COURT OF APPEALS EIGHTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS EL PASO, TEXAS
THOMAS A. RABATIN, § INDIVIDUALLY AND AS PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ESTATE § OF MARIA RABATIN, DECEASED, No. 08-07-00138-CV TONY CHACON AND ANDRES § CHACON, Appeal from the § Appellants, County Court at Law Number Three § v. of El Paso County, Texas § (TC# 2007-1949 ) GENARO VAZQUEZ, M.D., §
Appellee. §
OPINION
This is an appeal from a summary judgment based on the statute of limitations of the
Texas Medical Liability Act. Appellants mailed the notice and medical authorization form as
required to toll the statute of limitations, but the authorization form was defective. We reverse
and remand.1
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
Maria Rabatin was admitted to Sierra Medical Center on January 4, 2004, by Dr. Alfonso
1 This is one of three essentially identical opinions involving all the same issues. See Thomas A. Rabatin, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Maria Rabatin, Deceased, Tony Chacon and Andres Chacon v. Joseph Kidd, M.D., Haroutioun Shahinian, M.D., and Neil Grieshop, M.D., 08-07-00137-CV (Tex.App.--El Paso October 23, 2008, no pet.h.) and Thomas A. Rabatin, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Maria Rabatin, Deceased, Tony Chacon and Andres Chacon v. Alfonso Chavez, M.D., 08-07-00139-CV (Tex.App.--El Paso October 23, 2008, no pet.h.). Chavez. She passed away on January 11, 2004, due to a perforated blood vessel during the
insertion of a central line. Appellants sent a notice letter with a medical authorization form to
Dr. Grieshop on October 7, 2005. The authorization form excluded Dr. Chavez’s and other
doctors’ records of treatment that were the basis of the claim, and did not provide the treatment
dates. Appellants sent notice letters with medical authorizations forms to all defendants on
December 29, 2005. This form again excluded the doctors’ records, and did not provide who’s
attorneys or testifying experts could receive the records. The medical authorization form
accompanying the December letter was held to be statutorily noncompliant by the trial court.
Defendant argues that the medical authorization form sent with the October notice letter was
likewise statutorily noncompliant. However, Dr. Shahinian’s attorney was able to use the
December medical authorization form to obtain Mrs. Rabatin’s records from Sierra Medical
Center.
Appellants filed suit on March 20, 2006, more than two years’ after Maria Rabatin’s
death. On June 8, 2006, Appellants provided a statutory compliant medical records authorization
form. On July 13, 2006, the trial court granted Defendants’ motions to abate for sixty days from
the receipt of the compliant authorization form. The trial court granted the Defendants’ motions
for summary judgment.
Appellants raise three issues on appeal. Appellants contend that the trial court erred in
granting the motion for summary judgment because the suit was timely filed, the medical
authorization form violates the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
(HIPAA), and there was a genuine issue of material fact.
DISCUSSION
-2- In Appellants’ first issue, they argue that summary judgment was improperly granted
because the statute of limitations was tolled. Summary judgment is reviewed de novo to
determine whether a party’s right to prevail is established as a matter of law. Capitan
Enterprises, Inc. v. Jackson, 903 S.W.2d 772, 775 (Tex.App.--El Paso 1994, writ denied). A
defendant moving for summary judgment on the affirmative defense of limitations has the burden
to conclusively establish that defense. Torres v. GSC Enterprises, Inc., 242 S.W.3d 553, 561
(Tex.App.--El Paso 2007, no pet.), citing KPMG Peat Marwick v. Harrison County Housing
Finance Corp., 988 S.W.2d 746, 748 (Tex. 1999). The defendant must conclusively prove when
the cause of action accrued and negate the discovery rule if it applies and has been pled or
otherwise raised. Torres, 242 S.W.3d at 561. If the movant establishes that the statute of
limitations bars the action, the non-movant must then adduce summary judgment proof raising a
fact issue in avoidance of the statutes of limitations. Id.
There is a two-year statute of limitations on health care liability claims, which starts from
the occurrence of the breach or tort or from the date the medical or health care treatment that is
the subject of the claim or the hospitalization for which the claim is made is completed.
