1 2 3 4 5 6 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 7 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 8 9 STEVE KASSAB, Case No.: 3:25-cv-00023-RBM-DDL
10 Plaintiff, ORDER GRANTING MOTION TO 11 v. VACATE JUDGMENT
12 UC SAN DIEGO HEALTH, et al., [Doc. 7] 13 Defendants. 14 15 16 Pending before the Court is Plaintiff Steve Kassab’s (“Plaintiff”) Motion to Vacate 17 Judgment (“Motion to Vacate”). (Doc. 7.) In the Motion to Vacate, Plaintiff seeks to set 18 aside the judgment entered on April 7, 2025 under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure (“Rule”) 19 60(b). (Id. at 3.) 20 For the reasons set forth below, Plaintiff’s Motion to Vacate (Doc. 7) is GRANTED. 21 I. BACKGROUND 22 On January 6, 2025, Plaintiff filed a Complaint against Defendants UC San Diego 23 Health, Rachel Bent, Alice Kistenoff, Jack Hunt, Aaron Myers, Kush Vijay Bhatt, and 24 Does 1 through 100 (collectively, “Defendants”) (“Complaint”). (Doc. 1.) Along with his 25 Complaint, Plaintiff filed a Motion for Leave to Proceed In Forma Pauperis (“IFP 26 Motion”). (Doc. 2.) On January 29, 2025, the Court denied Plaintiff leave to proceed IFP 27 and dismissed the Complaint on screening pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2) for lack of 28 subject matter jurisdiction (“IFP Order”). (Doc. 4.) Plaintiff was granted leave to file a 1 renewed IFP motion and an amended complaint by February 14, 2025. (Id. at 7.) Plaintiff, 2 however, did not file a renewed motion or an amended complaint. 3 On April 7, 2025, nearly two months after the Court issued its IFP Order, the Court 4 dismissed the action without prejudice based on Plaintiff’s failure to file a renewed IFP 5 motion and an amended complaint. (Doc. 5.) The Clerk of the Court entered judgment 6 that same day. (Doc. 6.) 7 On August 27, 2025, over six months after his original deadline, Plaintiff filed the 8 instant Motion to Vacate. (See Doc. 7.) In the Motion to Vacate, Plaintiff also provided a 9 declaration in which he attests that he was unable to timely file a renewed IFP motion and 10 amended complaint due to his health issues and subsequent hospitalization. (Id. at 5.) 11 II. LEGAL STANDARD 12 “Rule 60(b) allows for relief from a final judgment, order, or proceeding for any of 13 six reasons: (1) mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect; (2) newly discovered 14 evidence that could not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial; (3) fraud, 15 misrepresentation, or misconduct; (4) the judgment is void; (5) the judgment has been 16 satisfied; or (6) any other reason that justifies relief.” Trendsettah USA, Inc. v. Swisher 17 Int’l, Inc., 31 F.4th 1124, 1136 (9th Cir. 2022) (quoting Hanson v. Shubert, 968 F.3d 1014, 18 1017 n.1 (9th Cir. 2020) (cleaned up)). 19 The moving party “bears the burden of proving the existence of a justification for 20 Rule 60(b) relief.” Cassidy v. Tenorio, 856 F.2d 1412, 1415 (9th Cir. 1988). “Motions for 21 relief from judgment pursuant to Rule 60(b) are addressed to the sound discretion of the 22 district court.” Casey v. Albertson’s Inc., 362 F.3d 1254, 1257 (9th Cir. 2004). 