State v. Walker

344 So. 2d 990
Supreme Court of Louisiana·Decided April 11, 1977·No. 58723·Published·Cited by 32 cases

Opinion

344 So.2d 990 (1977)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Charles Ray WALKER and Gary Dean Walker.

No. 58723.

Supreme Court of Louisiana.

April 11, 1977.

*992 Steven N. Cowel, Shreveport, for defendants-appellants.

William J. Guste, Jr., Atty. Gen., Barbara Rutledge, Asst. Atty. Gen., Henry N. Brown, Jr., Dist. Atty., for plaintiff-appellee.

SANDERS, Chief Justice.

The State charged Charles Ray Walker and Gary Dean Walker by separate bills of information with attempted murder of Leslie N. Furguson, a violation of LSA-R.S. 14:27. After a consolidated trial, the jury found each defendant guilty. The court sentenced Charles Ray Walker and Gary Dean Walker to serve twelve years at hard labor.

On defendants' application, we granted an out-of-time appeal. State ex rel. Walker v. Henderson, La., 320 So.2d 903 (1975). In this out-of-time appeal, defendants raise numerous assignments of error.[1]

The facts surrounding defendants' arrests are:

Defendants and two other accomplices removed a glass plate from Pope's Cleaners and Men's Store in Bossier City during the early morning hours of December 28, 1972, and effected an illegal entry. A silent alarm sounded which caused Leslie N. Furguson, an employee of a night patrol service, to respond by proceeding to the scene. As Furguson drove his vehicle into the parking lot at the burglarized establishment, he observed two black males standing on the sidewalk next to the building. One of the men, later identified in court as Gary Dean Walker, fired a small caliber pistol at *993 Furguson four times. The other man fired a large caliber pistol at him. However, Furguson could not identify his assailant as Charles Ray Walker. After firing at Furguson, both men fled. When the police arrived, they found an accomplice still in the building. Defendants were subsequently apprehended.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 1

In Assignment of Error No. 1, defendants complain that the trial court erred in denying them a preliminary examination.

In State v. Hudson, 253 La. 992, 221 So.2d 484 (1969), we stated that the right to a preliminary examination is designed primarily to determine whether probable cause exists to charge the accused.

Defendants alleged in their motion for a preliminary examination, that they are innocent and that there is no proof against them. Defendants have been tried and found guilty by a jury. We have consistently held that after a defendant has been tried and convicted by a jury, the question of probable cause is moot. State v. Luckett, La., 327 So.2d 365 (1976); State v. Monk, La., 315 So.2d 727 (1975); State v. Richardson, 258 La. 62, 245 So.2d 357 (1971).

Assignment of Error No. 1 is without merit.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 2

In Assignment of Error No. 2, defendants complain of the denial of the following information requested in the motion for a bill of particulars:

"What weapon, if any, is alleged to have been used by the defendant or his co-defendants?
"Who is alleged to have used said weapon?
"Exactly how defendant is alleged to have committed the alleged crime."

In State v. Nance, La., 315 So.2d 695 (1975), we held that a defendant does not have a right to be informed of "the type of dangerous weapon used" in a bill of particulars.

The purpose of the bill of particulars is to more fully inform the defendant of the nature and cause of the charge against him with sufficient information before trial to properly prepare his defense. LSA-C.Cr.P. Art. 484.

However, a bill of particulars may not be used to discover the details of the evidence with which the State expects to prove its case. State v. Hunter, La., 340 So.2d 226 (1976); State v. Redfud, La., 325 So.2d 595 (1976); State v. Monk, La., 315 So.2d 727 (1975); State v. Kado, La., 300 So.2d 461 (1974).

Explaining "exactly how" defendant or defendants are alleged to have committed the crime and who is alleged to have used the weapon is providing evidentiary details to which defendants are clearly not entitled.

Assignment of Error No. 2 is without merit.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 3

In Assignment of Error No. 3, defendant Charles Ray Walker argues that the trial court erred in refusing police and arrest records pertaining to him during his custody in the Bossier City Police Department. He contends that police and arrest records are public records and thus he is entitled to them.

In State v. Square, 257 La. 743, 244 So.2d 200 (1971), we denied the same information, noting the well established rule limiting pretrial discovery. Defendant's reliance upon the Public Records Act, LSA-R.S. 44:1 et seq., is misplaced. LSA-R.S. 44:3 permits any sheriff or district attorney, police officer, investigating officer, or investigating agency of the State to withhold from disclosure any evidence in their possession until after the records have been used in court or the criminal charge has been disposed of. The trial court correctly denied defendants' request for the arrest and police records.

Assignment of Error No. 3 is without merit.

*994 ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 4

In Assignment of Error No. 4, defendant Charles Ray Walker contends that the trial court erred in denying his motion for the appointment of an investigator to assist in his defense.

We have held that, absent a clear showing of special circumstances, a motion to appoint an investigator is correctly denied. State v. Jackson, La., 324 So.2d 398 (1975); State v. Cummings, La., 324 So.2d 401 (1975). In the instant case, defendant made no showing warranting the appointment.

Assignment of Error No. 4 is without merit.

ASSIGNMENTS OF ERRORS NOS. 6 AND 7

In Assignment of Error No. 6, defendants complain that the trial court erred in allowing the introduction of two oral inculpatory statements of a co-perpetrator without the State's having given the requisite "768 notice." LSA-C.Cr.P. Art. 768. In Assignment of Error No. 7, defendants complain that the trial court erred in refusing to grant their continuance request when they learned of the introduction of the oral inculpatory statement.

Prior to trial, the State gave notice of its intention to use written, as well as oral inculpatory statements. Defendants complain that they were surprised and requested a continuance because they were led to believe by the State that only written statements, copies of which they had received, existed because of comments made by the State at a hearing on a motion to produce evidence.

The trial court ruled that because defendants were given the requisite notice prior to trial that the State intended to use the oral and inculpatory statements, the codal requirement of "Article 768 notice" was met. In addition, after listening to the tape recording of the alleged misleading statements made by the State at the hearing on the motion to produce, the court concluded that the State made it clear that oral statements did exist and that the State could not produce them because they were not reduced to writing.

We agree with the lower court's conclusion that the defendants were informed of the existence of oral statements by the following statement:

"As far as the motion to examine statements of co-defendants, the state will state that we do have statements given by two co-defendants which have been recorded and reduced to writing and those statements we'd be happy to furnish the defense counsel.

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