Taylor v. Director

201 F.3d 1234
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit·Decided January 28, 2000·No. No. 98-71004·Published·Cited by 2 cases

Opinion

ALDISERT, Circuit Judge:

Section 33(f) of the Longshore and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act, 33 U.S.C. § 933(f) (“Act” or “LHWCA”), describes the rights and responsibilities of a “person entitled to compensation” who enters into a settlement with a third party. Lois Taylor, widow of Glenn Taylor, the covered worker under the Act, petitions this court for review of a final order of the Benefits Review Board, which credited her late husband’s employer for amounts she received from third-party settlements entered into prior to her husband’s death. The issue that we must decide in this petition for review is whether Petitioner was a “person entitled to compensation” under § 33(f) of the Act when she entered into these third-party settlements. If she was such a person, her late husband’s employer, Plant Shipyard Corporation,1 would be entitled to offset against its death benefit liability the net amount of Petitioner’s recovery from the third parties under § 33(f).2 The Board determined that she was such a person and ruled that Plant was entitled to [1237] the offset. We disagree and grant the petition for review.

Section 33 of the Act governs the interplay between an employer’s LHWCA liability and any tort liability apportioned to third parties responsible for the employment-related condition. Distilled to its essence, § 33 of the Act describes the rights and responsibilities of the “person” and the employer when the person receives compensation for injuries from “some person other than the employer ... [who] is liable in damages.” 33 U.S.C. § 933(a). As we noted in Cretan v. Bethlehem Steel Corp., “[s]ection 33 of the LHWCA establishes a claimant’s right to seek recovery from third parties without fear of being categorically denied compensation or benefits under the Act.” 1 F.3d 843, 846 (9th Cir.1993).

If a person entitled to compensation enters into a third-party settlement for an amount less than the compensation due under LHWCA, then he or she is required to seek the employer’s written approval of the settlement or risk forfeiture of the right to benefits. See Section 33(g) of the Act, 33 U.S.C. § 933(g).3 The purpose of § 33(g) is “to protect the employer against the employee’s entering an inordinately low settlement, which would deprive the employer of a proper set-off under section 33(f).” Cretan, 1 F.3d at 846.

It therefore becomes important to understand the interrelationship between subsections (f) and (g) of 33 U.S.C. § 933. Both subsections (f) and (g) begin with identical language-namely, “[i]f the person entitled to compensation”-which attaches a condition precedent to the operation of each subsection. If the person is not a statutory “person entitled to compensation” under § 33 of the Act, then subsections (f) and (g) do not apply. However, if the person is a “person entitled to compensation” under the Act, then subsections (f) and (g) operate to protect the employer from the person entering into an inordinately low settlement with a third party, see 33 U.S.C. § 933(g), and require the employer to pay only the excess of statutory compensation over the net amount recovered against such third parties, see 33 U.S.C. § 933(f).

The key question for decision here is whether we should give the same interpretation to the phrase “person entitled to compensation” in § 33(f) as did the Supreme Court when it interpreted the same language in § 33(g) in Ingalls Shipbuilding, Inc. v. Director, OWCP [Yates], 519 U.S. 248, 117 S.Ct. 796, 136 L.Ed.2d 736 (1997). In Yates, the Court held that “before an injured worker’s death, the worker’s spouse is not a ‘person entitled to compensation’ for death benefits within the meaning of LHWCA § 33(g), and does not forfeit the right to collect death benefits under the Act for failure to obtain the worker’s employer’s approval of settlements entered into before the worker’s death.” 519 U.S. at 261-262, 117 S.Ct. 796.

The majority of the Board refused to extend the Court’s interpretation of the language “person entitled to compensation” to identical language in § 33(f); one Board member dissented, concluding that Mrs. Taylor was not a “person entitled to compensation” under § 33(f) when she joined the settlement agreements with third parties because her husband was still alive. Petitioner contends that the majority’s decision was error, and she urges us to accept the dissenting Board member’s rationale and, therefore, to extend the Court’s interpretation of the phrase “person entitled to compensation” in § 33(g) to [1238] the credit provision in § 33(f)- The issue is squarely joined and we must meet this question of statutory construction.

The administrative law judge had subject-matter jurisdiction pursuant to 33 U.S.C. § 919(d). The Benefits Review Board had jurisdiction under 33 U.S.C. § 921(b)(3). We have jurisdiction over final Benefits Review Board orders pursuant to 33 U.S.C. § 921(c). Petitioner timely filed her petition for review of the Board’s decision. 33 U.S.C. § 921(c).

The Board’s decisions in LHWCA cases are reviewed for errors of law and adherence to the substantial evidence standard. Duhagon v. Metropolitan Stevedore Co., 169 F.3d 615, 618 (9th Cir. 1999). No special deference is owed to the Board’s interpretation of the Act. Port of Portland v. Director, OWCP, 932 F.2d 836, 838 (9th Cir.1991). Nevertheless, we give considerable weight to the construction of the Act urged by the OWCP Director, who is charged with its administration. Sproull v. Director, OWCP, 86 F.3d 895, 898 (9th Cir.1996).

I.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Taylor v. Director, 201 F.3d 1234 (9th Cir. 2000).

201 F.3d 1234 (Taylor v. Director) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

Related