TEX .CIV .PRAC.&REM .CODE ANN . § 74.251 (Vernon 2005). The medical liability statute’s notice
provision, in pertinent parts, states:
(a) Any person or his authorized agent asserting a health care liability claim shall give written notice of such claim by certified mail, return receipt requested, to each physician or health care provider against whom such claim is being made at least 60 days before the filing of a suit in any court of this state based upon a health care liability claim. The notice must be accompanied by the authorization form for release of protected health information as required under Section 74.052.
. . .
-3- (c) Notice given as provided in this chapter shall toll the applicable statute of limitations to and including a period of 75 days following the giving of the notice, and this tolling shall apply to all parties and potential parties.
TEX .CIV .PRAC.&REM .CODE ANN . § 74.051(a), (c).
Section 74.052 states:
(a) Notice of a health care claim under Section 74.051 must be accompanied by a medical authorization in the form specified by this section. Failure to provide this authorization along with the notice of health care claim shall abate all further proceedings against the physician or health care provider receiving the notice until 60 days following receipt by the physician or health care provider of the required authorization.
(b) If the authorization required by this section is modified or revoked, the physician or health care provider to whom the authorization has been given shall have the option to abate all further proceedings until 60 days following receipt of a replacement authorization that must comply with the form specified by this section.
TEX .CIV .PRAC.&REM .CODE ANN . § 74.052(a), (b).
Appellants argue that the statute of limitations was tolled by their sending of a notice
letter to Dr. Greishop on October 7, 2005 and to the other doctors on December 29, 2005.
Appellee argues that the attached medical authorization form was defective, and as such,
Appellants could not receive the benefit of tolling the statute of limitations.
Statutory construction demands that we carry out the “collective” legislative intent or
purpose. State v. Sanchez, 135 S.W.3d 698, 699 (Tex.App.--Dallas 2003), aff’d, 138 S.W.3d 324
(Tex.Crim.App. 2004). We look first to the language in the statutory text. Lexington Ins. Co. v.
Strayhorn, 209 S.W.3d 83, 85 (Tex. 2006). We rely on the plain meaning of the text unless such
a construction leads to absurd results. City of Rockwall v.
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COURT OF APPEALS EIGHTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS EL PASO, TEXAS
THOMAS A. RABATIN, § INDIVIDUALLY AND AS PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ESTATE § OF MARIA RABATIN, DECEASED, No. 08-07-00138-CV TONY CHACON AND ANDRES § CHACON, Appeal from the § Appellants, County Court at Law Number Three § v. of El Paso County, Texas § (TC# 2007-1949 ) GENARO VAZQUEZ, M.D., §
Appellee. §
OPINION
This is an appeal from a summary judgment based on the statute of limitations of the
Texas Medical Liability Act. Appellants mailed the notice and medical authorization form as
required to toll the statute of limitations, but the authorization form was defective. We reverse
and remand.1
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
Maria Rabatin was admitted to Sierra Medical Center on January 4, 2004, by Dr. Alfonso
1 This is one of three essentially identical opinions involving all the same issues. See Thomas A. Rabatin, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Maria Rabatin, Deceased, Tony Chacon and Andres Chacon v. Joseph Kidd, M.D., Haroutioun Shahinian, M.D., and Neil Grieshop, M.D., 08-07-00137-CV (Tex.App.--El Paso October 23, 2008, no pet.h.) and Thomas A. Rabatin, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Maria Rabatin, Deceased, Tony Chacon and Andres Chacon v. Alfonso Chavez, M.D., 08-07-00139-CV (Tex.App.--El Paso October 23, 2008, no pet.h.). Chavez. She passed away on January 11, 2004, due to a perforated blood vessel during the
insertion of a central line. Appellants sent a notice letter with a medical authorization form to
Dr. Grieshop on October 7, 2005. The authorization form excluded Dr. Chavez’s and other
doctors’ records of treatment that were the basis of the claim, and did not provide the treatment
dates. Appellants sent notice letters with medical authorizations forms to all defendants on
December 29, 2005. This form again excluded the doctors’ records, and did not provide who’s
attorneys or testifying experts could receive the records. The medical authorization form
accompanying the December letter was held to be statutorily noncompliant by the trial court.
