[Cite as State v. Schoenlein, 2018-Ohio-1653.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT WOOD COUNTY
State of Ohio Court of Appeals No. WD-17-031
Appellee Trial Court No. 16 CR 167
v.
Thomas Schoenlein DECISION AND JUDGMENT
Appellant Decided: April 27, 2018
*****
Paul A. Dobson, Wood County Prosecuting Attorney, and David T. Harold, Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for appellee.
Joseph C. Patituce, Megan M. Patituce and Catherine R. Meehan, for appellant.
OSOWIK, J.
{¶ 1} This is an appeal from a May 9, 2017 judgment of the Wood County Court
of Common Pleas, in which appellant was found guilty following a jury trial of one count
of rape, in violation of R.C. 2907.02, a felony of the first degree, one count of kidnapping, in violation of R.C. 2905.01, a felony of the first degree accompanied by a
sexual motivation specification, in violation of R.C. 2941.174, and one count of
abduction, in violation of R.C. 2905.02, a felony of the third degree.
{¶ 2} Following these convictions, appellant was sentenced to a four-year term of
incarceration and classified as a Tier III sexual offender. For the reasons set forth below,
this court affirms the judgment of the trial court.
{¶ 3} Appellant, Thomas Schoenlein, sets forth the following six assignments of
error:
1: THE STATE ENGAGED IN MULTIPLE INSTANCES OF
PROSECUTORIAL MISCONDUCT WHICH INFRINGED UPON
DEFENDANT’S CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS AND COMPROMISED
THE INTEGRITY OF THE VERDICT.
2: THE STATE OF ELICITED IMPROPER BOLSTERING
EXPERT TESTIMONY FROM DETECTIVE HARTMAN WITHOUT
LAYING A PROPER FOUNDATION.
3: THE STATE PRESENTED INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO
SUSTAIN A CONVICTION AS TO THE SEXUAL MOTIV [I] ATION
SPECIFICATION.
4: DEFENDANT’S CONVICTION[S] W[ERE] AGAINST THE
MANIFEST WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE.
2. 5: TRIAL COUNSEL’S PERFORMANCE WAS SO
INEFFECTIVE THAT IT AFFECTED THE OUTCOME OF THE TRIAL
AND VIOLATED DEFENDANT’S SIXTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS.
6: THE CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF THE ERRORS IN THIS
CASE SUBSTANTIALLY AFFECTED THE OUTCOME AND
VIOLATED DEFENDANT’S CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS BY
DENYING HIM A FAIR TRIAL.
{¶ 4} The following undisputed facts are relevant to this appeal. On January 17,
2016, late at night shortly after local bars had closed, a minor female residing with her
family in Bowling Green took the family dog outside as the dog needed to go to the
bathroom.
{¶ 5} While the girl was outside with the family dog, she was approached by
appellant. Appellant had spent the night consuming alcohol at various local bars and was
walking past the victim’s home when he observed her outside. Although appellant
initially suggested that the victim approached him to make sure he knew where he was
going, he later conceded that he actually approached the victim ostensibly seeking
directions.
{¶ 6} Appellant began flirting with the victim and engaging in sexually suggestive
conversation. Appellant conveyed to the victim that he wanted to kiss her. She declined.
Appellant nevertheless persisted in pursuing the victim sexually, told her that no one
would find out, and forcibly kissed the victim.
3. {¶ 7} Appellant’s unlawful sexual conduct quickly escalated. Appellant, a strong
college football player, easily overpowered the victim. Appellant pushed the victim
against cars parked in the driveway, hustled the victim to the rear of the home, placed her
upon a small table, ripped the victim’s shirt off, pulled her skirt down, and raped her.
{¶ 8} The victim repeatedly told appellant to stop. The rape was interrupted
shortly thereafter by the victim’s father who had come outside searching for his daughter.
{¶ 9} The victim’s father chased appellant on foot. Appellant’s pants were
unbuckled, and down around his legs as he attempted to flee the scene. The distraught
victim retreated into her home where she told her sister what had occurred.
{¶ 10} The victim was later transported to Wood County Hospital where she was
examined by a sexual assault nurse examiner (“SANE”) and DNA samples were
recovered and prepared for evidentiary testing.
{¶ 11} The Bowling Green Police Department was contacted, appellant was
caught in the vicinity, and taken into custody. Appellant initially denied that any sexual
conduct occurred between himself and the victim. Appellant made multiple factual
misrepresentations of the events to the investigating officers.
{¶ 12} Following subsequent DNA testing positively identifying appellant’s DNA
having been recovered from the victim’s vaginal fluid, underwear, and skin samples,
appellant conceded to sexual intercourse with the victim. Appellant now unpersuasively
claimed that the late night intercourse with the random girl he happened upon outside
4. while walking past her home as she took the family dog out to relieve itself was
consensual.
{¶ 13} On April 7, 2016, appellant was indicted on one count of rape, in violation
of R.C. 2907.02, a felony of the first degree, one count of kidnapping, in violation of R.C.
2905.01, a felony of the first degree accompanied with a sexual motivation specification,
and one count of abduction, in violation of R.C. 2905.02, a felony of the third degree.
