State v. Straub

111 So. 3d 38, 2012 La.App. 1 Cir. 0270, 2012 WL 4320400, 2012 La. App. LEXIS 1187
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedSeptember 21, 2012
DocketNo. 2012 KA 0270
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 111 So. 3d 38 (State v. Straub) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Straub, 111 So. 3d 38, 2012 La.App. 1 Cir. 0270, 2012 WL 4320400, 2012 La. App. LEXIS 1187 (La. Ct. App. 2012).

Opinion

McDonald, j.

| ^Defendant, Tony Keith Straub, Jr., was charged by grand jury indictment with one count of aggravated rape of a victim under the age of thirteen years, a violation of La. [39]*39R.S. 14:42(A)(4), and pled not guilty. After a jury found defendant guilty as charged, the trial court sentenced defendant to life imprisonment at hard labor, and, in recognition of the Supreme Court’s ruling in Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. 48, 130 S.Ct. 2011, 176 L.Ed.2d 825 (2010), added that defendant would have the benefit of potential parole at a later date. The trial court subsequently denied defendant’s post trial motions.

In an earlier appeal, State v. Straub, 2011-0155 (La.App. 1st Cir.6/10/11), 2011 WL 3557882 (unpublished), this court affirmed defendant’s conviction, but vacated defendant’s sentence and remanded this matter for resentencing because the trial court failed to rule on defendant’s post trial motions prior to sentencing. On remand, the trial court denied defendant’s post trial motions, and defendant waived all delays for resentencing. The trial court again sentenced defendant to life imprisonment at hard labor and stated that defendant would have the possibility of parole at a later date. Defendant now appeals, alleging one assignment of error pertaining to his resentencing.1 For the following reasons, we affirm defendant’s sentence with instructions.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR

Defendant now argues that the trial court erred in resentencing him to life imprisonment with the possibility of parole. He specifically contends that the sentence imposed was illegally lenient under the provisions of the applicable sentencing statute. Relying on State v. Craig, 340 So.2d 191, 193-94 (La.1976) and Graham, defendant asserts that since the legislatively authorized punishment |sfor aggravated rape is unconstitutional in this case, the trial court should have imposed a sentence of ten to fifty years at hard labor, without benefit of parole, probation, or suspension of sentencing, consistent with the next authorized responsive verdict of attempted aggravated rape.

The United States Supreme Court’s decision in Graham held that the Eighth Amendment forbids the sentence of life without parole for a juvenile offender who did not commit homicide. A state need not guarantee the offender eventual release, but if it imposes a sentence of life it must provide him or her with some meaningful opportunity to obtain release before the end of that term. Graham, 560 U.S. at 48, 130 S.Ct. at 2030. Graham reflects the Supreme Court’s determination that juveniles are a special class of offenders deserving of special protections otherwise not accorded adult offenders, and for purposes of the Eighth Amendment, a juvenile is a person under the age of 18 years at the time of the offense. By adopting a categorical rule, Graham “gives all juvenile nonhomicide offenders a chance to demonstrate maturity and reform.” Graham, 560 U.S. at 48, 130 S.Ct. at 2030 & 2032.

After the trial court’s resentencing in this case, in State v. Shaffer, 2011-1756 (La.11/23/11), 77 So.3d 939 (per curiam), the Louisiana Supreme Court issued a per curiam opinion concerning three relators, Shaffer, Leason, and Dyer, who had been convicted of aggravated rape where the offenses were committed while the offenders were under the age of eighteen. See also State v. Leason, 2011-1757 (La.11/23/11), 77 So.3d 933 (per curiam); State v. Dyer, 2011-1758 (La.11/23/11), 77 [40]*40So.3d 928 (per curiam). In the consolidated applications, relators sought review following denial in the trial court of their motions to correct an illegal sentence and for relief from their terms of life imprisonment at hard labor. Relator Shaffer was convicted of aggravated rape committed while he was a | Juvenile and was sentenced to death. That sentence was subsequently vacated, and he was sentenced to life in prison at hard labor. Relator Leason was convicted of aggravated rape committed as a juvenile and was sentenced to life in prison at hard labor. Even though these two sentences did not preclude eligibility for parole, the relators argued that they were in fact ineligible for parole under La. R.S. 15:574.4(B), which states in pertinent part that no prisoner serving a life sentence shall be eligible for parole consideration until his life sentence has been commuted to a fixed term of years. Relator Dyer was convicted of aggravated rape committed as a juvenile and was sentenced to life in prison at hard labor without the benefit of parole, probation, or suspension of sentence. All three relators argued that their sentences were illegal under Graham and that the proper remedy would be to resentence them according to the penalties provided for the lesser and included offense of attempted aggravated rape.

The Court found that the sentences of all three relators in Shaffer violated the mandate of the Graham case. However, it rejected the relators’ arguments that they should be resentenced to serve the penalty for attempted aggravated rape. The Court specifically held, relying on Graham, that the Eighth Amendment precludes the state from interposing the Governor’s ad hoc exercise of executive clemency as a gateway to accessing procedures the state has established for ameliorating long terms of imprisonment as part of the rehabilitative process to which inmates serving life terms for non-homicide crimes committed when they were under the age of 18 years would otherwise have access, once they reach the age of 45 years and have served 20 years of their sentences in actual custody. Shaffer, 77 So.3d at 942. In formulating the appropriate remedy to satisfy the mandate of Graham, as did the trial court upon resentencing in this case, the Court amended Dyer’s sentence to delete the restriction on parole eligibility. Further, the Department of Corrections was directed to revise Dyer’s prison master to reflect that his sentence |Bis no longer without the benefit of parole and to revise all three relators’ prison masters according to La. R.S. 15:574.4(A)(2) to reflect eligibility for consideration by the Board of Parole.2 Shaffer, 77 So.3d at 942-43. The Court stated that its decision in Shaffer is “an interim measure (based on the legislature’s own criteria) pending the legislature’s response to Graham.”3 Shaffer, 77 So.3d at 943 n. 6.

[41]*41The Court reiterated that it was not ordering the relators released on parole, stating that the determination of whether the relators may be released on parole falls within the exclusive purview of the Board of Parole, charged with the duty of ordering parole “only for the best interest of society, not as an award of clemency.” La. R.S. 15:574.4.1(B). The Court stated that access to the Board’s consideration will satisfy the mandate of Graham. Although the Shaffer court did not expressly overrule Craig (wherein the Louisiana Supreme Court remanded for resentencing for aggravated rape to the most serious penalty for the next available responsive ^verdict, which is attempted aggravated rape), it is clear that the Court considered and rejected the Craig remedy, albeit without explanation. Shaffer, 77 So.3d at 941 n. 3.

In the present case, we find that defendant’s legal position requires the same resolution granted to those relators in Shaffer.

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Bluebook (online)
111 So. 3d 38, 2012 La.App. 1 Cir. 0270, 2012 WL 4320400, 2012 La. App. LEXIS 1187, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-straub-lactapp-2012.