Defendant argues that the medical authorization form sent with the October notice letter was
likewise statutorily noncompliant. However, Dr. Shahinian’s attorney was able to use the
December medical authorization form to obtain Mrs. Rabatin’s records from Sierra Medical
Center.
Appellants filed suit on March 20, 2006, more than two years’ after Maria Rabatin’s
death. On June 8, 2006, Appellants provided a statutory compliant medical records authorization
form. On July 13, 2006, the trial court granted Defendants’ motions to abate for sixty days from
the receipt of the compliant authorization form. The trial court granted the Defendants’ motions
for summary judgment.
Appellants raise three issues on appeal. Appellants contend that the trial court erred in
granting the motion for summary judgment because the suit was timely filed, the medical
authorization form violates the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
(HIPAA), and there was a genuine issue of material fact.
DISCUSSION
-2- In Appellants’ first issue, they argue that summary judgment was improperly granted
because the statute of limitations was tolled. Summary judgment is reviewed de novo to
determine whether a party’s right to prevail is established as a matter of law. Capitan
Enterprises, Inc. v. Jackson, 903 S.W.2d 772, 775 (Tex.App.--El Paso 1994, writ denied). A
defendant moving for summary judgment on the affirmative defense of limitations has the burden
to conclusively establish that defense. Torres v. GSC Enterprises, Inc., 242 S.W.3d 553, 561
(Tex.App.--El Paso 2007, no pet.), citing KPMG Peat Marwick v. Harrison County Housing
Finance Corp., 988 S.W.2d 746, 748 (Tex. 1999). The defendant must conclusively prove when
the cause of action accrued and negate the discovery rule if it applies and has been pled or
otherwise raised. Torres, 242 S.W.3d at 561. If the movant establishes that the statute of
limitations bars the action, the non-movant must then adduce summary judgment proof raising a
fact issue in avoidance of the statutes of limitations. Id.
There is a two-year statute of limitations on health care liability claims, which starts from
the occurrence of the breach or tort or from the date the medical or health care treatment that is
the subject of the claim or the hospitalization for which the claim is made is completed.
TEX .CIV .PRAC.&REM .CODE ANN . § 74.251 (Vernon 2005). The medical liability statute’s notice
provision, in pertinent parts, states:
(a) Any person or his authorized agent asserting a health care liability claim shall give written notice of such claim by certified mail, return receipt requested, to each physician or health care provider against whom such claim is being made at least 60 days before the filing of a suit in any court of this state based upon a health care liability claim. The notice must be accompanied by the authorization form for release of protected health information as required under Section 74.052.
. . .
-3- (c) Notice given as provided in this chapter shall toll the applicable statute of limitations to and including a period of 75 days following the giving of the notice, and this tolling shall apply to all parties and potential parties.
TEX .CIV .PRAC.&REM .CODE ANN . § 74.051(a), (c).
Section 74.052 states:
(a) Notice of a health care claim under Section 74.051 must be accompanied by a medical authorization in the form specified by this section. Failure to provide this authorization along with the notice of health care claim shall abate all further proceedings against the physician or health care provider receiving the notice until 60 days following receipt by the physician or health care provider of the required authorization.
(b) If the authorization required by this section is modified or revoked, the physician or health care provider to whom the authorization has been given shall have the option to abate all further proceedings until 60 days following receipt of a replacement authorization that must comply with the form specified by this section.
TEX .CIV .PRAC.&REM .CODE ANN . § 74.052(a), (b).
Appellants argue that the statute of limitations was tolled by their sending of a notice
letter to Dr. Greishop on October 7, 2005 and to the other doctors on December 29, 2005.
Appellee argues that the attached medical authorization form was defective, and as such,
Appellants could not receive the benefit of tolling the statute of limitations.
Statutory construction demands that we carry out the “collective” legislative intent or
purpose. State v. Sanchez, 135 S.W.3d 698, 699 (Tex.App.--Dallas 2003), aff’d, 138 S.W.3d 324
(Tex.Crim.App. 2004). We look first to the language in the statutory text. Lexington Ins. Co. v.
