The State of Texas v. Bradley Shavers

CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedJune 4, 2024
Docket05-22-00438-CR
StatusPublished

This text of The State of Texas v. Bradley Shavers (The State of Texas v. Bradley Shavers) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
The State of Texas v. Bradley Shavers, (Tex. Ct. App. 2024).

Opinion

DISSENT and Opinion Filed June 4, 2024

S In The Court of Appeals Fifth District of Texas at Dallas No. 05-22-00438-CR

THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellant V. BRADLEY SHAVERS, Appellee

On Appeal from the County Criminal Court No. 5 Dallas County, Texas Trial Court Cause No. MC19-A6636

DISSENTING OPINION ON DENIAL OF MOTION FOR RECONSIDERATION EN BANC Opinion by Chief Justice Burns, joined by Molberg, Goldstein, Garcia, and Kennedy, JJ.

The panel in this case examined the circumstances surrounding the trial

court’s granting of appellee’s motion for new trial and upheld the habeas court’s

decision to grant relief. State v. Shavers, No. 05-22-00438-CR, 2003 WL 6139453

(Tex. App.—Dallas Sep. 20, 2023, no pet. h.) (not designated for publication). This

case is now before this Court on the State’s motion for en banc reconsideration of

the panel opinion. See TEX. R. APP. P. 41.2, 49.7. I write to express my disagreement with the panel’s opinion, and I dissent

from the full court’s denial of en banc reconsideration. First, because evidence at the

habeas hearing indicates the trial court granted the motion for new trial (Motion)1

for reasons other than a lack of sufficient evidence, and because the record is not

void of evidence of an alternate meaning to the boiler-plate “contrary-to” language

contained in appellee’s Motion, I do not agree the court of criminal appeals’ holding

in Sledge v. State is applicable to this case.2 666 S.W.3d 592 (Tex. Crim. App. 2023).

Consequently, I do not agree with the panel’s remand of the case to the trial court

for entry of a judgment of acquittal.

Additionally, there are other problems with the panel opinion. I do not believe

the habeas court’s finding—that the Motion was filed with the clerk—is supported

by the record; there is no evidence that anyone filed the Motion with the clerk, the

copy of the Motion in the habeas record is not file marked, and no witness testified

he or she filed the Motion. Accordingly, I would not defer to the habeas court’s

finding that the Motion was filed. Moreover, there is substantial evidence that

appellee’s claim is barred by laches—appellee waited over a decade to file his habeas

writ application, he has not offered any justification for his delay, and the State

1 As the panel did in the opinion, I will refer to the single-page document containing both the motion for new trial and the order signed by Judge Fuller granting it—as the Motion. 2 A defendant must be granted a new trial when the verdict is contrary to the law and the evidence. TEX. R. APP. P. 21.03(h). It is common after almost all trials for a boilerplate motion for new trial (identical to the one filed in this case) to be filed after a jury verdict to extend record deadlines. –2– would be highly prejudiced if it were forced to retry this case. And finally, I believe

that the panel’s opinion should be addressed by this Court en banc because its

holding fails to follow controlling precedent—certainly an extraordinary

circumstance that warrants en banc review.

For these reasons, I would grant the State’s motion for en banc consideration.

The court of criminal appeals opinion in Sledge v. State is not applicable to this case.

Unlike the record in Sledge, this record contains abundant evidence of an “alternate meaning” demonstrating the Motion was not a sufficiency challenge.

The State asserts the court of criminal appeals’ opinion in Sledge v. State, 666

S.W.3d 592 (Tex. Crim. App. 2023), does not apply to the facts of this case. I agree.

In Sledge, the court of criminal appeals examined whether an accused may be

tried again for the same offense without violating principles of double jeopardy when

a trial court grants a motion for new trial based only on the bare recitation that the

“the verdict is contrary to the law and evidence.” Id. at 593. The court held such a

bare recital, without more, constitutes a legal sufficiency challenge and only a

sufficiency challenge. Id. at 601. The court pointed out, however, that contrary-to

language in a motion for new trial is not always a challenge to the sufficiency of the

evidence:

[T]his opinion does not stand for the proposition that the language “the verdict is contrary to the law and evidence” always raises a legal sufficiency challenge. Rather, we merely hold that a contrary interpretation cannot be reached beyond the confines of an absent record.

–3– Id. at 602 (emphasis added).

The court of criminal appeals then pointed to opinions in which it held

motions for new trial containing contrary-to language were in fact not challenges to

the sufficiency of the evidence because the records in those cases contained evidence

of alternate meanings to that language. Id. at 601 (citing Ortega v. State, 668 S.W.2d

701, 707 (Tex. Crim. App. 1983) (op. on reh’g), overruled on other grounds by

Malik v. State, 953 S.W.2d 234 (Tex. Crim. App. 1997) (finding the instruction

varied from the proof, making the guilty verdict “contrary to the law and evidence,”

and acquitting as a result); see also Idrogo v. State, 589 S.W.2d 433, 434 (Tex. Crim.

App. 1979) (finding the verdict was contrary to the law where the jury convicted on

an offense not submitted to them in the jury instructions).

The court ultimately held the contrary-to language in the motion for new trial

in Sledge constituted a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence, but only after

the court (1) failed to find any “alternate meaning” to the language after looking

through the record, motion, arguments presented at the hearing, and order; and (2)

failed in its attempt to “infer any alternate meaning” at the time the motion was

granted. Sledge, 666 S.W.3d at 600, 602. Additionally, the court held that a trial

court’s granting of a new trial motion based upon insufficiency grounds violates the

principle of double jeopardy and prevents the trial court from entering any other

judgment than an acquittal. Id. at 601–02.

–4– The language in Sledge demonstrates the court of criminal appeals intended

the opinion be narrowly construed and applied only in cases where the record is void

of any evidence providing an alternate meaning to the contrary-to language. The

court stated, “we stress that our opinion should not be construed to endorse vague

motions for new trial.” Id. at 601. The court also pointed out ‘“this opinion does not

stand for the proposition that the language ‘the verdict is contrary to the law and the

evidence’ always raises a legal sufficiency challenge. Rather, we merely hold that a

contrary interpretation cannot be reached beyond the confines of an absent record.”’

Id. at 602. In sum, the Sledge court instructed appellate courts to find a motion for

new trial containing language “the verdict is contrary to the law and the evidence”

as raising a sufficiency challenge only when the record contains no other possible

interpretation. Id.

The panel in Shavers, in reliance on Sledge, did the exact opposite:

Shavers’ form Motion, like the motion in Sledge, included only the bare recital that he “moves this Judge to grant a new trial for the reason that the verdict is contrary to the law and evidence.” Accordingly, that Motion constituted only a legal sufficiency challenge.

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Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Miller
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State v. Savage
933 S.W.2d 497 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 1996)
Malik v. State
953 S.W.2d 234 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 1997)
Idrogo v. State
589 S.W.2d 433 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 1979)
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855 S.W.2d 692 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 1993)
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868 S.W.2d 318 (Texas Supreme Court, 1994)
Smith v. State
15 S.W.3d 294 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 2000)
Ortega v. State
668 S.W.2d 701 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 1984)
Caldwell v. Barnes
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400 S.W.3d 590 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 2013)
Perez, Ex Parte Alberto Giron
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447 S.W.3d 887 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 2014)
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445 S.W.3d 719 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 2014)
Harvey v. State
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Chakrabarty v. Ganguly
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