This opinion will be unpublished and may not be cited except as provided by Minn. Stat. § 480A.08, subd. 3 (2012).
STATE OF MINNESOTA IN COURT OF APPEALS A13-1572
Tamara S. Jamnick, Relator,
vs.
Range Mental Health Center, Inc., Respondent,
Department of Employment and Economic Development, Respondent.
Filed July 7, 2014 Affirmed Larkin, Judge
Department of Employment and Economic Development File No. 31112475-3
Tamara S. Jamnick, Mountain Iron, Minnesota (pro se relator)
Range Mental Health Center, Inc., Virginia, Minnesota (respondent)
Lee B. Nelson, Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development, St. Paul, Minnesota (for respondent department)
Considered and decided by Larkin, Presiding Judge; Worke, Judge; and Stauber,
Judge. UNPUBLISHED OPINION
LARKIN, Judge
In this certiorari appeal, relator challenges an unemployment-law judge’s (ULJ)
determination that she is ineligible for unemployment benefits. Relator claims that she is
eligible for benefits because she quit her employment based on a good reason caused by
her employer. She also challenges the ULJ’s refusal to issue a subpoena for documents
from her employer and contends that her employer gave false testimony. We affirm.
FACTS
Relator Tamara S. Jamnick worked for respondent Range Mental Health Center
Inc. as a human-service technician from July 2008 to April 2013. Jamnick provided in-
home support for adults with disabilities. Range operated three homes: two in Virginia
and one in Hibbing. In the fall of 2012, Jamnick learned that one of the Virginia homes
would close the following spring. Jamnick does not drive and was concerned that she
would be expected to work at the Hibbing location. In her four years with Range,
Jamnick had only been assigned one shift at the Hibbing location, and she traded that
shift with another employee.
In the spring of 2013, Range notified Jamnick that she would be placed “on call”
after the Virginia home closed, which meant that she would not be guaranteed a specific
number of hours per week. Jamnick submitted a letter of resignation on March 20, 2013,
because (1) she assumed that she would be laid off after the Virginia home closed, (2) she
thought it would be easier on Range if she resigned instead of waiting to be laid off, and
(3) she did not have transportation to the Hibbing location. When Jamnick tendered her
2 resignation, she had not yet transitioned to on-call status and the Virginia home had not
closed. Jamnick intended to work until April 10, but Range discharged Jamnick on
April 2.
Jamnick established an unemployment-benefits account with respondent
Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED). DEED determined
that Jamnick was ineligible for unemployment benefits because she quit her employment
without a good reason caused by the employer. Jamnick appealed that determination, and
a ULJ held a de novo evidentiary hearing. The ULJ determined that Jamnick quit her
employment without a good reason caused by the employer and is therefore ineligible to
receive unemployment benefits. Jamnick requested reconsideration, and the ULJ
affirmed her decision. This certiorari appeal follows.
DECISION
On certiorari review, this court may reverse or modify a ULJ’s decision
if the substantial rights of the petitioner may have been prejudiced because the findings, inferences, conclusion, or decision are: (1) in violation of constitutional provisions; (2) in excess of the statutory authority or jurisdiction of the department; (3) made upon unlawful procedure; (4) affected by other error of law; (5) unsupported by substantial evidence in view of the entire record as submitted; or (6) arbitrary or capricious.
Minn. Stat. § 268.105, subd. 7(d) (2012).
An applicant who quits employment is ineligible for unemployment benefits,
subject to certain exceptions. Minn. Stat. § 268.095, subd. 1 (2012). One such exception
is if “the applicant quit the employment because of a good reason caused by the
3 employer.” Id., subd. 1(1). A good reason to quit caused by an employer “is a reason:
(1) that is directly related to the employment and for which the employer is responsible;
(2) that is adverse to the worker; and (3) that would compel an average, reasonable
worker to quit and become unemployed rather than remaining in the employment.” Id.,
subd. 3(a) (2012). “Notification of discharge in the future, including a layoff because of
lack of work, is not considered a good reason caused by the employer for quitting.” Id.,
subd. 3(e) (2012).
An employee’s reason for quitting employment is an issue of fact for the ULJ. See
Embaby v. Dep’t of Jobs & Training, 397 N.W.2d 609, 611 (Minn. App. 1986) (stating
that “the reason for an employee’s separation [from employment] is a factual
determination”). But whether that reason constitutes “a good reason caused by the
employer” is a legal question, which this court reviews de novo. Peppi v. Phyllis
Wheatley Cmty. Ctr., 614 N.W.2d 750, 752 (Minn. App. 2000).
I.
Jamnick argues that she quit based on a good reason caused by her employer
because (1) Range changed her status to on call, which caused her to believe that she
would not “get any shifts” and (2) she would have had to pay for a cab ride to Hibbing if
Range assigned her shifts at that location. But when Jamnick resigned, she had not yet
transitioned to on-call status and she did not know when the transition would occur.