Strayhorn, 209 S.W.3d 83, 85 (Tex. 2006). We rely on the plain meaning of the text unless such
a construction leads to absurd results. City of Rockwall v. Hughes, 246 S.W.3d 621, 625-26
(Tex. 2008). When a statute is unambiguous, it is inappropriate to resort to rules of construction
-4- or extrinsic aids to construe the language. Id. at 626. In construing legislative intent, we may
consider, inter alia, the legislative history, former statutory provisions, and the consequences of a
particular construction. Sides v. Guevara, 247 S.W.3d 293, 297 (Tex.App.--El Paso 2007, no
pet.), citing Helena Chemical Co. v. Wilkins, 47 S.W.3d 486, 493 (Tex. 2001); TEX .GOV ’T CODE
ANN . § 311.023 (Vernon 2005).
The Legislature’s purpose in requiring notice in a medical liability suit is to encourage
pre-suit negotiations, settlement, and reduce litigation costs. Hill v. Russell, 247 S.W.3d 356,
360 (Tex.App.--Austin 2008, no pet.), citing De Checa v. Diagnostic Ctr. Hosp., Inc., 852
S.W.2d 935, 938 (Tex. 1993). We are cognizant of the holding in Hill v. Russell, which stated
only the notice letter is required to toll the statute of limitations, but do not agree with this
reading of the statute. See id. The previous statute required only a notice letter be sent to receive
the benefit of the tolling statute. TEX .REV .CIV .STAT .ANN . art. 4590i, § 4.01(a),(c), repealed by
Act of June 2, 2003, 78th Leg. R.S., Ch. 204, § 10.09, 2003 TEX .GEN .LAWS 847, 884. Article
4590i was replaced effective September 1, 2003, with Section 74.051, and the Legislature added
the medical authorization requirement to the notice section. See TEX .CIV .PRAC.&REM .CODE
ANN . § 74.051(a).
In this case, Appellants sent a notice letter and a authorization form to Dr. Grieshop in
October and to all the defendants in December. However, the authorization forms excluded the
doctors’ records who had treated her within five years of the treatment listed as forming the basis
of the claim including Dr. Chavez, who had admitted her into the hospital, and the December
form also had blank spaces as to who could access the records. Yet Dr. Shahinian’s counsel was
able to obtain records from Sierra Medical Center on his behalf using the December
-5- authorization form. The statute clearly requires that the notice must be accompanied by a
medical authorization form in order to toll the limitations period, which did happen here.
TEX .CIV .PRAC.&REM .CODE ANN . § 74.051(a), (c). When notice is sent to any health care
provider within two years of the claim’s accrual, the limitations period for all defendants is tolled
for seventy-five days. See De Checa, 852 S.W.2d at 938; TEX .CIV .PRAC.&REM .CODE ANN .
§ 74.051(c). Tolling the statute of limitations when a notice letter and medical authorization
form, albeit a improperly filled out form, gives fair warning of a claim and an opportunity to
abate the proceedings for negotiations and evaluation of the claim, which carries out the
Legislature’s intent in enacting the statute. See Hill, 247 S.W.3d at 360.
We hold the notice letter sent with the medical authorization form on October 7, 2005 to
Dr. Grieshop was sufficient to toll the statute of limitations as to all the defendants through
constructive notice while the December 29, 2005 letter and authorization form provided actual
notice to all the defendants. TEX .CIV .PRAC.&REM .CODE ANN . § 74.051(c); See also De Checa,
852 S.W.2d at 938. Appellants’ Issue One is sustained, and as such, we need not address
Appellants’ remaining two issues.
Having sustained Appellants’ Issue One, we reverse and remand the case to the trial court
for further proceedings.2
October 23, 2008 DAVID WELLINGTON CHEW, Chief Justice
Before Chew, C.J., McClure, J., and Ables, Judge Ables, Judge (Sitting by Assignment)
2 Appellants prayed for a consolidation of their causes of action against all Appellees into Cause No. 2006-1296 in County Court at Law Number Three, this request should be made to the trial court upon remand.
-6-