Cite as 2023 Ark. App. 232 ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS DIVISION I No. CV-22-228
Opinion Delivered April 19, 2023 STEVEN BOGLE APPELLANT APPEAL FROM THE SALINE COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT [NO. 63DR-18-311] V. HONORABLE ROBERT HERZFELD, JUDGE MARY HANNA APPELLEE DISMISSED IN PART; REVERSED AND REMANDED IN PART
WENDY SCHOLTENS WOOD, Judge
Appellant Stephen Bogle brings two points on appeal in this modification-of-child-
support case. First, he argues that the Saline County Circuit Court erred by deviating from
the child-support chart without a proper basis, and second, he contends that the
modification should have been retroactive to the date he filed his motion to modify, entitling
him to a $1,268 credit. We cannot reach Stephen’s first point because he failed to file a
timely notice of appeal from the order modifying child support; thus, we have no
jurisdiction. We agree with him on the second point, and we reverse and remand.
Stephen and appellee Mary Hanna were divorced on May 18, 2018, after twenty years
of marriage. The divorce decree awarded the parties joint legal custody of their minor child
with Mary as the primary custodial parent. In relevant part, the decree ordered the parties’ home to be sold and the proceeds split equally between the parties; provided that the parties
should retain their respective nonmarital property and the marital property currently in their
possession; and contained the following paragraph regarding retirement assets:
[Mary] waives any claims or interest to any TSP Benefits, 401K, Veteran Disability Benefits or pay; Military Retirement Pay, Civil Service Government Retirement Pay, or any other financial accounts, income or investments of [Stephen].
The following paragraph, which provides for child support, immediately followed the
preceding paragraph regarding retirement assets:
[Stephen] will pay child support based on his net income of $3,546 Bi-Weekly for child support purpose in the sum of $923.00 bi-weekly beginning on June 29th, 2018, through May 4, 2027, when the minor child . . . graduates from high school. Due to a disparity in earning the parties have agreed [Stephen] will pay $923.00 bi-weekly instead of $525.00 bi-weekly which also considers the defendant providing for the Medical, Dental & Vision Care of the minor child, the joint custody arrangement, and the income and assets both [Mary and Stephen] will have after the Decree is final. [Mary and Stephen] acknowledge it is their intent for the parties to share equal time with their minor child.
On July 6, 2021, Stephen filed a motion to modify child support alleging that he had
retired. He claimed this resulted in a decrease in his income of greater than 20 percent,
which Stephen alleged constituted a material change in circumstances warranting a
reduction in child support. He asked the circuit court to reduce his child-support obligation
as of August 2021 and to set an amount consistent with the family-support chart.
After a hearing on the matter, the circuit court entered an order on November 1
modifying Stephen’s child-support obligation to $1,500 a month, a $350 monthly decrease.
The circuit court recognized that it was deviating upward from the family-support chart’s
presumptive amount, finding that there were sufficient factors to do so, specifically citing
2 Mary’s complete lack of income and Stephen’s substantial retirement assets. Stephen filed a
motion for reconsideration of the court’s order modifying child support on November 12.
On November 19, the circuit court entered an income-withholding order/notice for
support. On November 24, Stephen filed a motion for reconsideration of the income-
withholding order.
The circuit court did not rule on Stephen’s motions for reconsideration. Thus, the
motion for reconsideration of the order modifying child support was deemed denied on
December 12, and the motion for reconsideration of the income-withholding order was
deemed denied on December 24. See Ark. R. App. P.–Civ. 4(b)(1) (2022). On January 18,
2022, Stephen filed a notice of appeal designating the order modifying child support, the
income-withholding order, and the deemed denials of both motions for reconsideration.
Before we turn to the merits of this appeal, we must first examine our jurisdiction.
The failure to file a timely notice of appeal deprives this court of jurisdiction. Harold Ives
Trucking Co. v. Pro Transp., Inc., 341 Ark. 735, 19 S.W.3d 600 (2000). Arkansas Rule of
Appellate Procedure–Civil 4(a) provides that a notice of appeal generally must be filed within
thirty days from the entry of the judgment, decree, or order from which an appeal is taken.
If a party files any type of motion to vacate, alter, or amend the judgment within ten days
after entry of the judgment, as occurred in this case, the time for filing the notice of appeal
is extended to thirty days after the entry of the order disposing of the last motion
outstanding. Ark. R. App. P.–Civ. 4(b)(1). If the circuit court neither grants nor denies such
motion within thirty days of its filing, the motion is deemed denied by operation of law as
3 of the thirtieth day, and the notice of appeal must be filed within thirty days from that date.
Id.
Stephen’s first point on appeal is from the circuit court’s order modifying child
support, which was entered on November 1. This order is a final order from which a timely
appeal is a prerequisite to our jurisdiction.1 See Ark. Code Ann. §§ 9-12-314(b), 9-14-234(b)
(Repl. 2020). Stephen’s motion for reconsideration of this order was deemed denied on
December 12, making the notice of appeal from that order due on January 11, 2022.