Thus, Jamnick’s contention that she quit because she was placed on call and would not
receive any shifts is unavailing. And although “[g]enerally, a substantial pay reduction
gives an employee good cause for quitting,” Thao v. Command Ctr., Inc., 824 N.W.2d 1,
4 5 (Minn. App. 2012) (quotation omitted), any reduction in Jamnick’s hours and
associated compensation was speculative when Jamnick quit.
Jamnick’s concern regarding increased commuting expenses was also speculative
because when Jamnick quit, the Virginia home had not closed and she had not been
assigned any future shifts at the Hibbing location. Moreover, “transportation is usually
considered the problem of the employee, in the absence of evidence to the contrary.”
Werner v. Med. Prof’ls LLC, 782 N.W.2d 840, 844 (Minn. App. 2010) (quotation
omitted), review denied (Minn. Aug. 10, 2010).
In sum, because Jamnick’s reasons for quitting were based on speculation, they
would not compel an average, reasonable worker to quit and become unemployed rather
than remain in the employment. The ULJ therefore correctly determined that Jamnick
did not quit her employment because of a good reason caused by Range.
II.
Jamnick also challenges the ULJ’s denial of her request to subpoena “the staff
schedule” for March, April, and May 2013 to show that “being on-call means no
scheduled shifts” and that “other employees had [therefore] quit.” “[W]hether to issue a
subpoena . . . is within a ULJ’s sound discretion and we will not reverse the decision
absent an abuse of discretion.” Icenhower v.
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This opinion will be unpublished and may not be cited except as provided by Minn. Stat. § 480A.08, subd. 3 (2012).
STATE OF MINNESOTA IN COURT OF APPEALS A13-1572
Tamara S. Jamnick, Relator,
vs.
Range Mental Health Center, Inc., Respondent,
Department of Employment and Economic Development, Respondent.
Filed July 7, 2014 Affirmed Larkin, Judge
Department of Employment and Economic Development File No. 31112475-3
Tamara S. Jamnick, Mountain Iron, Minnesota (pro se relator)
Range Mental Health Center, Inc., Virginia, Minnesota (respondent)
Lee B. Nelson, Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development, St. Paul, Minnesota (for respondent department)
Considered and decided by Larkin, Presiding Judge; Worke, Judge; and Stauber,
Judge. UNPUBLISHED OPINION
LARKIN, Judge
In this certiorari appeal, relator challenges an unemployment-law judge’s (ULJ)
determination that she is ineligible for unemployment benefits. Relator claims that she is
eligible for benefits because she quit her employment based on a good reason caused by
her employer. She also challenges the ULJ’s refusal to issue a subpoena for documents
from her employer and contends that her employer gave false testimony. We affirm.
FACTS
Relator Tamara S. Jamnick worked for respondent Range Mental Health Center
Inc. as a human-service technician from July 2008 to April 2013. Jamnick provided in-
home support for adults with disabilities. Range operated three homes: two in Virginia
and one in Hibbing. In the fall of 2012, Jamnick learned that one of the Virginia homes
would close the following spring. Jamnick does not drive and was concerned that she
would be expected to work at the Hibbing location. In her four years with Range,
Jamnick had only been assigned one shift at the Hibbing location, and she traded that
shift with another employee.
In the spring of 2013, Range notified Jamnick that she would be placed “on call”
after the Virginia home closed, which meant that she would not be guaranteed a specific
number of hours per week. Jamnick submitted a letter of resignation on March 20, 2013,
because (1) she assumed that she would be laid off after the Virginia home closed, (2) she
thought it would be easier on Range if she resigned instead of waiting to be laid off, and
(3) she did not have transportation to the Hibbing location. When Jamnick tendered her
2 resignation, she had not yet transitioned to on-call status and the Virginia home had not
closed. Jamnick intended to work until April 10, but Range discharged Jamnick on
April 2.
Jamnick established an unemployment-benefits account with respondent
Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED). DEED determined
that Jamnick was ineligible for unemployment benefits because she quit her employment
without a good reason caused by the employer. Jamnick appealed that determination, and
a ULJ held a de novo evidentiary hearing. The ULJ determined that Jamnick quit her
employment without a good reason caused by the employer and is therefore ineligible to
receive unemployment benefits. Jamnick requested reconsideration, and the ULJ
affirmed her decision. This certiorari appeal follows.
DECISION
On certiorari review, this court may reverse or modify a ULJ’s decision
if the substantial rights of the petitioner may have been prejudiced because the findings, inferences, conclusion, or decision are: (1) in violation of constitutional provisions; (2) in excess of the statutory authority or jurisdiction of the department; (3) made upon unlawful procedure; (4) affected by other error of law; (5) unsupported by substantial evidence in view of the entire record as submitted; or (6) arbitrary or capricious.
Minn. Stat. § 268.105, subd. 7(d) (2012).