23 III. DISCUSSION 24 A. Rule 60(b)(3) 25 In the Motion to Vacate, Plaintiff argues that the judgment should be set aside under 26 Rule 60(b)(3) for fraud, misrepresentations, or misconduct by an opposing party. (Doc. 7 27 at 3.) To prevail under Rule 60(b)(3), “the moving party must prove by clear and 28 convincing evidence that the [judgment] was obtained through fraud, misrepresentation, or 1 other misconduct and the conduct complained of prevented the losing party from fully and 2 fairly presenting the defense.” Casey, 362 F.3d at 1260 (cleaned up). In this case, Plaintiff 3 claims that “Defendant unlawfully obtained Plaintiff’s medical records which was a direct 4 violation in California and United States [sic] HIPPA privacy laws to deny Plaintiff’s claim 5 in this action.” (Doc. 7 at 3.) Plaintiff, however, provides no further evidence or support 6 to substantiate this claim. More fatally, Plaintiff does not claim the judgment in this case 7 was obtained through such alleged fraud. See Casey, 362 F.3d at 1260. As previously 8 noted, the Court dismissed this case because Plaintiff failed to timely file an amended IFP 9 Application and an amended complaint. (See Doc. 5 at 1–2.) Accordingly, Plaintiff fails 10 to provide a meritorious argument under Rule 60(b)(3) that would justify vacating the 11 judgment in this case. 12 B. Rule 60(b)(1) 13 Given Plaintiff’s pro se status, the Court liberally construes and considers the Motion 14 to Vacate under Rule 60(b)(1). See Erickson v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89, 94 (2007) (“A 15 document filed pro se is ‘to be liberally construed . . . .’”) (quoting Estelle v. Gamble, 429 16 U.S. 97, 106 (1976)). Rule 60(b)(1) permits relief from a final judgment or order for 17 “mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b)(1). 18 Excusable neglect “encompass[es] situations in which the failure to comply with a filing 19 deadline is attributable to negligence.” Pioneer Inv. Servs. Co. v. Brunswick Assocs. Ltd. 20 P’ship, 507 U.S. 380, 394 (1993). “To determine when neglect is excusable, [courts] 21 conduct the equitable analysis specified in Pioneer by examining at least four factors: (1) 22 the danger of prejudice to the opposing party; (2) the length of the delay and its potential 23 impact on the proceedings; (3) the reason for the delay; and (4) whether the movant acted 24 in good faith.” Lemoge v. United States, 587 F.3d 1188, 1192 (9th Cir. 2009) (citing 25 Pioneer Inv. Servs. Co., 507 U.S. at 395) (“Pioneer factors”). 26 Applying the Pioneer factors, the Court finds that Plaintiff’s failure to comply with 27 the IFP Order constituted excusable neglect meriting relief. In this case, Plaintiff declared 28 that his “health issues along with rehab have caused [him] to be unable to timely file.” 1 (Doc. 7 at 5.) “Illness is often recognized as an acceptable justification for excusable 2 neglect.” See Arzamendi v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 1:17-cv-01485-LJO-SKO, 2018 WL 3 6025599, at *2 (E.D. Cal. Nov. 16, 2018) (citing Gravatt v. Paul Revere Life Ins. Co., 101 4 F. App’x 194, 196 (9th Cir. 2004)). Moreover, there is no indication that Plaintiff filed this 5 Motion to Vacate in bad faith. As Defendants have not been served, the delay in this case 6 is not great and the danger of prejudice to Defendants is low. See Ahanchian v. Xenon 7 Pictures, Inc., 624 F.3d 1253, 1260 (9th Cir. 2010) (“Critically, the record is devoid of any 8 indication either that [the plaintiff’s] counsel acted in bad faith or that an extension of time 9 would prejudice defendants.”). The Pioneer factors therefore weigh in favor of relief and 10 the Court finds Plaintiff’s neglect in failing to timely file a renewed IFP motion and 11 amended complaint excusable under Rule 60(b)(1). 12 Accordingly, the Motion to Vacate is GRANTED.
