Syzbist v. Crissman (In re Cosper)

106 B.R. 377, 1989 Bankr. LEXIS 1880
CourtDistrict Court, M.D. Pennsylvania
DecidedOctober 27, 1989
DocketBankruptcy No. 5-87-00559; Adv. No. 5-88-0040
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 106 B.R. 377 (Syzbist v. Crissman (In re Cosper)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, M.D. Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Syzbist v. Crissman (In re Cosper), 106 B.R. 377, 1989 Bankr. LEXIS 1880 (M.D. Pa. 1989).

Opinion

OPINION AND ORDER

THOMAS C. GIBBONS, Bankruptcy Judge:

This proceeding is before the Court on a motion requesting summary judgment filed by the defendant, M. Wayne Crissman (hereinafter “Defendant”). For the reasons provided herein, we grant Defendant’s Motion for Summary Judgment.

On or about April 26, 1988, Charles A. Szybist, Trustee to the above captioned bankruptcy (hereinafter “Plaintiff”) filed a complaint to set aside a judgment lien as a preferential transfer pursuant to § 547 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. The Defendant filed an answer which substantially admits the factual allegations of the complaint but raises a number of affirmative defenses. At the time of the hearing on this matter, the parties filed a stipulation of facts which can be summarized as follows:

1. On December 30,1986, the defendant entered a default judgment against Robert G. Cosper, Jr. trading and doing business as Muskateer Lumber Company in the Court of Common Pleas of McKean County docketed to 1413-C-1986 in the approximate amount of $47,000.

2. On or about June 4, 1987; the debtors, Robert G. Cosper, Jr. and Julie Cosper (hereinafter “debtors”) owned approximately 9.25 acres of real estate in Foster Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania, property held as tenants by the entireties.

3. . On or about June 4,1987, the debtors executed a deed transferring this property [379]*379from both debtors’ names to Robert G. Cosper, Jr., individually. No consideration was paid to either Robert G. Cosper, Jr. or Julie Cosper at the time of execution and transfer of the deed.

4. The deed conveying the real estate to Robert G. Cosper, Jr. was recorded in the Recorder of Deeds Office in and for McKe-an County, Pennsylvania, on Monday, June 8, 1987.

5. Thereafter, Defendant filed a Prae-cipe for Revival of a Judgment in the amount of $47,000 on June 10, 1987.

6. On September 4, 1987, debtors filed the instant Chapter 7 bankruptcy case.

7. Subsequent to the filing of the bankruptcy and in December of 1987, the Trustee sold the real estate at public auction for $44,000 pursuant to a court order authorizing the sale free and clear of liens with the liens to attach to the proceeds of the sale.

The parties also agreed to further stipulations which are more properly labeled as stipulations of law as opposed to those of fact. The stipulations of law made by the parties are as follows:

1. The defendant, who previously had no lien position against the real estate when it was held by the entireties obtained a first lien position against the real estate as a result of the deed transfer and the judgment revival. The transfer and judgment revival had the effect of benefiting the defendant by giving him a lien judgment position that he did not previously enjoy or hold.

2. The judgment revival had the effect of giving the defendant a lien on account of an antecedent debt, namely, the $47,000 judgment docketed to 1413-0-1986.

3. The debtors, at the time of the transfer of the real estate, and at the time that the judgment was revived in June of 1987, were insolvent.

4. If the trustee prevails in this preferential transfer case, the defendant would receive only his pro rata share along with other general creditors and would, in fact, be subordinate to certain claim priorities of the IRS.

In short, a review of the stipulation of facts and law between the parties reflects that they have substantially agreed that almost all of the requirements necessary to establish a preferential transfer under § 547(b) have been met. Section 547(b) provides as follows:

(b) Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, the trustee may avoid any transfer of an interest of the debtor in property
(1) to or for the benefit of a creditor;
(2) for or on account of an antecedent debt owed by the debtor before such transfer was made;
(3) made while the debtor was insolvent;
(4) made
(A) on or within 90 days before the date of the filing of the petition; or
(B) between ninety days and one year before the date of the filing of the petition, if such creditor at the time of such transfer was an insider; and
(5) that enable such creditor to receive more than such creditor would if
(A) the case were a case under chapter 7 of this title;
(B) the transfer had not been made; and
(C) such creditor received payment of such debt to the extent provided by the provisions of this title.

The controversy concerns whether or not the recording of the deed and/or the revival of the judgment constitute a “transfer” within 90 days prior to the filing of the bankruptcy. The trustee’s position is that the filing of the deed constitutes a “transfer” as contemplated by § 547(b) and, therefore, the transfer of the real estate took place within 90 days prior to the filing of the bankruptcy. Defendant responds that while the transfer became perfected within 90 days of the filing of the bankruptcy, it relates back to the initial execution of the deed which occurred outside of the 90 day period. Surprisingly, neither party presented much argument concerning whether or not the revival of the judgment was a preferential transfer. Regardless, this court must determine whether or [380]*380not either the recording of the deed or the revival of the judgment, both of which took place within 90 days prior to bankruptcy, effectuated a preferential transfer under § 547(b).

DISCUSSION

In December of 1986, at the time the defendant obtained his judgment for $47,000 against the male debtor, Robert G. Cosper, Jr., individually, the real estate owned by the debtors in Foster Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania, was held by them as tenants by the entireties. Neither party disputes that at the time the defendant obtained his judgment it neither attached as a lien to the real estate nor could the defendant execute against the real estate in satisfaction of the judgment. See Ladner on Conveyancing in Pennsylvania with Forms, Revised 4th Ed., Chapter 16; McGary v. Lewis, 384 Pa. 173, 119 A.2d 497 (1956). A tenancy by the entireties cannot exist unless the unities of interest, title, time and possession are present at the same time. See In re Gorski, 85 B.R. 371 (Bankr.W.D.Pa.1988) citing 18 P.L.E. Husband and Wife, § 6 (1959). It further follows that the tenancy by the entireties can be severed and destroyed by mutual agreement of a husband and wife. See In re Gorski, supra, citing Runco v. Ostroski, 361 Pa. 593, 65 A.2d 399 (1949) and Sparrow v. Mowers, 315 Pa. 460, 173 A. 273 (1934); Fascione v. Fascione, 272 Pa.Super. 530, 416 A.2d 1023 (1979). Therefore, in June of 1987, when the debtors executed the deed conveying the real estate to the husband’s name alone, the tenancy by the entireties was severed.

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106 B.R. 377, 1989 Bankr. LEXIS 1880, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/syzbist-v-crissman-in-re-cosper-pamd-1989.