Udero v. Phelps Dodge Mining Co.

913 P.2d 680, 121 N.M. 492
CourtNew Mexico Court of Appeals
DecidedFebruary 14, 1996
DocketNo. 16201
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 913 P.2d 680 (Udero v. Phelps Dodge Mining Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Mexico Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Udero v. Phelps Dodge Mining Co., 913 P.2d 680, 121 N.M. 492 (N.M. Ct. App. 1996).

Opinions

OPINION

FLORES, Judge.

1. Phelps Dodge Mining Company (Employer) appeals the workers’ compensation judge’s (judge) order denying its motion for summary judgment and order granting summary judgment in favor of Susan Udero (Worker). On appeal, Employer argues that NMSA 1978, Section 52-l-41(B) (Repl. Pamp.1991) (effective Jan. 1, 1991) of the Workers’ Compensation Act (the Act), forbids payment of temporary total disability benefits for a secondary mental impairment after the worker has received one hundred weeks of total disability benefits (regardless of what impairment was the source of the benefits received). Alternatively, Employer argues for the first time on appeal that even if there is no absolute one-hundred-week cap on temporary total disability benefits for secondary mental impairment, Worker can recover such benefits for a secondary mental impairment beyond one hundred weeks only for as long as the worker’s physical disability continues. In this regard, Employer contends that remand is necessary for a determination of whether Worker’s inability to return to work is due to her physical condition. This case essentially requires us to interpret Section 52-l-41(B) of the Act. After doing so, we affirm the judge’s orders. BACKGROUND

2. On August 30, 1991, Worker suffered an accidental injury arising out of and in the course of her employment with Employer. As a result of the accident, Worker suffered multiple physical and psychological injuries. Worker received temporary total disability benefits in the amount of $297.19 per week from August 30, 1991 through June 24, 1994. Thereafter, from June 24,1994 to September 24, 1994, Worker received permanent partial disability benefits based on an 18% rating, and from September 24,1994 to the time that the judge adopted the parties’ amended stipulations of fact on January 25, 1995, Worker received permanent partial disability benefits based on a 22% rating.

3. On July 25, 1994, Worker filed a complaint seeking temporary total disability benefits and permanent partial disability benefits from Employer. The judge entered Stipulations of Fact and Recital of Contested Issues on December 12, 1994, and Amended Stipulations of Fact and Recital of Contested Issues on January 25, 1995. According to the facts stipulated to by the parties, Worker reached maximum medical improvement for her physical injuries and was assessed a 10% permanent impairment of her body as a whole on May 4, 1994. After the modifications were factored in pursuant to NMSA 1978, Sections 52-1-26.1 to -26.4 (Repl. Pamp.1991) (effective Jan. 1, 1991), she was assigned a 22% disability. Worker, however, had not reached maximum medical improvement for the psychological injuries.

4. On December 16, 1994, Employer filed a motion for summary judgment arguing that Worker was not entitled to any further temporary total disability benefits despite her secondary mental impairment because she had already received temporary total disability benefits for one hundred weeks and under Section 52-l-41(B), Worker was barred from any claim for further disability benefits based on the mental impairment. Worker filed an answer to Employer’s motion for summary judgment together with a cross-motion for summary judgment. On February 8, 1995, the judge denied Employer’s motion for summary judgment, granted Worker’s cross-motion for summary judgment, and ordered that Worker’s temporary total disability benefits be reinstated beginning June 24, 1994. The judge determined that because “Worker suffered a secondary mental impairment as a result of a work accident, the psychological impairment has not yet reached maximum medical improvement, and the Worker has not yet been released to return to work,” Worker is entitled to temporary total disability benefits under the Act. Employer appeals.

DISCUSSION

I. Preservation

5. Initially, we must decide whether we may address the alternative argument Employer raises for the first time on appeal. Employer admits that it failed to preserve the alternative argument. However, Employer asserts that under this Court’s previous holdings in Perea v. Snyder, 117 N.M. 774, 780, 877 P.2d 580, 586 (Ct.App.), cert. denied, 118 N.M. 90, 879 P.2d 91 (1994); Ramer v. Place-Gallegos, 118 N.M. 363, 365, 881 P.2d 723, 725 (Ct.App.1994); and Phifer v. Herbert, 115 N.M. 135, 138, 848 P.2d 5, 8 (Ct.App.1993), we can address the argument on appeal.

6. In Phifer, we acknowledged that, ordinarily, a party may not raise an argument on appeal that was not presented to the trial court but determined that “a different rule applies when the party opposing summary judgment seeks to call the appellate court’s attention to facts in the record not specifically brought to the trial court’s attention.” Phifer, 115 N.M. at 138, 848 P.2d at 8. We applied that rule to a dismissal for failure to state a claim and considered the plaintiffs arguments regarding the facts she alleged would support her claim. Id.

7. Following the rule enunciated in Phi-fer, this Court held in Perea that the plaintiffs argument that the general clause in a release was ambiguous could be raised for the first time on appeal. Perea, 117 N.M. at 780, 877 P.2d at 586. That rule was again applied by our Court in Ramer, which involved a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim in which the plaintiffs claims for invasion of privacy and sexual harassment were considered on appeal despite the plaintiffs failure to argue those theories in the original complaint or in response to the defendant’s motion to dismiss. Ramer, 118 N.M. at 365, 881 P.2d at 725.

8. Thus, even though we are compelled to consider Employer’s argument in light of these cases, we reject Employer’s interpretation of Section 52-l-41(B).

II. Section 52-1-4KB)

9. At the hearing on the motion for summary judgment, Employer’s sole argument was that Section 52-l-41(B) imposes a maximum cap of one hundred weeks on temporary total disability benefits for a secondary mental impairment. As previously noted, on appeal Employer not only makes this argument but also raises the alternative argument that even if Section 52-l-41(B) does not impose an absolute one-hundred-week cap, Worker must still prove that the physical disability continued in order for Worker to recover temporary total disability benefits for a secondary mental impairment beyond one hundred weeks. Consequently, Employer asserts that this Court must remand to the judge for a determination of whether Worker’s inability to return to work is due to her physical condition. We reject both of Employer’s arguments.

10. We begin with the statutory definition of impairment.

A. “impairment” means an anatomical or functional abnormality existing after the date of maximum medical improvement as determined by a medically or scientifically demonstrable finding and based upon the most recent edition of the American medical association’s guide to the evaluation of permanent impairment or comparable publications of the American medical association. Impairment includes physical impairment, primary mental impairment and secondary mental impairment;

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Bluebook (online)
913 P.2d 680, 121 N.M. 492, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/udero-v-phelps-dodge-mining-co-nmctapp-1996.