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1 2 3 4 5 6 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 7 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 8 9 STEVE KASSAB, Case No.: 3:25-cv-00023-RBM-DDL
10 Plaintiff, ORDER GRANTING MOTION TO 11 v. VACATE JUDGMENT
12 UC SAN DIEGO HEALTH, et al., [Doc. 7] 13 Defendants. 14 15 16 Pending before the Court is Plaintiff Steve Kassab’s (“Plaintiff”) Motion to Vacate 17 Judgment (“Motion to Vacate”). (Doc. 7.) In the Motion to Vacate, Plaintiff seeks to set 18 aside the judgment entered on April 7, 2025 under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure (“Rule”) 19 60(b). (Id. at 3.) 20 For the reasons set forth below, Plaintiff’s Motion to Vacate (Doc. 7) is GRANTED. 21 I. BACKGROUND 22 On January 6, 2025, Plaintiff filed a Complaint against Defendants UC San Diego 23 Health, Rachel Bent, Alice Kistenoff, Jack Hunt, Aaron Myers, Kush Vijay Bhatt, and 24 Does 1 through 100 (collectively, “Defendants”) (“Complaint”). (Doc. 1.) Along with his 25 Complaint, Plaintiff filed a Motion for Leave to Proceed In Forma Pauperis (“IFP 26 Motion”). (Doc. 2.) On January 29, 2025, the Court denied Plaintiff leave to proceed IFP 27 and dismissed the Complaint on screening pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2) for lack of 28 subject matter jurisdiction (“IFP Order”). (Doc. 4.) Plaintiff was granted leave to file a 1 renewed IFP motion and an amended complaint by February 14, 2025. (Id. at 7.) Plaintiff, 2 however, did not file a renewed motion or an amended complaint. 3 On April 7, 2025, nearly two months after the Court issued its IFP Order, the Court 4 dismissed the action without prejudice based on Plaintiff’s failure to file a renewed IFP 5 motion and an amended complaint. (Doc. 5.) The Clerk of the Court entered judgment 6 that same day. (Doc. 6.) 7 On August 27, 2025, over six months after his original deadline, Plaintiff filed the 8 instant Motion to Vacate. (See Doc. 7.) In the Motion to Vacate, Plaintiff also provided a 9 declaration in which he attests that he was unable to timely file a renewed IFP motion and 10 amended complaint due to his health issues and subsequent hospitalization. (Id. at 5.) 11 II. LEGAL STANDARD 12 “Rule 60(b) allows for relief from a final judgment, order, or proceeding for any of 13 six reasons: (1) mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect; (2) newly discovered 14 evidence that could not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial; (3) fraud, 15 misrepresentation, or misconduct; (4) the judgment is void; (5) the judgment has been 16 satisfied; or (6) any other reason that justifies relief.” Trendsettah USA, Inc. v. Swisher 17 Int’l, Inc., 31 F.4th 1124, 1136 (9th Cir. 2022) (quoting Hanson v. Shubert, 968 F.3d 1014, 18 1017 n.1 (9th Cir. 2020) (cleaned up)). 19 The moving party “bears the burden of proving the existence of a justification for 20 Rule 60(b) relief.” Cassidy v. Tenorio, 856 F.2d 1412, 1415 (9th Cir. 1988). “Motions for 21 relief from judgment pursuant to Rule 60(b) are addressed to the sound discretion of the 22 district court.” Casey v. Albertson’s Inc., 362 F.3d 1254, 1257 (9th Cir. 2004). 23 III. DISCUSSION 24 A. Rule 60(b)(3) 25 In the Motion to Vacate, Plaintiff argues that the judgment should be set aside under 26 Rule 60(b)(3) for fraud, misrepresentations, or misconduct by an opposing party. (Doc. 7 27 at 3.) To prevail under Rule 60(b)(3), “the moving party must prove by clear and 28 convincing evidence that the [judgment] was obtained through fraud, misrepresentation, or 1 other misconduct and the conduct complained of prevented the losing party from fully and 2 fairly presenting the defense.” Casey, 362 F.3d at 1260 (cleaned up). In this case, Plaintiff 3 claims that “Defendant unlawfully obtained Plaintiff’s medical records which was a direct 4 violation in California and United States [sic] HIPPA privacy laws to deny Plaintiff’s claim 5 in this action.” (Doc. 7 at 3.) Plaintiff, however, provides no further evidence or support 6 to substantiate this claim. More fatally, Plaintiff does not claim the judgment in this case 7 was obtained through such alleged fraud. See Casey, 362 F.3d at 1260. As previously 8 noted, the Court dismissed this case because Plaintiff failed to timely file an amended IFP 9 Application and an amended complaint. (See Doc. 5 at 1–2.) Accordingly, Plaintiff fails 10 to provide a meritorious argument under Rule 60(b)(3) that would justify vacating the 11 judgment in this case. 12 B. Rule 60(b)(1) 13 Given Plaintiff’s pro se status, the Court liberally construes and considers the Motion 14 to Vacate under Rule 60(b)(1). See Erickson v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89, 94 (2007) (“A 15 document filed pro se is ‘to be liberally construed . . . .’”) (quoting Estelle v. Gamble, 429 16 U.S. 97, 106 (1976)). Rule 60(b)(1) permits relief from a final judgment or order for 17 “mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b)(1). 