An applicant who quits employment is ineligible for unemployment benefits,
subject to certain exceptions. Minn. Stat. § 268.095, subd. 1 (2012). One such exception
is if “the applicant quit the employment because of a good reason caused by the
3 employer.” Id., subd. 1(1). A good reason to quit caused by an employer “is a reason:
(1) that is directly related to the employment and for which the employer is responsible;
(2) that is adverse to the worker; and (3) that would compel an average, reasonable
worker to quit and become unemployed rather than remaining in the employment.” Id.,
subd. 3(a) (2012). “Notification of discharge in the future, including a layoff because of
lack of work, is not considered a good reason caused by the employer for quitting.” Id.,
subd. 3(e) (2012).
An employee’s reason for quitting employment is an issue of fact for the ULJ. See
Embaby v. Dep’t of Jobs & Training, 397 N.W.2d 609, 611 (Minn. App. 1986) (stating
that “the reason for an employee’s separation [from employment] is a factual
determination”). But whether that reason constitutes “a good reason caused by the
employer” is a legal question, which this court reviews de novo. Peppi v. Phyllis
Wheatley Cmty. Ctr., 614 N.W.2d 750, 752 (Minn. App. 2000).
I.
Jamnick argues that she quit based on a good reason caused by her employer
because (1) Range changed her status to on call, which caused her to believe that she
would not “get any shifts” and (2) she would have had to pay for a cab ride to Hibbing if
Range assigned her shifts at that location. But when Jamnick resigned, she had not yet
transitioned to on-call status and she did not know when the transition would occur.
Thus, Jamnick’s contention that she quit because she was placed on call and would not
receive any shifts is unavailing. And although “[g]enerally, a substantial pay reduction
gives an employee good cause for quitting,” Thao v. Command Ctr., Inc., 824 N.W.2d 1,
4 5 (Minn. App. 2012) (quotation omitted), any reduction in Jamnick’s hours and
associated compensation was speculative when Jamnick quit.
Jamnick’s concern regarding increased commuting expenses was also speculative
because when Jamnick quit, the Virginia home had not closed and she had not been
assigned any future shifts at the Hibbing location. Moreover, “transportation is usually
considered the problem of the employee, in the absence of evidence to the contrary.”
Werner v. Med. Prof’ls LLC, 782 N.W.2d 840, 844 (Minn. App. 2010) (quotation
omitted), review denied (Minn. Aug. 10, 2010).
In sum, because Jamnick’s reasons for quitting were based on speculation, they
would not compel an average, reasonable worker to quit and become unemployed rather
than remain in the employment. The ULJ therefore correctly determined that Jamnick
did not quit her employment because of a good reason caused by Range.
II.
Jamnick also challenges the ULJ’s denial of her request to subpoena “the staff
schedule” for March, April, and May 2013 to show that “being on-call means no
scheduled shifts” and that “other employees had [therefore] quit.” “[W]hether to issue a
subpoena . . . is within a ULJ’s sound discretion and we will not reverse the decision
absent an abuse of discretion.” Icenhower v. Total Auto., Inc., 845 N.W.2d 849, 853
(Minn. App. 2014), pet. for review filed (Minn. May 29, 2014).
At the time of the hearing, the ULJ had “authority to . . . issue subpoenas to
compel the attendance of witnesses and the production of documents and other personal
property considered necessary as evidence in connection with the subject matter of an
5 evidentiary hearing.” 2014 Minn. Laws ch. 251, art. 2, § 25(a) (repealing Minn. Stat.
§ 268.105, subd. 4 (2012)). “A request for a subpoena may be denied if the testimony or
documents sought would be irrelevant, immaterial, or unduly cumulative or repetitious.”
Minn. R. 3310.2914, subp. 1.
The ULJ denied Jamnick’s subpoena request because “none of the information
requested would change the decision.” We agree. It is irrelevant whether other
employees were scheduled to work or had quit their employment at Range. The relevant
inquiry concerns the work that was available to Jamnick at Range when she quit. And
“the testimony . . . was clear” that Jamnick “still had shifts scheduled at the time that she
quit.” Because the requested documents would have been irrelevant or immaterial, the
ULJ did not abuse her discretion by denying Jamnick’s subpoena request.
III.
Lastly, Jamnick argues that Range provided “false testimony” by stating that her
last day of work was April 10. Jamnick contends that her last day of work was April 2.
But to prevail on certiorari review, a relator must show her substantial rights were
prejudiced. See Minn. Stat. § 268.105, subd. 7(d). Jamnick was not prejudiced by her
employer’s alleged false testimony because the ULJ found that her last day of work was
Moreover, regardless of Range’s testimony regarding Jamnick’s last day, the ULJ
correctly determined the dates of Jamnick’s discharge and quit under statute. See Minn.
Stat. § 268.095, subd. 5(b) (2012) (stating that if an employee is discharged “within 30
calendar days before the intended date of quitting, then, as of the intended date of
6 quitting, the separation from employment is considered a quit from employment”).
Jamnick intended to work until April 10, but Range discharged her on April 2. Thus,
Jamnick quit on April 10, and the period between April 2 and April 10 is considered a
discharge. See id. In sum, even if the challenged testimony was false, Jamnick was not
prejudiced by the testimony and it therefore does not provide a basis for reversal.
Affirmed.