Sykes v. Roth

101 A.D.3d 1673, 956 N.Y.2d 758

• Court: Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
• Decided: December 21, 2012
• Status: Published

Opinion

Memorandum: Plaintiff commenced this personal injury action alleging that defendant is liable for injuries she sustained as the result of the presence of lead paint in an apartment her mother rented from defendant from plaintiffs birth until she was two years of age. Supreme Court properly denied that part of plaintiffs cross motion seeking partial summary judgment on liability, including the issues of “notice, negligence and causation.” Even assuming, arguendo, that plaintiff met her initial burden of establishing as a matter of law that defendant had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition and thus that defendant was negligent, we conclude that defendant raised an issue of fact whether he had notice of the presence of the lead paint on an exterior, second-floor porch, which he subsequently removed at the direction of the Monroe County Department of Health (DOH) {see generally Chapman v Silber, 97 NY2d 9, 15 [2001]). We reject plaintiffs contention that, pursuant to Real Property Law § 235-b, there is a presumption that defendant had notice of the dangerous condition. That section provides that, when entering into a lease agreement, the landlord warrants that the premises are habitable; it does not constitute “controlling legislation” warranting a determination that defendant had notice of the dangerous condition (Chapman,, 97 NY2d at 15).

We conclude however, that the court erred in denying that part of plaintiffs cross motion seeking to dismiss the second affirmative defense insofar as it alleges that plaintiff failed to mitigate her damages prior to the time she could be held responsible for her actions (see Cunningham v Anderson, 85 AD3d 1370, 1372 [2011], lv dismissed in part and denied in part 17 NY3d 948 [2011]; M.F. v Delaney, 37 AD3d 1103, 1104-1105 [2007]), and the third affirmative defense insofar as it alleges culpable conduct on the part of plaintiffs mother, which sounds in negligent parental supervision (see M.F., 37 AD3d at 1105; Ward v Bianco, 16 AD3d 1155, 1156 [2005]).

Defendant’s cross appeal from that part of the order denying his motion to preclude the admission of computer records from the DOH is dismissed. Because the pretrial ruling does not limit a theory of liability, but only determines the admissibility of evidence, that part of the order is not appealable (see Miller Brick Co. v Stark Ceramics, 2 AD3d 1341, 1342-1343 [2003]; see also Mayes v Zawolik, 55 AD3d 1386, 1387 [2008]). Present — Scudder, P.J., Fahey, Carni, Lindley and Sconiers, JJ.