit (#3W0929(Altered))

on August 17, 2005. The final decision included the District Commission’s final

determinations of party status made under 10 V.S.A. §6085(c)(6) (as amended by Act 115)6,

referring to its preliminary determinations of party status as having been made under 10

V.S.A. §6085(c)(2) and Environmental Board Rule 14(F).

Appellants filed their appeal of this decision on September 14, 2005, with the

Environmental Court. Applicant filed a cross‐appeal on September 21, 2005, challenging

the District Commission’s determinations of party status, and requesting in Question 8 of

its Statement of Questions that party status be determined under former Environmental

Board Rule 14 and the statutes that were in effect on the date of its initial application to the

District Commission at the end of 2004. The Environmental Court provided for the

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