State v. Wright

221 S.E.2d 751, 28 N.C. App. 426, 1976 N.C. App. LEXIS 2721
CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedFebruary 4, 1976
DocketNo. 7524SC782
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 221 S.E.2d 751 (State v. Wright) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Wright, 221 S.E.2d 751, 28 N.C. App. 426, 1976 N.C. App. LEXIS 2721 (N.C. Ct. App. 1976).

Opinion

BROCK, Chief Judge.

By his first assignment of error defendant argues that the trial judge should have conducted a hearing and made findings of fact upon his pre-trial motion to dismiss the jury panel for the reason that there were no Negroes on the panel. Defendant, a Negro, asserts that the fact there were no Negroes on the jury panel before the court creates a prima facie showing of discrimination in the selection of jurors and that the burden was on the State to offer evidence to overcome this prima facie showing, or his motion should be allowed. “A defendant has no right to be tried by a jury containing members of his own race or even to have a representative of his own race to serve on the jury.” State v. Noell, 284 N.C. 670, 202 S.E. 2d 750 (1974). Although a defendant has the right to be tried by a jury from which members of his own race have not been systematically and arbitrarily excluded, the defendant in this case does not challenge the system under which the jurors were drawn. He merely moved to dismiss the jury panel because there were no Negroes on the panel drawn for the session of court. Such a motion raises no question of systematic and arbitrary exclusion of Negroes, nor does the fact that no Negroes were drawn for jury duty for the particular session of court constitute a prima facie showing of systematic and arbitrary exclusion of Negroes from jury duty. There was no need for a hearing or for findings of fact upon defendant’s motion. This assignment of error is without merit and is overruled.

By his second assignment of error defendant argues that the trial judge committed error in overruling his pre-trial motion to dismiss the charges against him for failure of the State to grant him a speedy trial.

The offense alleged in the indictment against defendant occurred on or about 23 August 1973 in Watauga County. On 7 September 1973 defendant was arrested on an unrelated charge in Franklin County. While in jail in Franklin County, he was served with the warrant in this case on 5 October 1973. [428]*428Thereafter defendant was transferred to Wake County where he was held for trial on two unrelated charges. On 13 November 1973, while incarcerated in jail in Wake County awaiting trial, defendant mailed a handwritten motion for a speedy trial to the Clerk of Superior Court, Watauga County. On 17 December 1973 defendant was sentenced in Wake County to two ten-year terms of imprisonment.

Watauga County is primarily a peaceful rural mountain county. Although Appalachian State University is located in Boone, and some of the county is devoted to resort communities, historically Watauga County has not been in need of extended sessions of Superior Court for the trial of criminal cases.

During the calendar year 1974 there were only three regularly scheduled sessions of Superior Court in Watauga County for the trial of criminal cases; i.e., January, April, and September. Each of these was a one-week session. The bill of indictment in this case was returned a true bill by the grand jury at the January 1974 session. Defendant was transported to Wa-tauga County for the April 1974 session, at which time counsel was appointed for him. There has been no proper request for a speedy trial since counsel was appointed in April 1974. From the argument of counsel it appears that defendant’s case was calendared for the September 1974 session but that he was not tried at that session.

During the calendar year 1975, prior to defendant’s trial, there were only two regularly scheduled sessions of Superior Court in Watauga County for the trial of criminal cases; i.e., January and March. Each of these was a one-week session. From the argument of counsel it appears that defendant’s case was calendared for trial at both the January and March session but that he was not tried. Due to a backlog of felony cases, two one-week special sessions of Superior Court for the trial of criminal cases were scheduled for Watauga County; i.e., during the weeks of 12 May 1975 and 19 May 1975. Defendant was tried during the week of 19 May. Upon the call of his case for trial, defendant moved to dismiss the charges for failure to grant a speedy trial. The denial of this motion is the subject of defendant’s second assignment of error.

It is common knowledge that the district attorney properly first disposes of cases wherein the accused is incarcerated in the county jail awaiting trial. Apparently this was the pro[429]*429cedure followed by the district attorney serving Watauga County. In so doing, at each session the session expired before defendant’s case could be reached. Defendant was in custody of the Department of Correction serving two ten-year prison sentences. He was not incarcerated in the county jail awaiting trial. Nowhere does defendant suggest that the district attorney failed to try all of the cases during the intervening sessions that time would permit.

The foregoing resume concerning Watauga County and the sessions of Superior Court there for .the trial of criminal cases is, of course, not dispositive of defendant’s claim that he was denied a speedy trial. Those things are pointed out merely for the purpose of placing in perspective defendant’s alleged denial of a speedy trial and the opportunity the State had to bring him to trial.

Although defendant offered no evidence to show that a detainer had been filed with the Wake County authorities by Watauga County while defendant was being held for trial in Wake County, his argument suggests that such was the case. Defendant’s argument suggests that the detainer was the reason for his letter to the Clerk of Superior Court, Watauga County, in November 1973 requesting a speedy trial. However, defendant’s letter requesting a speedy trial did not comply with the provisions of G.S. 15-10.2. For example, he failed to send the letter by registered mail to the district attorney; he failed to give notice of his place of confinement; and he failed to include a certificate from the Secretary of Correction. Having failed to follow the provisions of the statute, defendant is not entitled to the statutory relief. State v. White, 270 N.C. 78, 153 S.E. 2d 774 (1967).

Defendant argues nevertheless that he has been denied a speedy trial as guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which is made applicable to the States by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. See Klopfer v. North Carolina, 386 U.S. 213, 18 L.Ed. 2d 1, 87 S.Ct. 988 (1967). Defense counsel acknowledges that the four-pronged test for determining whether an accused has been denied his Sixth Amendment right to a speedy trial as announced in Barker v. Wingo, 407 U.S. 514, 33 L.Ed. 2d 101, 92 S.Ct. 2182 (1972), was adopted in North Carolina about seven years before Barker by the opinion in State v. Hollars, [430]*430266 N.C. 45, 145 S.E. 2d 309 (1965). Therefore the test in Barker is not new to the jurisprudence of North Carolina.

“Whether a speedy trial is afforded must be determined in the light of the circumstances of each particular case . . . Four factors are relevant to a consideration of whether denial of a speedy trial assumes due process proportions: the length of the delay, the reason for the delay, the prejudice to defendant, and waiver by defendant.” State v. Hollars, ibid.

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795 S.E.2d 444 (Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2017)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
221 S.E.2d 751, 28 N.C. App. 426, 1976 N.C. App. LEXIS 2721, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-wright-ncctapp-1976.