Texas Employment Commission v. Manpower, Inc.

795 S.W.2d 261, 1990 Tex. App. LEXIS 1953, 1990 WL 112520
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedAugust 8, 1990
DocketNo. 3-89-193-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 795 S.W.2d 261 (Texas Employment Commission v. Manpower, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Texas Employment Commission v. Manpower, Inc., 795 S.W.2d 261, 1990 Tex. App. LEXIS 1953, 1990 WL 112520 (Tex. Ct. App. 1990).

Opinion

ABOUSSIE, Justice.

This appeal arises from a tax refund suit appellee brought to recover unemployment compensation taxes paid under protest. Tex.Rev.Civ.Stat.Ann. art. 5221b-5 (1987 & Supp.1990).1 Appellee is a corporation formerly named the Parker Pen Company (Parker Pen). During 1986, it sold all of its assets and immediately thereafter acquired by merger all of the assets of its subsidiary, Manpower, Inc.2 Appellee argued at trial that because Parker Pen sold the entirety of its assets to a third corporation before the date it acquired Manpower, Inc., Parker Pen was a successor employer with no experience rating. Appellee thus claimed that for the remainder of 1986 it should have paid unemployment taxes at the rate Manpower, Inc. had been taxed, rather than the rate at which Parker Pen was taxed. Following a bench trial, the trial court rendered judgment for appellee. We hold that Parker Pen was an experience-rated employer on the date of acquisition, and that it could be required to pay contributions for 1986 at its assigned rate of 6.96%. We will reverse the judgment of the trial court and render judgment for appellant.

The case was tried on stipulated facts, and the trial court made findings of fact that are not challenged on appeal. The record reflects that Parker Pen Company was a corporation licensed to do business in Texas that paid contributions to the Unemployment Compensation Fund. Its experience tax rate for 1986 was 6.96%. On January 31, 1986, Parker Pen sold all of its writing instrument business to Parker Pen, U.S.A., Ltd. (an unrelated entity not a party to this cause). After the sale, Parker Pen had no assets, business, or employees in Texas. Parker Pen owned 98.5% of the stock of Manpower, Inc., a subsidiary corporation doing business in Texas and paying contributions to the Unemployment Compensation Fund. Its experience tax rate for 1986 was 2.02%. On February 1, 1986, Parker Pen acquired by merger all of the temporary help service business of Manpower, Inc. Parker Pen was the sur[263]*263viving corporate entity after the merger and thereafter changed its name to Manpower Inc. After February 1st, the only business in which appellee engaged was the temporary help service business.

After the merger, appellant assigned ap-pellee a new account number and assigned appellee to a new Major Group (explained below), but required appellee to pay contributions at the 6.96% rate through December 31, 1986 (thereafter, Manpower Inc.’s contribution rate was 3.54%, as computed October 1, 1986 for calendar year 1987). Appellee paid the contributions under protest.

Appellant conducted a hearing at appel-lee’s request to determine appellee’s correct contribution rate. Appellee claimed that the applicable rate was 2.02%, reflecting Manpower, Inc.’s rating. After exhausting its administrative remedies and being denied any refund, appellee filed suit in the district court for refund of those contributions it alleged were improperly assessed. Tex.Rev.Civ.Stat.Ann. art. 5221b-12(j)(2) (1987). The court rendered judgment for appellee and awarded it the difference between the contributions paid at the assessed rate of 6.96% and the contributions that would have been due had they been assessed at 2.02%.

Until an employer has earned at least four consecutive calendar quarters of compensation experience,3 it is obliged to pay contributions at the rate of either 2.7% of all wages paid, or the rate established for the Major Group to which it is assigned, whichever is greater (appellant must establish by industry an average contribution rate for the immediate succeeding calendar year for each “Major Group” listed in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual prepared by the United States Office of Management and Budget). Article 5221b-5(b), (c)(1). However, the rate at which subsequent contributions are paid to the fund varies. The amount of contributions owed depends largely on the data comprising the employer’s compensation experience record.

By means of a complex statutory formula, appellant annually computes an employer’s experience tax rating for the coming year based in part, under the formula, upon its compensation experience. Contributions at this rate are paid quarterly. Under section (d) of article 5221b-5, October 1st is the date each year on which appellant calculates an employer’s “experience tax rate.” The rate assigned an employer takes effect on the following January 1st and remains in effect for the entire calendar year.

Under section (c)(7)(A) of article 5221b-5, when an employing unit acquires (and continues operating) all of the organization, trade, or business of another employer, the successor employer acquires the predecessor employer’s record of compensation experience in addition to its business. If the successor is an experience-rated employer on the date of the acquisition, it must continue to pay contributions for the remainder of the calendar year at the assigned rate applicable to the successor on that date. However, if the successor employer is not an experience-rated employer on the date of the acquisition, then it must pay contributions until the next rate computation date at the highest rate applicable at the time of the acquisition to any predecessor employer who is a party to the acquisition. There is no immediate recomputation of a successor’s experience tax rate based upon the newly acquired record of compensation experience, although that information will be used in computing the successor’s experience tax rate on the next computation date.

At trial and on appeal, the parties join issue as to whether Parker Pen was an “experience-rated employer” on February 1, 1986. If so, its experience tax rate was 6.96%. The term is not defined anywhere in the Unemployment Compensation Act. The parties agree that Parker Pen had been an experience-rated employer before [264]*264January 31, 1986, and that when it sold its writing instrument business, Parker Pen transferred its record of compensation experience for that business, as well. Appel-lee first argues, and the trial court concluded, that because Parker Pen retained no compensation experience for its writing instrument business, it was no longer an experience-rated employer on the date it acquired both Manpower, Inc.’s business and compensation experience. In effect, appellee argues that Parker Pen necessarily conveyed its experience rating along with its record of experience. Second, ap-pellee contends, and the trial court further concluded, that the statute requiring an experience-rated successor to continue paying contributions for the balance of the year at its compensation experience tax rate does not apply to a successor that has divested itself of the business that generated the compensation experience on which the rate is based, as was the case here. Instead, presumably a successor would be treated as if it were not an experience-rated employer. In either event, appellee claims it would be taxed at the highest rate applicable to any predecessor employer that was a party to the merger, which here was Manpower, Inc. Appellee contends that because it acquired Manpower, Inc.’s compensation experience upon their merger and had no other, appellant could tax appel-lee only at the rate previously applicable to Manpower, Inc.

Appellant agrees that Parker Pen’s compensation experience was transferred to Parker Pen, U.S.A., Ltd., and further agrees that after the merger, appellee’s compensation experience was comprised solely of the compensation experience it acquired from Manpower, Inc.

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Bluebook (online)
795 S.W.2d 261, 1990 Tex. App. LEXIS 1953, 1990 WL 112520, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/texas-employment-commission-v-manpower-inc-texapp-1990.