18 Excusable neglect “encompass[es] situations in which the failure to comply with a filing 19 deadline is attributable to negligence.” Pioneer Inv. Servs. Co. v. Brunswick Assocs. Ltd. 20 P’ship, 507 U.S. 380, 394 (1993). “To determine when neglect is excusable, [courts] 21 conduct the equitable analysis specified in Pioneer by examining at least four factors: (1) 22 the danger of prejudice to the opposing party; (2) the length of the delay and its potential 23 impact on the proceedings; (3) the reason for the delay; and (4) whether the movant acted 24 in good faith.” Lemoge v. United States, 587 F.3d 1188, 1192 (9th Cir. 2009) (citing 25 Pioneer Inv. Servs. Co., 507 U.S. at 395) (“Pioneer factors”). 26 Applying the Pioneer factors, the Court finds that Plaintiff’s failure to comply with 27 the IFP Order constituted excusable neglect meriting relief. In this case, Plaintiff declared 28 that his “health issues along with rehab have caused [him] to be unable to timely file.” 1 (Doc. 7 at 5.) “Illness is often recognized as an acceptable justification for excusable 2 neglect.” See Arzamendi v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 1:17-cv-01485-LJO-SKO, 2018 WL 3 6025599, at *2 (E.D. Cal. Nov. 16, 2018) (citing Gravatt v. Paul Revere Life Ins. Co., 101 4 F. App’x 194, 196 (9th Cir. 2004)). Moreover, there is no indication that Plaintiff filed this 5 Motion to Vacate in bad faith. As Defendants have not been served, the delay in this case 6 is not great and the danger of prejudice to Defendants is low. See Ahanchian v. Xenon 7 Pictures, Inc., 624 F.3d 1253, 1260 (9th Cir. 2010) (“Critically, the record is devoid of any 8 indication either that [the plaintiff’s] counsel acted in bad faith or that an extension of time 9 would prejudice defendants.”). The Pioneer factors therefore weigh in favor of relief and 10 the Court finds Plaintiff’s neglect in failing to timely file a renewed IFP motion and 11 amended complaint excusable under Rule 60(b)(1). 12 Accordingly, the Motion to Vacate is GRANTED. Plaintiff is cautioned that the 13 Court will not entertain any further untimely filings and will strike or otherwise reject any 14 future filings that fail to comply with the Local Rules,1 this Court’s Civil Chamber Rules,2 15 and the Federal Rules.3 16 IV. CONCLUSION 17 For the reasons set forth above, the Court hereby GRANTS Plaintiff’s Motion to 18 Vacate (Doc. 7) and VACATES the judgment entered in this case on April 7, 2025. 19 20 21 22 1 The United States District Court for the Southern District of California’s Civil Local 23 Rules are available at https://www.casd.uscourts.gov/_assets/pdf/rules/2025.01.02%20Local%20Rules.pdf. 24
25 2 This Court’s Civil Chamber Rules are available at https://www.casd.uscourts.gov/judges/montenegro/docs/Montenegro%20Civil%20Cham 26 ber%20Rules.pdf. 27 3 The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure are available at 28 1 To proceed with this action, Plaintiff must either: (a) file a renewed IFP motion and 2 ||amended complaint curing the deficiencies previously identified in the Court’s IFP Order 3 ||(see Doc. 4) on or before November 7, 2025; or (b) prepay the entire $405 civil filing and 4 ||administrative fee and file an amended complaint curing the deficiencies previously 5 identified in the Court’s IFP Order (see Doc. 4) on or before November 7, 2025. See 28 6 |/U.S.C. § 1915(a)(2); S.D. Cal. Civ. R. 3.2(b). 7 If Plaintiff fails to comply with this Order by either filing a renewed IFP Motion and 8 ||amended complaint or paying the $405 civil filing fee on or before November 7, 2025, this 9 || action will be dismissed based on Plaintiffs failure to satisfy 28 U.S.C. § 1914(a). 10 IT ISSO ORDERED. 11 DATE: October 17, 2025 12 gat Berman, Mistery B HON. RUTH BERMUDEZ'MONTENEGRO UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28