State v. Smith

846 So. 2d 786, 2003 WL 291924
Louisiana Court of Appeal·Decided February 12, 2003·No. 02-719·Published·Cited by 272 cases

Opinion

846 So.2d 786 (2003)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Ronald M. SMITH, Jr.

No. 02-719.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

February 12, 2003.

*787 Paula C. Marx, Louisiana Appellate Project, Lafayette, LA, for Defendant/Appellant, Ronald M. Smith, Jr.

David W. Burton, District Attorney, DeRidder, LA, for Appellee, State of Louisiana.

Court composed of ULYSSES GENE THIBODEAUX, SYLVIA R. COOKS and JIMMIE C. PETERS, Judges.

COOKS, Judge.

On or about August 8, 2001, Ronald M. Smith, Jr., who was thirty at the time, had consensual sexual intercourse with a sixteen-year old victim. He was convicted by a jury of carnal knowledge of a juvenile, a violation of La.R.S. 14:80 and was sentenced to seven years at hard labor and ordered to pay a fine of fifteen hundred dollars, plus court costs. Smith appeals, asserting his sentence is excessive and the trial court did not adequately consider mitigating factors required by La.Code Crim.P. art. 894.1.

Compliance with La.Code Crim.P. art. 894.1 and Excessiveness of Sentence

The defendant alleges the trial court did not adequately consider the mitigating factors as required by La.Code Crim.P. art. 894.1 and the sentence is constitutionally excessive under the circumstances of the case.

The sentencing guidelines to be followed by the trial court are found in Article 894.1. In considering these guidelines, this court has held:

[T]he trial court must "state for the record the considerations taken into account and the factual basis therefor in imposing sentence." La.Code Crim.P. art. 894.1(C). The purpose of obligating a trial court to do so "is to insure that each sentence is individualized to the offender and the offense." State v. Davis, 511 So.2d 91, 92 (La.App. 3 Cir. 1987). However, to comply with La. Code Crim.P. art. 894.1(C), the trial court is not required to "articulate every circumstance or read through a checklist of items." State v. Anderson, 95-1688, p. 4 (La.App. 3 Cir. 5/8/96); 677 So.2d 480, 483. Still, the record should sufficiently establish that the trial court adequately considered the guidelines of La. Code Crim.P. art. 894.1 in particularizing a defendant's sentence. Id.

State v. Spencer, 00-1335, p. 7 (La.App. 3 Cir. 2/28/01); 781 So.2d 780, 785.

At the sentencing hearing for Smith, the trial judge stated:

The offense occurred on August 8, 2001, in the ladies' prayer room of the Trout Creek Pentecostal Church, which is located near the Junction Community in Beauregard Parish, Louisiana.
At the time of the offense the victim, S.F., was 16 years of age and you were 30 years of age. From my observations at the trial, S.F. did not appear particularly mature for her age, either from the perspective of her physical appearance or from observing her conduct. You were fully aware that she was 16 years of age at the time you committed this crime.
*788 At the conclusion of the trial the Court ordered a presentence investigation to be prepared by the Division of Probation and Parole. I have received that report, and it has been thoroughly reviewed by the Court.
. . . .
According to the PSI, your only prior criminal conviction was for possession of drug paraphernalia in Myers County, Florida, in 1994.
After your arrest in the instant case, you were granted bail with specific instructions from the Court and with bail being conditioned on you having no contact whatsoever with S.F. You ignored the instructions and conditions of your bond; and as a result, you were placed back in the Beauregard Parish Jail to await trial.
I have considered all provisions of Code of Criminal Procedure Article 894.1, which provides the factors to be taken into account as to whether you should receive a probated sentence, as well as sentencing guidelines. I find there are particularly aggravating circumstances in this case. The father of S.F. had repeatedly instructed you to stay away from his daughter, your own mother told you that S.F. was too young for you, you acknowledge that you knew she was only 16, and, further, you violated the instructions of this Court and the provisions of your bond pertaining to no contact with S.F. while you were awaiting trial. For all of these reasons, I find that you are not a good candidate for probation.
All factors considered, the Court finds that confinement with the Department of Corrections for a substantial period of time is appropriate in your case.

The defendant argues the trial court placed too much emphasis on the assertions that the victim's father repeatedly told him to stay away from the victim, that the defendant's mother told him the victim was too young for him, and that he had contact with the victim against the trial court's orders after he was released from jail on bond. The defendant argues "that improper weight was given to these factors, and too little emphasis was placed on mitigation factors, such as Smith's first offender status," and on the fact that after his release on bond it was the victim who "stole her father's van and went to see him." The defendant contends the trial court failed to consider as mitigating factors that the victim was not harmed and was an active participant.

We find the fact that Smith was warned to stay away from the victim indicates Smith ignored the consequences involved in engaging in sexual intercourse with a juvenile, thereby supporting the trial court's finding that Smith would commit the same offense again. See La.Code Crim.P. art. 894.1(A)(1). Additionally, consent is an element of the offense of carnal knowledge of a juvenile; therefore, the fact that the victim was an active participant in Smith's criminal conduct is not a mitigating factor to be considered. "The articulation of the factual basis for a sentence is the goal of La.C.Cr.P. art. 894.1, not rigid or mechanical compliance with its provisions." State v. Bugbee, 34,524, p. 12 (La.App. 2 Cir. 2/28/01); 781 So.2d 748, 758. We find the trial court adequately considered the sentencing guidelines when he imposed Smith's sentence as required by La.Code Crim.P. art. 894.1.

Smith contends his sentence of seven years at hard labor is constitutionally excessive under the circumstances of this case. Louisiana Revised Statutes 14:80(C) provides imprisonment of not more than ten years, with or without hard labor.

*789 Smith was sentenced to seven years at hard labor.

In determining whether a sentence is excessive, this court stated, in State v. Hammock, 97-1164 p. 5 (La.App. 3 Cir. 4/1/98); 711 So.2d 756, at 758, writ denied, 98-1143 (La.9/25/98); 726 So.2d 11:

For a sentence to be excessive, the penalty must be so grossly disproportionate to the severity of the crime as to shock our sense of justice or that the sentence makes no measurable contribution to acceptable penal goals and, therefore it is nothing more than needless imposition of pain and suffering. State v. Campbell, 404 So.2d 1205 (La.1981); State v. Everett, 530 So.2d 615 (La.App. 3 Cir. 1988), writ denied, 536 So.2d 1233 (La. 1989).

Id. at p. 5, 758. See, also, the recent Louisiana Supreme Court case of State v. Smith, 99-0606 (La.7/6/00); 766 So.2d 501.

In deciding whether a sentence is shocking or makes no meaningful contribution to acceptable penal goals, an a

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State v. Smith, 846 So. 2d 786, 2003 WL 291924 (La. Ct. App. 2003).

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