Sudduth v. State

562 So. 2d 67, 1990 WL 67355
CourtMississippi Supreme Court
DecidedApril 25, 1990
Docket07-KA-58931
StatusPublished
Cited by121 cases

This text of 562 So. 2d 67 (Sudduth v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Mississippi Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sudduth v. State, 562 So. 2d 67, 1990 WL 67355 (Mich. 1990).

Opinion

562 So.2d 67 (1990)

Doyle SUDDUTH
v.
STATE of Mississippi.

No. 07-KA-58931.

Supreme Court of Mississippi.

April 25, 1990.

*68 Richard P. Ballard, Louisville, for appellant.

Mike C. Moore, Atty. Gen., Jack B. Lacy, Jr., Sp. Asst. Atty. Gen., Jackson, for appellee.

Before ROY NOBLE LEE, C.J., and PITTMAN and BLASS, JJ.

BLASS, Justice, for the Court:

This case involves the murder of a 76 year old black woman. The victim was stabbed in the abdomen and neck, and her dead body was found on her living room floor with an orange in her mouth and a glass vase in her vagina. Doyle Sudduth was tried and convicted for this murder, and the jury sentenced him to a term of life imprisonment. On appeal, Sudduth assigned the following as error in the trial court below:

I. THE COURT ERRED IN ADMITTING INTO EVIDENCE THIRTY-FOUR COLOR PHOTOGRAPHIC SLIDES DEPICTING THE CRIME SCENE WHERE THE SLIDE PICTURES WERE NOT RELEVANT, IN NO WAY TENDING TO CONNECT THE DEFENDANT TO THE CRIME, BUT SERVED SOLELY TO INFLAME *69 THE MINDS OF THE JURORS AND UNDULY PREJUDICED THE ACCUSED.
II. THE COURT ERRED IN ALLOWING THE TESTIMONY OF JESSIE JAMES CUNNINGHAM, ROBERT BINGHAM AND ROBERT CARR AS TO AN ALLEGED CONFESSION OF THE DEFENDANT.
III. THE COURT ERRED IN OVERRULING APPELLANT'S MOTION TO STRIKE THE JURY PANEL ON THE GROUND THAT THE STATE IMPERMISSIBLY USED ITS PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES TO STRIKE ALL MEMBERS OF APPELLANT'S RACE, THE BLACK JURORS.
IV. THE COURT ERRED IN OVERRULING THE DEFENDANT'S MOTION FOR A DIRECTED VERDICT AND MOTION FOR A NEW TRIAL ON THE GROUNDS THAT THE EVIDENCE PRESENTED BY THE STATE WAS WHOLLY INADEQUATE TO SUPPORT A CONVICTION. THE COURT FURTHER ERRED IN REFUSING TO GRANT DEFENDANT'S INSTRUCTION D-1.

In addressing the first assignment of error, we find that the trial court did not err in admitting the color photographs into evidence. Thirty-four slides were marked for identification, but only twenty-nine were actually admitted into evidence. The slides were more probative than prejudicial in this case. Miss.R.Evid. 403.

The defendant claims to have observed the victim's body only briefly after entering the victim's living room behind a police officer. The living room where the victim's body was found was dark, because the drapes were closed. Nonetheless, the record reveals that the defendant described the injuries of the victim in detail to a witness the day after the body was found. The defendant also described the type of glass object that was inserted into the victim's vagina as being a vase and not a bottle. The Defendant illustrated the size of the vase using one of the witness's own vases. Defendant also described the victim as having an orange in her mouth when her dead body was found.

Additionally, the victim's clothes were pulled up around her neck, and down below her waist. However, defendant claimed to have been able to describe the area of the victim's stab wounds to a witness after only this brief observation of the victim's body in a dim room.

The slides revealed to the jury the scene of the crime when the lights in the living room were on, and the injuries were still not clearly visible. The slides did depict that the victim was clearly injured, but one would not be able to describe the wounds in number or cause from the photographs.

The slides revealed that a safety pin in the victim's bra was unfastened. Other testimony revealed that the victim kept her money in a pouch pinned to her bra. Defendant's knife was determined to have human blood on it, and the victim was stabbed to death. See Stringer v. State, 548 So.2d 125, 134 (Miss. 1989) (this Court has approved admitting photographs to show "the force and violence" a shotgun would cause, as opposed to a pistol or handgun). Defendant was seen by one witness buying oranges at a grocery store on January 2, 1987, and the victim's body was found with an orange stuffed into her mouth. No money was found in the victim's house after the murder, and her gun was gone. On the night after the murder was estimated to have occurred, Defendant was seen at a cafe with an unusually large sum of money.

A review of our case law reveals that the admission of photographs into evidence is within the discretion of the trial judge, and such admission will be upheld on appeal absent a showing of an abuse of that discretion. Davis v. State, 551 So.2d 165, 173 (Miss. 1989); Jackson v. State, 527 So.2d 654, 657 (Miss. 1988); Alford v. State, 508 So.2d 1039, 1041 (Miss. 1987). If photographs are relevant, the mere fact that they are unpleasant or gruesome is no bar to their admission in evidence. Davis, 551 So.2d at 173; Boyd v. State, 523 So.2d 1037, 1040 (Miss. 1988).

*70 However, photographs of the victim should not ordinarily be admitted into evidence where the killing is not contradicted or denied, and the corpus delicti and the identity of the deceased have been established. Davis, 551 So.2d at 173; Shearer v. State, 423 So.2d 824, 827 (Miss. 1982). Photographs of bodies may nevertheless be admitted into evidence in criminal cases where they have probative value and where they are not so gruesome or used in such a way as to be overly prejudicial or inflammatory. Davis, 551 So.2d at 173; Griffin v. State, 504 So.2d 186, 191 (Miss. 1987); Miss.R.Evid. 403.

In this case the slides were relevant to the issue of the defendant's knowledge of the crime in such detail. Defendant saw the victim's body in a dark room, and he was able to describe the body in more detail than any one else who saw the body under the same conditions. The slides are admittedly unpleasant,[1] however, the fact that they are unpleasant is no bar to their admission. Davis, 551 So.2d at 173. We find that the trial judge did not abuse his discretion, and that this assignment of error is without merit.

Assignment of error II is without merit. The trial court did not err in allowing Jessie James Cunningham, Robert Bingham, and Robert Carr to testify regarding an out of court statement, or admission, of defendant. The statement of defendant was admissible and under Miss. R.Evid. 801(d)(2), the statement did not constitute hearsay. Rule 801(d)(2) provides that the following is not hearsay:

(2) Admission by Party-Opponent. The statement is offered against a party and is (A) his own statement, in either his individual or a representative capacity or (B) a statement of which he has manifested his adoption or belief in its truth, or (C) a statement by a person authorized by him to make a statement concerning the subject, or (D) a statement by his agent or servant concerning a matter within the scope of his agency or employment, made during the existence of the relationship, or (E) a statement by a co-conspirator of a party during the course and in furtherance of the conspiracy.

Defendant's argument in support of this assignment of error is directed to the weight of the evidence and credibility of the witnesses who testified as to defendant's admission, because the witnesses were convicts. The convict witnesses say they heard the statement of the defendant, to which they testified, while in jail. However, every person is competent to be a witness except as restricted by Miss. Code Ann. § 13-1-7

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Bluebook (online)
562 So. 2d 67, 1990 WL 67355, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sudduth-v-state-miss-1990.