Suarez v. Benihana National of Florida Corp.

88 So. 3d 349, 2012 WL 1605268, 2012 Fla. App. LEXIS 7208
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedMay 9, 2012
DocketNo. 3D11-1626
StatusPublished
Cited by15 cases

This text of 88 So. 3d 349 (Suarez v. Benihana National of Florida Corp.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Suarez v. Benihana National of Florida Corp., 88 So. 3d 349, 2012 WL 1605268, 2012 Fla. App. LEXIS 7208 (Fla. Ct. App. 2012).

Opinion

EMAS, J.

This is an appeal from an order of the trial court dismissing with prejudice Appellants’ second amended complaint, based upon a finding that Appellants perpetrated a fraud upon the court. For the following reasons, we reverse.

Appellants, Jose Suarez and Anais Suarez, filed a complaint (subsequently amended twice) against Benihana National of Florida Corporation (“Benihana”) seeking damages for severe injuries they (and the four-year-old daughter of Anais Suarez) allegedly sustained when they were attacked and beaten by at least three other patrons at the Benihana restaurant. The operative complaint alleged that Ben-ihana was negligent in failing to provide adequate security at the restaurant.

The incident occurred at the Benihana restaurant on August 4, 2006. Appellants had finished eating at the restaurant and were waiting outside for the valet to bring their car when they were confronted by one of the attackers. A verbal altercation initially began between Jose Suarez and one of the attackers. This initial verbal altercation appeared to have ended, but was later renewed when two other individuals came out of the restaurant, joined their friend (the first attacker), and verbally confronted Jose Suarez again. The verbal confrontation soon escalated into a physical altercation, during which Appellants were beaten by the three men. As a i’esult of the incident, the three men were arrested and charged with felonies arising out of the assault and battery upon Appellants. In January of 2007, each of the Appellants was deposed by the attorneys representing the defendants in the criminal proceeding. Those depositions were transcribed and were a part of the file maintained by the Clerk of Courts in the criminal proceeding.

[351]*351In June of 2009, nearly three years after the incident, Appellants commenced their civil action against Benihana. In February of 2011, more than four years after the depositions were taken in the criminal case, Appellants were deposed by attorneys representing Benihana in the civil action.

During the course of the 2011 civil deposition, Jose Suarez gave answers which contradicted some of the answers he provided in his 2007 criminal deposition. The inconsistencies of Jose Suarez, as detailed by the trial court in its dismissal order, are set forth below:

— In his criminal deposition, Jose Suarez testified that he “had a drink” the night of the incident. In his civil deposition he testified that he “did not drink alcohol that night.”

— In his criminal deposition, Jose Suarez testified he acknowledged using profanity when talking to the attackers. In his civil deposition, he testified he never used profanity.

— In his criminal deposition, Jose Suarez testified that before the attacker began punching him, the attacker was “patting me on the chest.” In his civil deposition, he testified that the first physical contact was when the attacker punched him.

— In his criminal deposition, Jose Suarez testified that when the attacker punched him “I punched him back.” In his civil deposition, he testified that “I did nothing to cause or contribute to the fight.” 1

— In his criminal deposition, Jose Suarez testified that one of the attackers asked him “Do you want to fight? Let’s go across the street.” In response, Jose Suarez told the attacker “No, let’s do this right here.” In his civil deposition he testified that, in response to the attacker’s question he replied “I’m not moving from here. I’m not going anywhere.”2

— In his criminal deposition he testified “I go to fight him.” In his civil deposition he testified that he never suggested that he was willing to fight them.3

Anais Suarez also gave a deposition in both the criminal and civil cases. She attended the civil deposition of Jose Suarez and was present during his questioning [352]*352by the attorney for Benihana.4 Her civil deposition was taken a week later and lasted three hours. At the end of her deposition, she was asked whether there was anything incomplete or inaccurate about the four and one-half hour deposition testimony Jose Suarez had given a week earlier. She answered: “Only the birth dates [of family members].”

Further, in her criminal deposition, Anais Suarez testified that Jose Suarez told the initial attacker: “We’ll go across the street and I’ll fight you there.” In her civil deposition, she testified that Jose Suarez never said he would fight them.5

This is the sum and substance of the alleged inconsistencies given by Anais Suarez in her two depositions.6

Based upon these asserted inconsistencies and contradictions, Benihana moved for dismissal of the second amended complaint with prejudice. The trial court held a hearing (at which no live testimony was offered) and granted Benihana’s motion to dismiss, finding clear and convincing evidence that Appellants “jointly and collu-sively engaged in a scheme designed to prevent the trier from impartially adjudicating this matter through lies, misrepresentations, contradictory statements and otherwise hiding the truth.” The court also found that Appellants’ contradictory statements “rise[ ] to the level of perjury in official proceedings (Section 837.02, Florida Statutes) and perjury by contradictory statements (Section 837.021, Florida Statutes).” Finding that Appellants had perpetrated a fraud upon the court, the court dismissed the second amended complaint with prejudice.

Although we review the trial court’s order under an abuse of discretion standard, Leo’s Gulf Liquors v. Lakhani, 802 So.2d 337 (Fla. 3d DCA 2001), we do so with the understanding that this standard is “somewhat narrowed,” as it must take into account the heightened standard of “clear and convincing evidence” upon which an order of dismissal for fraud on the court must be based. See Ramey v. Haverty Furniture Co., 993 So.2d 1014 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008). The burden was upon Benihana to establish

clearly and convincingly, that a party has sentiently set in motion some unconscionable scheme calculated to interfere with the judicial system’s ability impartially to adjudicate a matter of improperly influencing the trier of fact or unfairly hampering the presentation of the opposing party’s claim or defense. When reviewing a case for fraud, the court should consider the proper mix of factors and carefully balance a policy favoring adjudication on the merits with [353]*353competing policies to maintain the integrity of the judicial system.

Cox v. Burke, 706 So.2d 43, 46 (Fla. 5th DCA 1998) (quoting Aoude v. Mobil Oil Corp., 892 F.2d 1115, 1118 (1st Cir.1989)).

Having conducted a thorough review of the record below, including a review of all four depositions,7 we conclude that the trial court abused its discretion in its imposition of this most severe of sanctions.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
88 So. 3d 349, 2012 WL 1605268, 2012 Fla. App. LEXIS 7208, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/suarez-v-benihana-national-of-florida-corp-fladistctapp-2012.