[Cite as State v. Simmons, 2014-Ohio-3038.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 100638
STATE OF OHIO PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE
vs.
ANTHONY SIMMONS DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
Criminal Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Case No. CR-08-512632-A
BEFORE: Boyle, A.J., Kilbane, J., and E.T. Gallagher, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: July 10, 2014 FOR APPELLANT
Anthony Simmons, pro se Inmate No. 561-857 Marion Correctional Institution P.O. Box 57 Marion, Ohio 43301
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Timothy J. McGinty Cuyahoga County Prosecutor BY: T. Allan Regas Assistant County Prosecutor 8th Floor Justice Center 1200 Ontario Street Cleveland, Ohio 44113 MARY J. BOYLE, A.J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant, Anthony Simmons, appeals from the trial court’s
judgment denying his motion to vacate and set aside void sentence. He raises three
assignments of error for our review:
1. Trial court erred in not advising of right to appeal pursuant to Ohio Crim.R. 32(B).
2. Trial court failed to properly impose postrelease control pursuant to R.C. 2943.032.
3. Trial court erred in sentencing to crime that was not proved by proof of prior conviction.
{¶2} Finding no merit to his appeal, we affirm.
Procedural History
{¶3} In June 2008, Simmons was indicted for aggravated robbery, kidnapping,
and having a weapon while under disability. The aggravated robbery and kidnapping
charges carried one- and three-year firearm specifications. The charges arose after
Simmons forced his father at gunpoint into his vehicle and ordered him to withdraw
$1,700 in cash from his bank account.
{¶4} In January 2009, Simmons pleaded guilty to aggravated robbery with a
one-year firearm specification, and to having a weapon while under a disability. The
remaining charges were nolled. The trial court sentenced Simmons to a seven-year
prison sentence: five years for aggravated robbery, plus one year for the firearm
specification, to be served prior to and consecutive to the aggravated robbery, and one year for having a weapon while under a disability, to be served consecutive to the aggravated
robbery.
{¶5} Simmons filed leave for a motion for delayed appeal on June 2, 2009. This
court denied his motion and dismissed his appeal.
{¶6} In December 2009, Simmons filed a motion to withdraw his guilty plea,
which the trial court denied. Simmons appealed. This court affirmed the trial court’s
denial of Simmons’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea. See State v. Simmons, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 94982, 2010-Ohio-6188.
{¶7} In September 2013, Simmons filed a motion to vacate and set aside void
sentence, which the trial court denied. It is from this judgment that Simmons now
appeals.
Untimely Petition for Postconviction Relief
{¶8} This court has consistently maintained:
A motion that is not filed pursuant to a specific rule of criminal procedure “must be categorized by a court in order for the court to know the criteria by which the motion should be judged.” Where a criminal defendant, subsequent to a direct appeal, files a motion seeking vacation or correction of his or her sentence on the basis that his or her constitutional rights have been violated, such a motion is a petition for postconviction relief as defined in R.C. 2953.21.
State v. Marks, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 99474, 2013-Ohio-3734, quoting State v.
Alexander, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 95995, 2011-Ohio-1380, ¶ 12; see also State v. Kelly, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 97673, 2012-Ohio-2930, ¶ 11; State v. Meincke, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 96407, 2011-Ohio-6473; State v. Reynolds, 79 Ohio St.3d 158, 160-161,
679 N.E.2d 1131 (1997).
{¶9} R.C. 2953.21 through 2953.23 set forth the means by which a convicted
defendant may seek to have the trial court’s judgment or sentence vacated or set aside
pursuant to a petition for postconviction relief. A defendant’s petition for postconviction
relief is a collateral civil attack on his or her criminal conviction. See State v. Gondor, 112
Ohio St.3d 377, 2006-Ohio-6679, 860 N.E.2d 77, ¶ 48. The statute affords relief from
judgment where the petitioner’s rights in the proceedings that resulted in his conviction
were denied to such an extent the conviction is rendered void or voidable under the Ohio or
United States Constitutions. R.C. 2953.21(A); State v. Perry, 10 Ohio St.2d 175, 226
N.E.2d 104 (1967), paragraph four of the syllabus.
{¶10} A defendant, however, must file any motion to be considered pursuant to R.C.
2953.21 within the jurisdictional, 180-day time limit delineated in the statute. R.C.
2953.21 provides that the petition must be filed within 180 days from the filing of the trial
transcripts in the petitioner’s direct appeal or, if a direct appeal was not pursued, 180 days
after the expiration of the time in which a direct appeal could have been filed. Simmons
did not file his motion until well beyond the 180 days after the expiration of the time to file
his direct appeal.
{¶11} R.C. 2953.23(A)(1) allows a trial court to entertain an untimely or successive
petition only if: (1) the petitioner was unavoidably prevented from discovering the facts on which the petition is predicated, or (2) the United States Supreme Court has recognized a
new federal or state right that applies retroactively to the petitioner and the petition asserts
a claim based on that new right. R.C. 2953.23(A)(1)(a). If the petitioner is able to
satisfy one of these threshold conditions, he or she must then demonstrate that, but for the
constitutional error at trial, no reasonable factfinder would have found him or her guilty of
the offenses of which he was convicted. R.C. 2953.23(A)(1)(b).