{¶ 14} On March 15, 2017, the matter proceeded to jury trial. On March 16, 2017,
the jury found appellant guilty on all counts. A presentence investigation was ordered.
On May 8, 2017, appellant was sentenced to a four-year term of incarceration and was
classified as a Tier III sexual offender. This appeal ensued.
{¶ 15} In the first assignment of error, appellant sets forth an array of alleged
instances of prosecutorial misconduct and asserts that the alleged misconduct fatally
compromised the verdict. We do not concur.
{¶ 16} It is well-established that, “[P]rosecutors are entitled to considerable
latitude.” State v. Holbrook, 6th Dist. Huron No. H-14-003, 2015-Ohio-4780, ¶ 40. In
conjunction with this, the Ohio Supreme Court has consistently held that statements by
prosecutors may not be interpreted so as to be, “[G]iven their most damaging meaning.”
State v. Hill, 75 Ohio St.3d 195, 661 N.E.2d 1068 (1996).
{¶ 17} In support of the first assignment, appellant asserts that it was somehow
fatally prejudicial for the prosecutor to state during opening arguments, “[H]e’s a young,
good-looking man who was popular in high school, a sports star * * * He was used to
5. getting all the girls he wanted.” Appellant goes on to argue that, “The state painted a
picture in opening statement of a football star swimming in women.”
{¶ 18} Notably, appellant himself emphasized his prowess and status as a college
football player in falsely suggesting during the investigation that it was nonsensical for
the investigating officers to believe that he had engaged in sexual activity with the victim.
{¶ 19} We have thoroughly reviewed and considered the record of evidence. We
find appellant’s characterization of the prosecution of this case strained and
unconvincing. We are not persuaded by appellant’s suggestion that the state somehow
improperly capitalized upon claimed current national outrage against sexual misconduct
by national sports heroes given appellant’s status as a former football player at a local
college.
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[Cite as State v. Schoenlein, 2018-Ohio-1653.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT WOOD COUNTY
State of Ohio Court of Appeals No. WD-17-031
Appellee Trial Court No. 16 CR 167
v.
Thomas Schoenlein DECISION AND JUDGMENT
Appellant Decided: April 27, 2018
*****
Paul A. Dobson, Wood County Prosecuting Attorney, and David T. Harold, Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for appellee.
Joseph C. Patituce, Megan M. Patituce and Catherine R. Meehan, for appellant.
OSOWIK, J.
{¶ 1} This is an appeal from a May 9, 2017 judgment of the Wood County Court
of Common Pleas, in which appellant was found guilty following a jury trial of one count
of rape, in violation of R.C. 2907.02, a felony of the first degree, one count of kidnapping, in violation of R.C. 2905.01, a felony of the first degree accompanied by a
sexual motivation specification, in violation of R.C. 2941.174, and one count of
abduction, in violation of R.C. 2905.02, a felony of the third degree.
{¶ 2} Following these convictions, appellant was sentenced to a four-year term of
incarceration and classified as a Tier III sexual offender. For the reasons set forth below,
this court affirms the judgment of the trial court.
{¶ 3} Appellant, Thomas Schoenlein, sets forth the following six assignments of
error:
1: THE STATE ENGAGED IN MULTIPLE INSTANCES OF
PROSECUTORIAL MISCONDUCT WHICH INFRINGED UPON
DEFENDANT’S CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS AND COMPROMISED
THE INTEGRITY OF THE VERDICT.
2: THE STATE OF ELICITED IMPROPER BOLSTERING
EXPERT TESTIMONY FROM DETECTIVE HARTMAN WITHOUT
LAYING A PROPER FOUNDATION.
3: THE STATE PRESENTED INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE TO
SUSTAIN A CONVICTION AS TO THE SEXUAL MOTIV [I] ATION
SPECIFICATION.
4: DEFENDANT’S CONVICTION[S] W[ERE] AGAINST THE
MANIFEST WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE.
2. 5: TRIAL COUNSEL’S PERFORMANCE WAS SO
INEFFECTIVE THAT IT AFFECTED THE OUTCOME OF THE TRIAL
AND VIOLATED DEFENDANT’S SIXTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS.
6: THE CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF THE ERRORS IN THIS
CASE SUBSTANTIALLY AFFECTED THE OUTCOME AND
VIOLATED DEFENDANT’S CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS BY
DENYING HIM A FAIR TRIAL.
{¶ 4} The following undisputed facts are relevant to this appeal. On January 17,
2016, late at night shortly after local bars had closed, a minor female residing with her
family in Bowling Green took the family dog outside as the dog needed to go to the
bathroom.
{¶ 5} While the girl was outside with the family dog, she was approached by
appellant. Appellant had spent the night consuming alcohol at various local bars and was
walking past the victim’s home when he observed her outside. Although appellant
initially suggested that the victim approached him to make sure he knew where he was
going, he later conceded that he actually approached the victim ostensibly seeking
directions.
{¶ 6} Appellant began flirting with the victim and engaging in sexually suggestive
conversation. Appellant conveyed to the victim that he wanted to kiss her. She declined.
