Thompson v. Coates

627 S.W.2d 376, 1981 Tenn. App. LEXIS 570
CourtCourt of Appeals of Tennessee
DecidedDecember 10, 1981
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 627 S.W.2d 376 (Thompson v. Coates) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Tennessee primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Thompson v. Coates, 627 S.W.2d 376, 1981 Tenn. App. LEXIS 570 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1981).

Opinion

[378]*378OPINION

CANTRELL, Judge.

This case involves a question of jurisdiction of the Chancery Court to establish paternity under T.C.A. § 31-206 and questions of laches and the relevant statute of limitations for such actions.

Section 31-206 of the Tennessee Code Annotated, enacted in 1977 and amended in 1978, provides, in pertinent part, as follows:

If, for purposes of intestate succession, a relationship of parent and child must be established to determine succession by, through, or from a person,
⅜ * ⅜ * * *
(2) In cases not covered by (1), a person born out of wedlock is a child of the mother. That person is also a child of the father, if:
⅜ * * ⅝ sfc sfc
(b) The paternity is established by an adjudication before the death of the father or is established thereafter by clear and convincing proof, but the paternity established under this subdivision is ineffective to qualify the father or his kindred to inherit from or through the child unless the father has openly treated the child as his, and has not refused to support the child.

Prior to 1978, an illegitimate child could not inherit from his father unless the natural parents participated in a marriage ceremony or the issue of paternity had been determined pursuant to Chapter 2 of Title 36 of the Tennessee Code Annotated and a court order of paternity and support had been entered. See T.C.A. §§ 36-224, 36-234. In addition to the legislature’s action in passing the above act, the Supreme Court in 1978 decided the ease of Allen v. Harvey, 568 S.W.2d 829 (Tenn.1978), in which the Court changed the common law rule to allow a child born out of wedlock to inherit from its father in cases where paternity is established by clear and convincing proof and where rights of inheritance have not finally vested — even without a prior adjudication of paternity under T.C.A. § 36-224. Therefore, by parallel paths, one legislative and the other judicial, the rights of illegitimate children advanced to the point where illegitimate children may inherit from their fathers if, even after the father’s death, the relationship can be established by clear and convincing proof.

This action was filed in the court below on July 18, 1980 alleging that the plaintiff is the illegitimate child of John Graves, who died on October 2, 1972, and that as the only child he is entitled to inherit the real estate of John Graves. An alleged will of John Graves was probated on July 17, 1980 and is now the subject of a will contest.

It is uncontroverted that plaintiff was born to Ora V. Thompson on December 29, 1934. Ora Thompson and John Graves never married each other or anyone else. After a bench trial in the court below on February 12, 1981, the Chancellor found:

The Court is . . . confronted with the issue of whether the evidence submitted has established paternity by clear and convincing proof. The uncontradicted evidence is that when the child was born, the mother gave John Graves as the father on the birth certificate and that through a legislative act, the father’s name was subsequently blocked out. The mother felt as indicated by the original birth certificate that John Graves was the father at the time of the birth. The evidence further reveals that this feeling by the mother and her family caused them to commence legal action to require the alleged father to either marry the mother or to support the illegitimate child. The paternity is further shown by the fact that the community as a whole accepted the fact that John Graves was the father and this is substantiated by his statements to at least two witnesses acknowledging the possibility that he was the father. Some weight can be given to the pictures of John Graves and the resemblance to the plaintiff.

With respect to the Chancellor’s findings and conclusion that plaintiff is the illegitimate son of John Graves, we are fully in accord. The evidence in the record clearly [379]*379and convincingly shows that John Graves was the plaintiff’s father.

The defendants’ first issue on appeal concerns the jurisdiction of the Chancery Court to decide the issue of paternity. The appellants rely on T.C.A. § 36-224 and the case of Matter of Estate of Kennedy, 544 S.W.2d 365 (Tenn.App.1975). T.C.A. § 36-224 provides that original and exclusive jurisdiction is in the juvenile court for the purposes of that chapter. However, that chapter contemplates a proceeding in juvenile court to determine the question of paternity in order to establish the obligation of the putative father to support and educate the child. The petition can be brought only by the mother or her personal representative if the mother is living (or by the Department of Human Services if the child is about to become a public charge), or may be brought by the child’s guardian or next friend if the mother is deceased. Such a suit under that chapter must also be brought within two years from the birth of the child unless paternity has been acknowledged by the father in writing or by the furnishing of support.

That is not the case here. This proceeding is strictly limited to the right of inheritance. Although the issue of jurisdiction was not addressed in Allen v. Harvey, that suit, which determined the question of paternity and the rights of illegitimates to inherit, was not brought in juvenile court. See also Muse v. Sluder, 600 S.W.2d 237 (Tenn.App.1980).

In Matter of Estate of Kennedy, the proceeding was in probate court to -determine the right of an illegitimate son to take, under the statutes of descent and distribution, the balance of the personal estate of the deceased as his only heir at law. The action was brought prior to the enactment of Chapter 763 of the Public Acts of 1978 (now part of T.C.A. § 31-206). Since prior to that enactment an illegitimate child could only inherit from his father if an order of paternity and support had been entered, the Chancellor in Kennedy treated the child’s petition in the probate proceeding as a petition authorized by T.C.A. § 36-224 and held that the child should be accorded the right to inherit as expressly provided by T.C.A. § 36 — 234, following a judgment of paternity and support. The appellate court reversed, holding that T.C.A. §§ 36-224 and 36-234 did not authorize a proceeding in a court other than juvenile court for the purpose of establishing paternity.

However, this is a proceeding under T.C.A.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
627 S.W.2d 376, 1981 Tenn. App. LEXIS 570, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/thompson-v-coates-tennctapp-1981.