Tharp v. Critton

482 N.E.2d 161, 135 Ill. App. 3d 796, 90 Ill. Dec. 454, 1985 Ill. App. LEXIS 2318
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedAugust 13, 1985
DocketNo. 84—785
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 482 N.E.2d 161 (Tharp v. Critton) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Tharp v. Critton, 482 N.E.2d 161, 135 Ill. App. 3d 796, 90 Ill. Dec. 454, 1985 Ill. App. LEXIS 2318 (Ill. Ct. App. 1985).

Opinion

JUSTICE UNVERZAGT

delivered the opinion of the court:

Petitioner, Virginia J. Tharp, appeals for the second time the judgment of the circuit court of Kane County entered on her petition for indemnity filed pursuant to section 247a(4) of the Revenue Act of 1939 (the Act), which section is designed to ameliorate in some instances the harsh consequences of a tax foreclosure. Ill. Rev. Stat. 1979, ch. 120, par. 728a(4).

Petitioner lost her home, located at 825 Royal Lane, Dundee, for nonpayment of real estate taxes for 1975. A tax deed was issued to Michael Lapat on December 21, 1979, after the redemption period expired. After a hearing on the petition, the trial court awarded her $1 as indemnity. On appeal, she asserted that the trial court erred in not awarding indemnity in the amount of the fair cash value of the subject property: $75,000. This court determined that section of the Act required the court to make a two-pronged determination: first, whether the petitioner is “equitably entitled to just compensation” and, second, the amount of such compensation. (In re Application of Kane County Collector (1981), 102 Ill. App. 3d 43, 45.) We determined that the amount of the compensation to be awarded is not discretionary with the court, but is delineated by the statute; i.e., fair cash value of the real estate as of the date that the tax deed issued, less any mortgages or liens thereon. (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1979, ch. 120, par. 728a(4).) Because it was clear that the trial court was concerned with the “equities of the situation” in awarding petitioner $1 as indemnity, we concluded the trial court applied the wrong standards in the case, and we reversed and remanded “for a new trial on the issues.” (In re Application of Kane County Collector (1981), 102 Ill. App. 3d 43, 49.) Petitioner now appeals from the judgment of the circuit court entered upon retrial that she was not entitled to the equity relief sought.

Petitioner contends that (1) the trial court’s denial of indemnity was contrary to the law of the case as established by this court’s first opinion; (2) the denial of indemnity was against the manifest weight of the evidence; and (3) the denial of indemnity frustrates the purpose of the statute and the legislative intent.

Law Of The Case

Petitioner asserts she proved her entitlement to the indemnity to the first trial court and that this court agreed, thereby establishing the law of the case on point one of the two-pronged tests; i.e., “the trial court correctly ruled that the petitioner came within the protection of section 247a(4) of the Revenue Act of 1939.” (In re Application of Kane County Collector (1981), 102 Ill. App. 3d 43, 46.) Consequently, having confined its consideration to the question whether the trial court erred in allowing only a token award which “confirms [her] right to indemnity but gives her no relief,” petitioner contends this court’s determination that the amount of the damages is not discretionary but must be for the loss or damage sustained amounts to a specific finding that the amount of the award to petitioner should have been $75,000, the value of the property as stipulated to by the parties. Petitioner asserts the trial court’s refusal after remand to enter an order awarding her that amount was error. The trial court also refused to grant petitioner’s motion after remand seeking the same relief by way of summary judgment; however, petitioner’s brief contains no argument on that issue and it is not considered here.

As respondent points out, however, it is clear that the thrust of this court’s first opinion was that the trial court had used the wrong approach when it determined that the “equities of the situation” warranted an award of only $1 to petitioner as indemnity. As noted above, we ruled that the trial court should have made a two-pronged determination rather than an award based on the “equities of the situation.” (102 Ill. App. 3d 43, 48.) Because the trial court used the wrong approach in making its decision, its $1 indemnity award was an anomaly, since if the trial court was of the opinion that the petitioner was entitled to indemnity, its award should have reflected the amount of the loss sustained by her. If the trial court did not believe petitioner was entitled to indemnity, no award of any kind would have been warranted. Our determination that petitioner “came within the protection of section 247a(4)” is not synonymous with a finding that petitioner was entitled to indemnity. Our determination in that regard was made in passing favorably on petitioner’s motion to strike respondent’s argument on appeal on the applicability of the amendatory provisions of Public Act 81 — 512 to the cause at bar because respondent failed to file a cross-appeal. Effective January 1, 1980, the amendment in question added to the statute words which “simply add[ed] an additional remedy to another class of persons” (In re Application of the Cook County Treasurer & Ex-Officio Collector (1983), 119 Ill. App. 3d 212, 215), to which class this court determined petitioner belonged. (In re Application of Kane County Collector (1981), 102 Ill. App. 3d 43, 45-46.) Section 247a(4) of the Act, with the added words shown in italics, provides:

“(4) Any owner of real estate sold pursuant to any provision of this Act at a sale held subsequent to September 1, 1970, who without fault or negligence of his own sustains loss or damage by reason of the issuance of a tax deed pursuant to Sections 266 or 266a, and who is barred or in any way precluded from bringing an action for the recovery of such real estate or any owner or [sic] property containing four or less dwelling units who resided thereon the last day of the period of redemption who, in the opinion of the Court which issued the tax deed order, is equitably entitled to just compensation, has the right to indemnity for the loss or damage sustained. Indemnity shall be limited to the fair cash value of the real estate as of the date that the tax deed was issued, less any mortgages or liens thereon.” Ill. Rev. Stat., 1984 Supp., ch. 120, par. 728a(4).

The respondent had argued before the first trial court that the statute as amended by this language did not govern the case since the tax sale was held and the tax deed issued prior to the effective date of the amendatory provision. It is clear, however, that where an amendment is remedial in nature, all rights of action thereunder will be enforceable under the new procedure, without regard to whether they accrued before or after such change of law or whether suit had been instituted or not, unless there is a savings clause as to existing litigation. (Sostak v. Sostak (1983), 113 Ill. App. 3d 954, 960; Maiter v. Chicago Board of Education (1980), 82 Ill. 2d 373, 390, cert. denied (1981), 451 U.S. 921, 68 L. Ed. 2d 312, 101 S. Ct. 2000.) Consequently, this court determined that the petitioner “came within” its protection.

As petitioner argues, it is true that the “law of the case” as decided on a previous appeal is binding on both the trial court and the appellate court in subsequent appeals (Gord Industrial Plastics, Inc. v. Aubrey Manufacturing, Inc. (1984), 127 Ill. App. 3d 589, 591), save, for instance, where in the interim the supreme court decides the precise question contrary to the rule announced in the appellate court. (Relph v. Board of Education (1981), 84 Ill. 2d 436, 443-44 (reversing Hagopian v. Board of Education (1980), 83 Ill. App. 3d 1097.)

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In Re Application of Kane County Collector
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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
482 N.E.2d 161, 135 Ill. App. 3d 796, 90 Ill. Dec. 454, 1985 Ill. App. LEXIS 2318, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/tharp-v-critton-illappct-1985.