Stephen’s notice of appeal was filed on January 18. Accordingly, we lack jurisdiction and
must dismiss his appeal from this order. Allen v. Allen, 2013 Ark. App. 292, at 4–5 (holding
that lack of timely notice of appeal from the deemed denial of the appellant’s motion for
reconsideration deprived this court of jurisdiction).
We turn now to Stephen’s second point on appeal, which is from the income-
withholding order and the deemed denial of his motion for reconsideration of that order,
which occurred on December 24. While an income-withholding order is a device designed
to facilitate the payment and collection of child support, the circuit court’s denial of
Stephen’s motion for reconsideration of that order constitutes an “order which vacates or
1 McWhorter v. McWhorter, 2009 Ark. 458, at 6, 344 S.W.3d 64, 68 (an order establishing a monthly child-support obligation is a final order for appeal purposes); Stewart v. Norment, 328 Ark. 133, 941 S.W.2d 419 (1997) (confirming that any order containing a provision for child-support payments is a final judgment); Burnett v. Burnett, 313 Ark. 599, 605, 855 S.W.2d 952, 955 (1993) (holding that any decree that contains a provision for the payment of child support shall be a final judgment until either party moves to modify the order).
4 sustains an attachment or garnishment” appealable under Rule 2(a)(5) of the Arkansas Rules
of Appellate Procedure–Civil. See Cardinal Health v. Beth’s Bail Bonds, Inc., 2017 Ark. 54, at
3, 511 S.W.3d 327, 329. Stephen’s notice of appeal, filed on January 18, is timely to appeal
from that order.
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Cite as 2023 Ark. App. 232 ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS DIVISION I No. CV-22-228
Opinion Delivered April 19, 2023 STEVEN BOGLE APPELLANT APPEAL FROM THE SALINE COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT [NO. 63DR-18-311] V. HONORABLE ROBERT HERZFELD, JUDGE MARY HANNA APPELLEE DISMISSED IN PART; REVERSED AND REMANDED IN PART
WENDY SCHOLTENS WOOD, Judge
Appellant Stephen Bogle brings two points on appeal in this modification-of-child-
support case. First, he argues that the Saline County Circuit Court erred by deviating from
the child-support chart without a proper basis, and second, he contends that the
modification should have been retroactive to the date he filed his motion to modify, entitling
him to a $1,268 credit. We cannot reach Stephen’s first point because he failed to file a
timely notice of appeal from the order modifying child support; thus, we have no
jurisdiction. We agree with him on the second point, and we reverse and remand.
Stephen and appellee Mary Hanna were divorced on May 18, 2018, after twenty years
of marriage. The divorce decree awarded the parties joint legal custody of their minor child
with Mary as the primary custodial parent. In relevant part, the decree ordered the parties’ home to be sold and the proceeds split equally between the parties; provided that the parties
should retain their respective nonmarital property and the marital property currently in their
possession; and contained the following paragraph regarding retirement assets:
[Mary] waives any claims or interest to any TSP Benefits, 401K, Veteran Disability Benefits or pay; Military Retirement Pay, Civil Service Government Retirement Pay, or any other financial accounts, income or investments of [Stephen].
The following paragraph, which provides for child support, immediately followed the
preceding paragraph regarding retirement assets:
[Stephen] will pay child support based on his net income of $3,546 Bi-Weekly for child support purpose in the sum of $923.00 bi-weekly beginning on June 29th, 2018, through May 4, 2027, when the minor child . . . graduates from high school. Due to a disparity in earning the parties have agreed [Stephen] will pay $923.00 bi-weekly instead of $525.00 bi-weekly which also considers the defendant providing for the Medical, Dental & Vision Care of the minor child, the joint custody arrangement, and the income and assets both [Mary and Stephen] will have after the Decree is final. [Mary and Stephen] acknowledge it is their intent for the parties to share equal time with their minor child.
On July 6, 2021, Stephen filed a motion to modify child support alleging that he had
retired. He claimed this resulted in a decrease in his income of greater than 20 percent,
which Stephen alleged constituted a material change in circumstances warranting a
reduction in child support. He asked the circuit court to reduce his child-support obligation
as of August 2021 and to set an amount consistent with the family-support chart.
After a hearing on the matter, the circuit court entered an order on November 1
modifying Stephen’s child-support obligation to $1,500 a month, a $350 monthly decrease.
The circuit court recognized that it was deviating upward from the family-support chart’s
presumptive amount, finding that there were sufficient factors to do so, specifically citing
2 Mary’s complete lack of income and Stephen’s substantial retirement assets. Stephen filed a
motion for reconsideration of the court’s order modifying child support on November 12.
On November 19, the circuit court entered an income-withholding order/notice for
support. On November 24, Stephen filed a motion for reconsideration of the income-
withholding order.
