State v. Walsh

624 S.W.2d 526, 1981 Mo. App. LEXIS 3485
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedNovember 3, 1981
DocketNo. 42316
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 624 S.W.2d 526 (State v. Walsh) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Walsh, 624 S.W.2d 526, 1981 Mo. App. LEXIS 3485 (Mo. Ct. App. 1981).

Opinion

STEPHAN, Presiding Judge.

Defendant appeals from a jury conviction of arson in the second degree, § 569.050, RSMo 1978, and from judgment sentencing him to two years’ imprisonment, albeit placing him on probation for a period of five years on condition that he serve sixty days in the county jail and fulfill other conditions. We affirm.

At 4:56 a. m. on June 12, 1979, fire was reported at Fashion House, Inc. in Cape Girardeau, Missouri. Fashion House, Inc. was a retail clothing store owned and operated by defendant Donald Walsh and his sister Naydean Walsh. Although the fire was extinguished in a few minutes, the entire contents of the store were damaged by heat and smoke.

On June 11, 1979, Naydean Walsh had been personally served with a final notice by Missouri Utilities Company that electricity would be discontinued to Fashion House on June 12, 1979, if an overdue balance of $666.92 was not paid immediately. No payment was made. That same day an order for a Writ of Replevin was entered by the United States District Court, Eastern Division at St. Louis, Missouri, instructing the marshal to take possession of the goods of Fashion House, Inc. which secured the store’s Small Business Administration (SBA) loan. The SBA had taken an assignment of the security note held by First National Bank of Cape Girardeau and had also purchased the loan from the bank when the $50,000 loan became delinquent. Defendant was personally liable on the note. In addition, the state sales tax owed, by the [528]*528store to the State of Missouri was in default and the store had been notified by the Missouri Department of Revenue that its sales license would be revoked. The retail goods of the store were covered by a “contents” insurance policy in effect on the date of the fire and having limits of $70,000.

Officer Glayne Light of the Cape Girar-deau Police Department was patrolling the downtown area at approximately 4:20 a. m. on June 12, 1979, when he saw defendant’s automobile parked in front of Fashion House. He looked into the store from his patrol car but he did not see defendant, flames, smoke or any signs of forced entry. Thirty-six minutes later the fire was reported.

Defendant and his sister were notified of the fire and arrived at the store around 6:30 a. m. At that time Fire Chief Charles Mills asked defendant when he had last been in the store, and defendant said he was there at 9:30 p. m. on the night of June 11, 1979. When Chief Mills said that defendant’s automobile was seen in front of the store, defendant said that he had stopped at the store on his way back from a drinking establishment in Illinois, and had gone inside the store but not to the rear area. Shortly thereafter at police headquarters defendant told Cape Girardeau Detective B. J. Lince-cum that he had arrived at the store at 11:00 p. m. to see if his sister was there. When he discovered she was gone, he drove to a drinking establishment in Illinois where he remained until 3:45 a. m. He then returned the short distance to the Fashion House, parked his automobile and went into the front of the store. He stated he did not go in the rear area of the store. On June 13, 1979, Douglas Stevens, an insurance adjuster, visited Fashion House to investigate the loss and spoke with defendant. Defendant mentioned he had last been at the store at 5:00 p. m. on June 11. Mr. Stevens walked down the street to conduct other business. On his return to Fashion House defendant approached Mr. Stevens to say he had also been at the store at 11:00 p. m. and at 4:00 a. m. to use the restroom.

Fire Chief Charles Mills testified that he inspected the store after the fire was extinguished. He determined that the fire started in a trash pile three feet high, three feet wide and twelve feet long at the store’s rear wall. He stated the fire did not start from natural or accidental causes; there was no evidence of explosion or the presence of inflammable liquids, and the circuit breakers were intact. The electrical wiring was damaged from external heat but not internally from a short circuit. There was no lightning that evening. Chief Mills concluded the fire was incendiary, burned rapidly and hot. It was not a smoldering fire caused by a cigarette or by contact with a light bulb. Larry Linnemeyer, special investigator from the state fire marshal’s office, confirmed this conclusion when asked his expert opinion based on a hypothetical question.

Defendant first contends that the trial court erred in denying his motion for judgment of acquittal at the close of the state’s case and at the close of all the evidence because the state failed to prove that the fire was caused by the criminal agency of defendant.1 Defendant concedes that the state may prove this element of the offense by means of circumstantial evidence, but argues that the circumstantial evidence offered by the state in this case tended to prove only motive and opportunity to commit the crime. Relying on State v. Odum, 351 S.W.2d 10, 15[3] (Mo.1961), he argues that the state failed to present evidence, either direct or circumstantial, pointing to the conclusion that defendant intentionally started the fire. We disagree.

At the outset of our analysis, we emphasize that which defendant apparently would concede. Any element of a crime [529]*529may be established by circumstantial evidence, State v. McGee, 592 S.W.2d 886, 887 (Mo.App.1980), and this often becomes a practical necessity in a prosecution for arson. As this court recently noted, “Arson is a crime usually committed in stealth and seldom in the view of witnesses and, hence, guilt must ordinarily be proven by circumstantial evidence. The incendiary origin of a fire and the guilty agency of the accused may be established by circumstantial evidence.” State v. Simpson, 606 S.W.2d 514, 518 (Mo.App.1980), citing State v. Parker, 543 S.W.2d 236, 241-242 (Mo.App.1976). See also State v. Jackson, 267 S.W. 855, 857[3] (Mo.1924).

The circumstantial evidence that defendant was the incendiary was more than adequate to make a submissible case. The fire was reported at 4:56 a. m. and defendant admitted his presence at the store at 4:00 a. m. after being confronted with the fact that a police officer on patrol saw his automobile parked in front of the store. The store had only one entrance; only defendant and Naydean had keys. This door was locked when firemen arrived. There was evidence the fire did not result from defective wiring or from lightning. The fire, which originated in a trash pile in the rear of the store, was hot and burned rapidly. It was not a smoldering fire which had burned slowly for several hours. In addition, Naydean testified the trash was contained in bags when she left the store at closing time but it was not in bags when the fire was discovered. See, e.g., State v. Parker, supra, at 242. Defendant’s contradictory statements concerning his presence at the store add force to the circumstantial evidence of his guilt.

In the Odum case, relied on by defendant, there was no evidence, circumstantial or direct, placing the arson defendant at the scene of the fire during the time it was likely to have been set.

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Bluebook (online)
624 S.W.2d 526, 1981 Mo. App. LEXIS 3485, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-walsh-moctapp-1981.