Thompson Drilling, Inc. v. Romig

736 P.2d 979, 105 N.M. 701
CourtNew Mexico Supreme Court
DecidedMay 4, 1987
Docket16127
StatusPublished
Cited by43 cases

This text of 736 P.2d 979 (Thompson Drilling, Inc. v. Romig) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Mexico Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Thompson Drilling, Inc. v. Romig, 736 P.2d 979, 105 N.M. 701 (N.M. 1987).

Opinion

OPINION

SOSA, Senior Justice.

Plaintiff Thompson Drilling, Inc. (Thompson), a New Mexico corporation, brought an action against defendant Sally Kandarian Romig (Romig) to recover money due under a contract and enforcement of a mechanic’s lien. Romig counterclaimed, alleging negligent misrepresentations, fraudulent misrepresentations, and breach of contract. The case was tried before a jury, which returned a verdict in the following form: “We find for the Plaintiff on the complaint in the sum of $__” The Foreperson signed the verdict which stated:

[$]8,309.64
+ Gross Receipt Tax
+ Interest Rate Specified in Defendant’s
Exhibit #43
-I- Attorney Fees

After the proceedings were adjourned, Romig filed a motion to quash the verdict; But the trial court, pursuant to the jury verdict, entered a final judgment in favor of Thompson in the total amount of $26,-941.55. Romig then filed a motion for a new trial, challenging the jury’s award of damages and the court’s award of attorney fees and interest. This motion was denied. Romig appeals from the resulting final judgment. We affirm in part and reverse in part with respect to the award of attorney’s fees.

The relevant facts can be briefly summarized as follows: On June 22, 1983, the parties entered into a “work order agreement” in which Thompson agreed to drill a water well and furnish labor and materials for $8,511.21. The agreement provided for payment upon installation of the pump. Thompson drilled a well 550 feet deep and installed the proper equipment. On July 8, 1983, Thompson billed Romig for all services and parts.

Romig, not satisfied with the quantity or quality of the water, refused to pay Thompson. In August 1983, Romig hired Pioneer Drilling to drill another well. Thompson made a final written demand for payment on Romig’s counsel. Again, payment was refused. This suit followed. On appeal Romig raises six issues of alleged trial court error: (1) failure to quash the jury verdict; (2) the increased jury verdict; (3) failure to submit certain jury verdict forms; (4) refusal to allow Romig’s witness to testify; (5) failure to include Romig’s jury instructions; and (6) the award of attorney’s fees.

JURY VERDICT

Issues one, two, and three are dealt with respectively. Romig asserts that the jury verdict is invalid because it is ambiguous and indefinite as to the amount of damages. Thompson maintains that the verdict is unequivocal and accurately reflects the jury’s intention. Thompson also contends that Romig waived any objection to the final judgment on the jury verdict because Romig’s counsel failed to object or except at the time the jury returned the verdict and before the jury was discharged.

A valid judgment cannot be entered on a jury verdict which is neither specific nor definite regarding the amount of damages. Sanchez v. Martinez, 99 N.M. 66, 71, 653 P.2d 897, 902 (Ct.App.1982). Although a verdict must state the amount due with sufficient definiteness, “strict technical accuracy is not required in the statement of the amount; and it is sufficient if the amount can be ascertained by mere mathematical calculation.” 89 C.J.S. Trial § 497, at 161 (1955). The jury’s verdict reasonably followed the court’s Instruction No. 26, which states in part:

If you should decide in favor of Plaintiff on its claim, then you must fix the amount of money damages which will restore to Plaintiff what was lost by Defendant’s breach and what Plaintiff reasonably could have expected to gain. The Plaintiff's claim for damage is payment for its services and materials pursuant to the bill submitted by Plaintiff to Defendant, less the sum of $108.89 listed for the pump shelter and maintenance contract and water system.

Under this instruction, the jury was authorized to find the verdict returned. The instruction allowed the jury to award damages pursuant to the bill submitted. Thompson’s bill for service and parts was in the total amount of $8,414.59, plus $315.55 in tax. The sum listed on the bill for the pump shelter, maintenance contract, and water system was for $104.95, not $108.89. It is evident, therefore, that the jury’s verdict of damages for $8,309.64 was arrived at by simply subtracting $104.95 from $8,414.59. There is no ambiguity here.

The jury awarded damages for gross receipt tax, interest, and attorney fees without specifying the exact amounts. 1 Romig’s second point is that the court erred in calculating the gross receipt tax, thus increasing the jury verdict to the amount of $8,612.25. She maintains that it was the exclusive province of the jury to decide the applicable gross receipt tax rate, and because this amount was indefinite, the jury’s verdict should have been quashed.

We agree that the jury should determine the proper amount of damages. See Sanchez v. Martinez, 99 N.M. at 72, 653 P.2d at 903. A verdict, however, is generally held to be sufficient if it can be made definite and certain by reference to other matter in the case, such as reference to evidence and instructions of record. 89 C.J.S. Trial § 496, at 158. In the instant case, the applicable gross receipt tax rate of 3.75% is apparent from the bill, which was introduced into evidence. Because the amount of damages can be determined by a mere calculation and reference to the record, the jury verdict is sufficiently certain. See generally Sandell v. Norment, 19 N.M. 549, 562, 145 P. 259, 263 (1914) (amount of recovery was undisputed and could be ascertained from the pleadings). The trial court did not err in computing the gross receipt tax from the jury’s verdict, where the amount intended to be stated was clear.

Romig also argues that she was prejudiced by the court’s failure to submit complete jury verdict forms under NMSA 1978, UJI Civ. 13-828 (Recomp.1986). The directions for use of 13-828 provide in pertinent part: “UJI 13-828A through 13-828E will each be given to the jury in any contract case involving a counterclaim or recoupment.” The court submitted to the jury verdict forms 13-828A, 13-828C, and 13-828E. Although the court failed to offer all the verdict forms required by this instruction, there is no evidence that Romig was thus prejudiced. In fact, the court submitted forms which included a finding for Romig on her counterclaim. See UJI Civ. 13-828C.

Moreover, we agree with Thompson that the right to object to an improper verdict is waived when not made at the time of the return of the verdict and cannot be reclaimed and revived by resorting to a motion for a new trial or on appeal. See Fischer v. Howard, 201 Or. 426, 463, 271 P.2d 1059, 1075 (1954). See also Holloway v. Evans, 55 N.M. 601, 605-06, 238 P.2d 457, 459 (1951) (failure to object to possible error waives challenge on appeal).

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Bluebook (online)
736 P.2d 979, 105 N.M. 701, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/thompson-drilling-inc-v-romig-nm-1987.