Stinson v. Stinson

738 So. 2d 1259, 1999 WL 228974
CourtCourt of Appeals of Mississippi
DecidedApril 20, 1999
Docket98-CA-00619-COA
StatusPublished
Cited by17 cases

This text of 738 So. 2d 1259 (Stinson v. Stinson) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Mississippi primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Stinson v. Stinson, 738 So. 2d 1259, 1999 WL 228974 (Mich. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

738 So.2d 1259 (1999)

Johnny Lee STINSON, Appellant,
v.
Ramona Gay (Shelby) STINSON, Appellee.

No. 98-CA-00619-COA.

Court of Appeals of Mississippi.

April 20, 1999.

*1260 John Thomas Lamar, Jr., Senatobia, Attorney for Appellant.

Steven Glen Roberts, Attorney for Appellee.

BEFORE THOMAS, P.J., LEE, AND SOUTHWICK, JJ.

SOUTHWICK, J., for the Court:

¶ 1. Ramona Stinson filed for divorce. Her husband Johnny Lee Stinson was served with process but failed to answer the complaint or appear at the hearing. Mrs. Stinson was granted a divorce based on adultery. Mr. Stinson's motion for reconsideration, alleging that Mrs. Stinson intentionally kept the hearing date secret from him, was denied. In addition to allegations of procedural defects, Mr. Stinson also alleges error in the child support and property division. We find no error in the chancellor's procedure when the defendant has not filed an answer. However, we do find error that the chancellor did not follow *1261 the mandate to express his findings on issues of equitable distribution and child support. We reverse for further proceedings.

FACTS

¶ 2. Ramona and Johnny Lee Stinson were married on August 20, 1988. Two children were born, Jon Alex Stinson and Cassidy LeeAnn Stinson. At some stage prior to May 1997, Mrs. Stinson filed for divorce on the grounds of adultery and habitual cruel and inhuman treatment. An evidentiary hearing was held in May or June 1997, and the chancellor denied the divorce by order in June. No formal record of those proceedings or copies of pleadings appear, but Mrs. Stinson testified to this effect at a hearing in the present case.

¶ 3. On August 27, 1997, Mrs. Stinson again filed for divorce. Again she charged adultery and inhuman treatment and also sought a divorce based on irreconcilable differences. Process was issued and a return indicated that it was personally served on September 25, 1997. Mr. Stinson never answered the complaint. He later testified that he talked several times with his wife by telephone, attempting to negotiate a resolution. Allegedly unknown to him, she was proceeding with the complaint in court without him.

¶ 4. On December 8, 1997, the date scheduled for uncontested matters in that court, the chancellor heard testimony from Mrs. Stinson and one corroborating witness. Mr. Stinson was not present. The chancellor granted Mrs. Stinson a divorce on the ground of adultery. The chancellor awarded custody of the children to Mrs. Stinson and required Mr. Stinson to pay $1,100 per month in child support, to maintain health insurance coverage on behalf of the children, to procure a life insurance policy on his life naming the children as beneficiaries, to pay the children's private school tuition, and to pay the second mortgage on the marital home. Mrs. Stinson would be responsible for paying the first mortgage; however, she was granted sole possession of the home. She also received one-half of Mr. Stinson's pension/profit sharing plan. Mr. Stinson was ordered to pay Mrs. Stinson's attorney's fees and all court costs.

¶ 5. Mr. Stinson filed a motion to reconsider, arguing that he had not been informed of the December 8 hearing date. He also challenged several of the awards, arguing that Mrs. Stinson received benefits that she had not requested in her complaint. A hearing on the motion was held on March 19, 1998, after which the chancellor denied the motion.

DISCUSSION

I. Absence of notice prior to the divorce decree

¶ 6. Mr. Stinson argues that he was entitled to notice of the December 8, 1997 hearing. He alleges that due to ongoing negotiations with Mrs. Stinson, he was unaware that she was going forward with the divorce proceedings. Moreover, he claims that she intentionally concealed the hearing date from him and caused him to refrain from seeking legal counsel.

¶ 7. Two separate points are important. First, notice of hearings must be sent to those who have answered complaints. There is no obligation to mail notice of hearings to those who have failed to answer and thus have not made an appearance in the case. Second, failure to answer a complaint, even one for divorce, allows the trial court to proceed without the defendant. We discuss both.

¶ 8. Mr. Stinson argues that a rule requiring notice of hearings to be sent to parties required that he be mailed that notice. M.R.C.P. 40(b). The rule applies to divorce actions. King v. King, 556 So.2d 716, 719 (Miss.1990). We agree the rule applies, but it requires notice to be sent to "attorneys and parties without attorneys" of the setting of the docket. M.R.C.P. 40(b). In the case upon which Mr. Stinson relies, the defendant who was harmed by failure to comply with the rule had answered the complaint and was represented *1262 by counsel. King, 556 So.2d at 717.

¶ 9. The threshold issue is whether someone who has been served but who has not appeared either by filing an answer or taking some alternative step, is to receive notice under Rule 40. The second question is whether Rule 40 even applies to this kind of hearing, which was the normal ex parte or uncontested matter day for this judge in this county. Taking the second part first, we find no reason in the language of Rule 40 itself to interpret the regular holding of an ex parte day to be something that has to be sent as notice to the parties. Rule 40 is talking about the trial docket, which would not in our view include the uncontested motion schedule. The comment to the rule states that the purpose is to assure "that the parties receive appropriate notice at important stages of the process." M.R.C.P. 40 cmt. A regular time for uncontested matters to be heard by a particular judge would not fall under that description. What makes a stage important is that it advances the resolution of a dispute. When there is no dispute, either because one party is not participating in the case or the matter is otherwise agreed, there seems no purpose for mailing notice of such hearings.

¶ 10. Regardless of the applicability of Rule 40 to notice of matters to be taken up at the day for uncontested motions, there is a clearer reason that Mr. Stinson need not have been sent notice. Since he never answered the complaint, he is not in a manner recognized by the rules participating in the action. Someone who has declared by silence that he does not wish to respond to the court need not be sent notice. The rules of procedure give a specific length of time to answer. If the defendant refuses the case may proceed without him and without asking at each new step whether he has changed his mind about participating.

¶ 11. That this applies even to a hearing such as occurred here is shown by the rule on taking default judgments. We discuss below why the default judgment rules are not directly applicable, but for now we address the normal default. If a party against whom judgment by default is sought has appeared in the suit, three days' notice must be given before the hearing on that judgment. M.R.C.P. 55(b). The comment shows that the negative implication of the rule is correct. "On the other hand, when a defaulting party has failed to appear, thereby manifesting no intention to defend, he is not entitled to notice of the application for a default judgment under this rule." M.R.C.P. 55 cmt. The hearing will proceed and judgment be entered for a precise amount of damages without notice to the party who has manifested no intent to participate.

¶ 12. We next discuss why the default rules are not directly applicable.

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738 So. 2d 1259, 1999 WL 228974, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/stinson-v-stinson-missctapp-1999.