{¶12} Therefore, unless it appears from the record that Simmons was unavoidably
prevented from discovering facts upon which he relied in his petition, or the United States
Supreme Court has recognized a new federal or state right that applies retroactively to him,
and that but for constitutional error at trial, no reasonable factfinder would have found him
guilty, we are bound to conclude the trial court was without jurisdiction to consider his
petition for postconviction relief.
Analysis
{¶13} Simmons does not even allege, let alone establish, any of the requirements
necessary to bring an untimely petition for postconviction relief. Simmons does not claim
that he was unavoidably prevented from discovering the facts upon which he relied in his
petition. Nor has the United States Supreme Court recognized a new federal or state right
that applies retroactively to Simmons. Thus, he does not meet the threshold requirements
that are necessary before a trial court can consider his petition. Accordingly, the trial
court was without jurisdiction to address his petition.
{¶14} Even overlooking Simmons’s procedural problems with his petition, his arguments still fail. Regarding his first assignment of error that he was not advised of his
right to appeal, Simmons has failed to provide a transcript to this court. “In the absence
of a record, the proceedings at trial are presumed correct.” State v. Brown, 38 Ohio St.3d
305, 528 N.E.2d 523 (1988).
Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI
[Cite as State v. Simmons, 2014-Ohio-3038.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 100638
STATE OF OHIO PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE
vs.
ANTHONY SIMMONS DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
Criminal Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Case No. CR-08-512632-A
BEFORE: Boyle, A.J., Kilbane, J., and E.T. Gallagher, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: July 10, 2014 FOR APPELLANT
Anthony Simmons, pro se Inmate No. 561-857 Marion Correctional Institution P.O. Box 57 Marion, Ohio 43301
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Timothy J. McGinty Cuyahoga County Prosecutor BY: T. Allan Regas Assistant County Prosecutor 8th Floor Justice Center 1200 Ontario Street Cleveland, Ohio 44113 MARY J. BOYLE, A.J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant, Anthony Simmons, appeals from the trial court’s
judgment denying his motion to vacate and set aside void sentence. He raises three
assignments of error for our review:
1. Trial court erred in not advising of right to appeal pursuant to Ohio Crim.R. 32(B).
2. Trial court failed to properly impose postrelease control pursuant to R.C. 2943.032.
3. Trial court erred in sentencing to crime that was not proved by proof of prior conviction.
{¶2} Finding no merit to his appeal, we affirm.
Procedural History
{¶3} In June 2008, Simmons was indicted for aggravated robbery, kidnapping,
and having a weapon while under disability. The aggravated robbery and kidnapping
charges carried one- and three-year firearm specifications. The charges arose after
Simmons forced his father at gunpoint into his vehicle and ordered him to withdraw
$1,700 in cash from his bank account.
{¶4} In January 2009, Simmons pleaded guilty to aggravated robbery with a
one-year firearm specification, and to having a weapon while under a disability. The
remaining charges were nolled. The trial court sentenced Simmons to a seven-year
prison sentence: five years for aggravated robbery, plus one year for the firearm
specification, to be served prior to and consecutive to the aggravated robbery, and one year for having a weapon while under a disability, to be served consecutive to the aggravated
robbery.
{¶5} Simmons filed leave for a motion for delayed appeal on June 2, 2009. This
court denied his motion and dismissed his appeal.
{¶6} In December 2009, Simmons filed a motion to withdraw his guilty plea,
which the trial court denied. Simmons appealed. This court affirmed the trial court’s
denial of Simmons’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea. See State v. Simmons, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 94982, 2010-Ohio-6188.
{¶7} In September 2013, Simmons filed a motion to vacate and set aside void
sentence, which the trial court denied. It is from this judgment that Simmons now
appeals.
Untimely Petition for Postconviction Relief
{¶8} This court has consistently maintained:
A motion that is not filed pursuant to a specific rule of criminal procedure “must be categorized by a court in order for the court to know the criteria by which the motion should be judged.” Where a criminal defendant, subsequent to a direct appeal, files a motion seeking vacation or correction of his or her sentence on the basis that his or her constitutional rights have been violated, such a motion is a petition for postconviction relief as defined in R.C. 2953.21.
State v. Marks, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 99474, 2013-Ohio-3734, quoting State v.
Alexander, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 95995, 2011-Ohio-1380, ¶ 12; see also State v. Kelly, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 97673, 2012-Ohio-2930, ¶ 11; State v. Meincke, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 96407, 2011-Ohio-6473; State v. Reynolds, 79 Ohio St.3d 158, 160-161,
679 N.E.2d 1131 (1997).
{¶9} R.C. 2953.21 through 2953.23 set forth the means by which a convicted
defendant may seek to have the trial court’s judgment or sentence vacated or set aside
pursuant to a petition for postconviction relief. A defendant’s petition for postconviction
relief is a collateral civil attack on his or her criminal conviction. See State v. Gondor, 112
Ohio St.3d 377, 2006-Ohio-6679, 860 N.E.2d 77, ¶ 48. The statute affords relief from
judgment where the petitioner’s rights in the proceedings that resulted in his conviction
were denied to such an extent the conviction is rendered void or voidable under the Ohio or
United States Constitutions. R.C. 2953.21(A); State v. Perry, 10 Ohio St.2d 175, 226
N.E.2d 104 (1967), paragraph four of the syllabus.
