Taylor v. LSI Corp. of America

796 N.W.2d 153, 2011 Minn. LEXIS 181, 112 Fair Empl. Prac. Cas. (BNA) 30, 2011 WL 1376737
CourtSupreme Court of Minnesota
DecidedApril 13, 2011
DocketNo. A09-1410
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 796 N.W.2d 153 (Taylor v. LSI Corp. of America) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Minnesota primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Taylor v. LSI Corp. of America, 796 N.W.2d 153, 2011 Minn. LEXIS 181, 112 Fair Empl. Prac. Cas. (BNA) 30, 2011 WL 1376737 (Mich. 2011).

Opinion

OPINION

PAGE, Justice.

Respondent LeAnn Taylor’s employment with appellant LSI Corporation of America (LSI) was terminated after her husband was forced to resign his employment as president of LSI. Taylor filed a lawsuit against LSI claiming marital status discrimination in violation of the Minnesota Human Rights Act, Minn.Stat. ch. 363A (2010) (MHRA). The district court granted summary judgment to LSI, dismissing Taylor’s claims on the grounds that existing case law requires a plaintiff claiming “marital status” discrimination to allege that the termination was a “direct attack on the institution of marriage,” which Taylor admits she did not assert. The court of appeals reversed, concluding that the plain language of the MHRA does not require a “direct attack on the institution of marriage” and that remand was necessary because a genuine issue of material fact existed as to whether Taylor had made a prima facie showing of “marital status” discrimination. Taylor v. LSI Corp. of Am., 781 N.W.2d 912, 917 (Minn.App.2010). We granted review and now, for the reasons discussed below, we affirm.

Taylor began her employment with LSI in 1988 as a receptionist/secretary.1 In February 2001, Taylor was promoted to Sales and Marketing Coordinator; in June 2001, she married Gary Taylor, the president of LSI.2 In August 2006, Gary Taylor resigned from LSI, effective August 31. [155]*155Between Gary Taylor’s offer to resign and its effective date, Taylor’s employment was terminated. LSI did not hire anyone to replace Taylor and her duties were reassigned to other employees.

In her complaint, Taylor alleged that she was terminated due to her “marital status,” in violation of MinmStat. § 363A.08, subd. 2 (2010). Section 363A.08, subdivision 2, provides that “it is an unfair employment practice for an employer, because of ... sex [or] marital status ... [to] discharge an employee.” According to Taylor, the chief executive officer of LSI’s parent company told Gary Taylor that he would like to terminate Taylor because “she would be uncomfortable or awkward remaining employed with [LSI] after Mr. Taylor left Defendant’s employ.” She also claims that the CEO told her directly that “due to her husband’s situation ... and the fact that it was likely [the Taylors] were going to have to relocate, [LSI] was eliminating [her] position.” LSI denies that such statements were made regarding Taylor’s termination, and instead claims that Taylor was fired for legitimate business-related reasons.

In January 2009, LSI moved for summary judgment seeking dismissal of Taylor’s lawsuit, arguing that the complaint failed to establish a prima facie case of marital status discrimination because it did not allege that Taylor’s termination was an act “directed at the institution of marriage,” as required by our decision in Cybyske v. Independent School District No. 196, 347 N.W.2d 256, 261 (Minn.1984). Taylor conceded that her termination did not involve a direct attack on the institution of marriage; however, Taylor argued that our decision in Cybyske was overruled by the Legislature’s subsequent amendment of the MHRA to define “marital status” as “protection against discrimination on the basis of the identity, situation, actions, or beliefs of a spouse or former spouse.” MinmStat. § 363A.03, subd. 24 (Minn.2010). The district court granted LSI summary judgment after concluding that it was bound by the court of appeals’ decision in Kepler v. Kordel, Inc., 542 N.W.2d 645 (Minn.App.1996), rev. denied (Minn. Mar. 19, 1996). The district court read this case to require a plaintiff to allege a direct attack on the institution of marriage in order to make out a prima facie case of marital status discrimination. Id.

The court of appeals found the language of the statute to be unambiguous and concluded that the “legislature defined ‘marital status’ to expressly include the ‘identity, situation, [and] actions’ of an employee’s spouse.” Taylor, 781 N.W.2d at 916 (alteration in original). Consequently, the court of appeals concluded that the district court erred by requiring “a direct attack on the institution of marriage” and reversed the grant of summary judgment and remanded to the district court for further proceedings. Id.

The issue presented by the parties in this case is whether “marital status” discrimination as defined in Minn.Stat. § 363A.03, subd. 24, requires a plaintiff to prove that the employer’s action constitutes a direct attack on the institution of marriage. When reviewing a grant of summary judgment, we consider two questions, “whether there are any genuine issues of material fact and whether the lower courts erred in their application of the law.” Cummings v. Koehnen, 568 N.W.2d 418, 420 (Minn.1997). We review questions of statutory interpretation de novo. Eagan Econ. Dev. Auth. v. U-Haul Co. of Minn., 787 N.W.2d 523, 529 (Minn.2010). To interpret a statute, we first assess “whether the statute’s language, on its face, is clear or ambiguous.” Am. Family [156]*156Ins. Grp. v. Schroedl, 616 N.W.2d 273, 277 (Minn.2000). If the law is clear and free from ambiguity, then the plain meaning of the statute’s words controls our interpretation of the statute. Krummenacher v. City of Minnetonka, 783 N.W.2d 721, 726 (Minn.2010) (citing Minn.Stat. § 645.16 (2010)); see also Schroedl, 616 N.W.2d at 277 (stating that we construe “words and phrases according to their plain and ordinary meaning”). We “only look outside the statutory text to ascertain legislative intent if the statute’s language is ambiguous.” Erdman v. Life Time Fitness, Inc., 788 N.W.2d 50, 56 (Minn.2010); see also Minn.Stat. § 645.16.

We conclude that the language of the MHRA, on its face, is unambiguous because it does not lend itself to multiple interpretations or logical inconsistencies in its application. The language of the statute is clear: under Minn.Stat. § 363A.08, subd. 2, an employer cannot discharge an employee “because of ... marital status.” Under Minn.Stat. § 363A.03, subd. 24, “marital status” includes “protection against discrimination on the basis of the identity, situation, actions, or beliefs of a spouse or former spouse.” Reading each term with its “plain and ordinary meaning,” this statute’s language extends protection against marital status discrimination to include the identity of the employee’s spouse and the spouse’s situation, as well as the spouse’s actions and beliefs. Therefore, we conclude, as did the court of appeals, that Minn.Stat. § 363A.08, subd. 2, in conjunction with Minn.Stat. § 363A.03, subd. 24, does not require a plaintiff to show that termination was “directed at the institution of marriage” in order to establish a “marital status” discrimination claim.

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Bluebook (online)
796 N.W.2d 153, 2011 Minn. LEXIS 181, 112 Fair Empl. Prac. Cas. (BNA) 30, 2011 WL 1376737, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/taylor-v-lsi-corp-of-america-minn-2011.