The circuit court did not rule on Stephen’s motions for reconsideration. Thus, the
motion for reconsideration of the order modifying child support was deemed denied on
December 12, and the motion for reconsideration of the income-withholding order was
deemed denied on December 24. See Ark. R. App. P.–Civ. 4(b)(1) (2022). On January 18,
2022, Stephen filed a notice of appeal designating the order modifying child support, the
income-withholding order, and the deemed denials of both motions for reconsideration.
Before we turn to the merits of this appeal, we must first examine our jurisdiction.
The failure to file a timely notice of appeal deprives this court of jurisdiction. Harold Ives
Trucking Co. v. Pro Transp., Inc., 341 Ark. 735, 19 S.W.3d 600 (2000). Arkansas Rule of
Appellate Procedure–Civil 4(a) provides that a notice of appeal generally must be filed within
thirty days from the entry of the judgment, decree, or order from which an appeal is taken.
If a party files any type of motion to vacate, alter, or amend the judgment within ten days
after entry of the judgment, as occurred in this case, the time for filing the notice of appeal
is extended to thirty days after the entry of the order disposing of the last motion
outstanding. Ark. R. App. P.–Civ. 4(b)(1). If the circuit court neither grants nor denies such
motion within thirty days of its filing, the motion is deemed denied by operation of law as
3 of the thirtieth day, and the notice of appeal must be filed within thirty days from that date.
Id.
Stephen’s first point on appeal is from the circuit court’s order modifying child
support, which was entered on November 1. This order is a final order from which a timely
appeal is a prerequisite to our jurisdiction.1 See Ark. Code Ann. §§ 9-12-314(b), 9-14-234(b)
(Repl. 2020). Stephen’s motion for reconsideration of this order was deemed denied on
December 12, making the notice of appeal from that order due on January 11, 2022.
Stephen’s notice of appeal was filed on January 18. Accordingly, we lack jurisdiction and
must dismiss his appeal from this order. Allen v. Allen, 2013 Ark. App. 292, at 4–5 (holding
that lack of timely notice of appeal from the deemed denial of the appellant’s motion for
reconsideration deprived this court of jurisdiction).
We turn now to Stephen’s second point on appeal, which is from the income-
withholding order and the deemed denial of his motion for reconsideration of that order,
which occurred on December 24. While an income-withholding order is a device designed
to facilitate the payment and collection of child support, the circuit court’s denial of
Stephen’s motion for reconsideration of that order constitutes an “order which vacates or
1 McWhorter v. McWhorter, 2009 Ark. 458, at 6, 344 S.W.3d 64, 68 (an order establishing a monthly child-support obligation is a final order for appeal purposes); Stewart v. Norment, 328 Ark. 133, 941 S.W.2d 419 (1997) (confirming that any order containing a provision for child-support payments is a final judgment); Burnett v. Burnett, 313 Ark. 599, 605, 855 S.W.2d 952, 955 (1993) (holding that any decree that contains a provision for the payment of child support shall be a final judgment until either party moves to modify the order).
4 sustains an attachment or garnishment” appealable under Rule 2(a)(5) of the Arkansas Rules
of Appellate Procedure–Civil. See Cardinal Health v. Beth’s Bail Bonds, Inc., 2017 Ark. 54, at
3, 511 S.W.3d 327, 329. Stephen’s notice of appeal, filed on January 18, is timely to appeal
from that order.
Stephen argues that the circuit court erroneously failed to include in the income-
withholding order a credit for his overpayment of child support. Specifically, he argues that
he should have received credit for the amount he paid over $1,500 a month after July 6, the
date he filed his motion for modification, through November 1, the date the court entered
its order modifying child support, which he alleges amounts to $1,268. Stephen cites
Arkansas Code Annotated section 9-14-107(d) (Supp. 2021), which provides that a
modification in child support “shall be effective as of the date of service on the other party
of the file-marked notice of a motion for increase or decrease in child support unless
otherwise ordered by the court.”
We review this issue for an abuse of discretion. Riddick v. Harris, 2016 Ark. App. 426,
at 14, 501 S.W.3d 859, 870. Subsection (d) mandates that a modification in child support
is retroactive to the date of service of the motion for modification “unless otherwise ordered
by the court.” In considering the meaning of a statute, we consider it just as it reads, giving
the words their ordinary and usually accepted meaning. Miller v. Enders, 2013 Ark. 23, at 6,
425 S.W.3d 723, 727. Here, the circuit court was silent in its order modifying child support
regarding when, exactly, the reduction in child support was to begin, and the court did not
award Stephen credit for his overpayment of child support in the income-withholding order.
5 Because the court did not “otherwise order” an effective date, we hold that the modification
is effective as of the date of service on Mary of the file-marked notice of Stephen’s motion
for modification. Accordingly, we reverse and remand for the circuit court to calculate the
overpayment and enter an order accounting for this amount in future child-support
payments.
Dismissed in part; reversed and remanded in part.
HARRISON, C.J., and GLADWIN, J., agree.
Fuqua Campbell, P.A., by: Eric Gribble, Haley M. Heath, and Chris Stevens, for appellant.
One brief only.