{¶10} A defendant, however, must file any motion to be considered pursuant to R.C.
2953.21 within the jurisdictional, 180-day time limit delineated in the statute. R.C.
2953.21 provides that the petition must be filed within 180 days from the filing of the trial
transcripts in the petitioner’s direct appeal or, if a direct appeal was not pursued, 180 days
after the expiration of the time in which a direct appeal could have been filed. Simmons
did not file his motion until well beyond the 180 days after the expiration of the time to file
his direct appeal.
{¶11} R.C. 2953.23(A)(1) allows a trial court to entertain an untimely or successive
petition only if: (1) the petitioner was unavoidably prevented from discovering the facts on which the petition is predicated, or (2) the United States Supreme Court has recognized a
new federal or state right that applies retroactively to the petitioner and the petition asserts
a claim based on that new right. R.C. 2953.23(A)(1)(a). If the petitioner is able to
satisfy one of these threshold conditions, he or she must then demonstrate that, but for the
constitutional error at trial, no reasonable factfinder would have found him or her guilty of
the offenses of which he was convicted. R.C. 2953.23(A)(1)(b).
{¶12} Therefore, unless it appears from the record that Simmons was unavoidably
prevented from discovering facts upon which he relied in his petition, or the United States
Supreme Court has recognized a new federal or state right that applies retroactively to him,
and that but for constitutional error at trial, no reasonable factfinder would have found him
guilty, we are bound to conclude the trial court was without jurisdiction to consider his
petition for postconviction relief.
Analysis
{¶13} Simmons does not even allege, let alone establish, any of the requirements
necessary to bring an untimely petition for postconviction relief. Simmons does not claim
that he was unavoidably prevented from discovering the facts upon which he relied in his
petition. Nor has the United States Supreme Court recognized a new federal or state right
that applies retroactively to Simmons. Thus, he does not meet the threshold requirements
that are necessary before a trial court can consider his petition. Accordingly, the trial
court was without jurisdiction to address his petition.
{¶14} Even overlooking Simmons’s procedural problems with his petition, his arguments still fail. Regarding his first assignment of error that he was not advised of his
right to appeal, Simmons has failed to provide a transcript to this court. “In the absence
of a record, the proceedings at trial are presumed correct.” State v. Brown, 38 Ohio St.3d
305, 528 N.E.2d 523 (1988). As the Ohio Supreme Court stated in Knapp v. Edwards
Laboratories, 61 Ohio St.2d 197, 400 N.E.2d 384 (1980):
The duty to provide a transcript for appellate review falls upon the appellant. This is necessarily so because an appellant bears the burden of showing error by reference to matters in the record. * * * When portions of the transcript necessary for resolution of assigned errors are omitted from the record, the reviewing court has nothing to pass upon and thus, as to those assigned errors, the court has no choice but to presume the validity of the lower court’s proceedings, and affirm.
Id. at 199.
{¶15} Accordingly, without any record to review, we must presume regularity in the
proceedings of the trial court and summarily reject appellant’s assignment of error.
{¶16} With respect to his second assignment of error, where he argued that the trial
court failed to properly advise him of postrelease control in a previous criminal case that
led to his current having a weapon while under a disability conviction, we find this
argument to be entirely without merit. Even if Simmons was not properly advised of
postrelease control in his previous criminal case, which we cannot determine if he was
because he did not provide a transcript of his previous sentencing hearing or a sentencing
entry from that case, only the postrelease control portion of his sentence would be contrary
to law; his previous conviction would stand. See State v. Fischer, 128 Ohio St.3d 92,
2010-Ohio-6238, 942 N.E.2d 332 (“[W]hen a judge fails to impose statutorily mandated postrelease control as part of a defendant’s sentence, that part of the sentence is void and
must be set aside”). Thus, Simmons’s argument is without merit.
{¶17} In his final assignment of error, he argues that the state did not prove the
having a weapon while under a disability charge because he was not properly advised of
postrelease control in his previous criminal case that led to his having a weapon while
under a disability conviction. Again, even if his postrelease control was invalid in his
previous criminal case, his conviction would stand.
{¶18} Accordingly, Simmons’s assignments of error are without merit.
{¶19} Judgment affirmed.
It is ordered that appellee recover of appellant costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the common
pleas court to carry this judgment into execution. The defendant’s conviction having
been affirmed, any bail pending appeal is terminated. Case remanded to the trial court
for execution of sentence.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the
Rules of Appellate Procedure.
MARY J. BOYLE, ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE
MARY EILEEN KILBANE, J., and EILEEN T. GALLAGHER, J., CONCUR