Appellant nevertheless persisted in pursuing the victim sexually, told her that no one
would find out, and forcibly kissed the victim.
3. {¶ 7} Appellant’s unlawful sexual conduct quickly escalated. Appellant, a strong
college football player, easily overpowered the victim. Appellant pushed the victim
against cars parked in the driveway, hustled the victim to the rear of the home, placed her
upon a small table, ripped the victim’s shirt off, pulled her skirt down, and raped her.
{¶ 8} The victim repeatedly told appellant to stop. The rape was interrupted
shortly thereafter by the victim’s father who had come outside searching for his daughter.
{¶ 9} The victim’s father chased appellant on foot. Appellant’s pants were
unbuckled, and down around his legs as he attempted to flee the scene. The distraught
victim retreated into her home where she told her sister what had occurred.
{¶ 10} The victim was later transported to Wood County Hospital where she was
examined by a sexual assault nurse examiner (“SANE”) and DNA samples were
recovered and prepared for evidentiary testing.
{¶ 11} The Bowling Green Police Department was contacted, appellant was
caught in the vicinity, and taken into custody. Appellant initially denied that any sexual
conduct occurred between himself and the victim. Appellant made multiple factual
misrepresentations of the events to the investigating officers.
{¶ 12} Following subsequent DNA testing positively identifying appellant’s DNA
having been recovered from the victim’s vaginal fluid, underwear, and skin samples,
appellant conceded to sexual intercourse with the victim. Appellant now unpersuasively
claimed that the late night intercourse with the random girl he happened upon outside
4. while walking past her home as she took the family dog out to relieve itself was
consensual.
{¶ 13} On April 7, 2016, appellant was indicted on one count of rape, in violation
of R.C. 2907.02, a felony of the first degree, one count of kidnapping, in violation of R.C.
2905.01, a felony of the first degree accompanied with a sexual motivation specification,
and one count of abduction, in violation of R.C. 2905.02, a felony of the third degree.
{¶ 14} On March 15, 2017, the matter proceeded to jury trial. On March 16, 2017,
the jury found appellant guilty on all counts. A presentence investigation was ordered.
On May 8, 2017, appellant was sentenced to a four-year term of incarceration and was
classified as a Tier III sexual offender. This appeal ensued.
{¶ 15} In the first assignment of error, appellant sets forth an array of alleged
instances of prosecutorial misconduct and asserts that the alleged misconduct fatally
compromised the verdict. We do not concur.
{¶ 16} It is well-established that, “[P]rosecutors are entitled to considerable
latitude.” State v. Holbrook, 6th Dist. Huron No. H-14-003, 2015-Ohio-4780, ¶ 40. In
conjunction with this, the Ohio Supreme Court has consistently held that statements by
prosecutors may not be interpreted so as to be, “[G]iven their most damaging meaning.”
State v. Hill, 75 Ohio St.3d 195, 661 N.E.2d 1068 (1996).
{¶ 17} In support of the first assignment, appellant asserts that it was somehow
fatally prejudicial for the prosecutor to state during opening arguments, “[H]e’s a young,
good-looking man who was popular in high school, a sports star * * * He was used to
5. getting all the girls he wanted.” Appellant goes on to argue that, “The state painted a
picture in opening statement of a football star swimming in women.”
{¶ 18} Notably, appellant himself emphasized his prowess and status as a college
football player in falsely suggesting during the investigation that it was nonsensical for
the investigating officers to believe that he had engaged in sexual activity with the victim.
{¶ 19} We have thoroughly reviewed and considered the record of evidence. We
find appellant’s characterization of the prosecution of this case strained and
unconvincing. We are not persuaded by appellant’s suggestion that the state somehow
improperly capitalized upon claimed current national outrage against sexual misconduct
by national sports heroes given appellant’s status as a former football player at a local
college.
{¶ 20} Among the numerous additional instances of alleged prosecutorial
misconduct, appellant asserts that it was improper of the prosecution to elicit testimony
from the treating SANE nurse regarding her opinion of the level of physical intrusiveness
of a SANE examination as somehow illicitly designed to, “[E]nflame the jury.”
{¶ 21} Appellant maintains that the proceedings were somehow fatally
compromised based upon the prosecutor noting in closing arguments that the timing of
appellant’s reversal in position from initially stating that no sexual conduct occurred to
subsequently conceding to vaginal intercourse coincided with a positive DNA match.
6. {¶ 22} Appellant unconvincingly portrays these statements in closing arguments
as somehow unlawfully attacking appellant’s constitutional right to remain silent despite
appellant’s voluminous, voluntary testimony on his own behalf.
{¶ 23} Appellant ultimately concludes by generically maintaining that the, “State
took every opportunity to attack defendant.” Appellant concludes that the numerous
claimed acts of prosecutorial misconduct created cumulative and fatal prejudice in the
proceedings. Our review of the record does not bear out appellant’s position. The record
reflects no improper prosecutorial conduct, either separately or cumulatively. Wherefore,
we find appellant’s first assignment of error not well-taken.
{¶ 24} In appellant’s second assignment of error, appellant contends that the
prosecution improperly bolstered expert testimony via portions of the testimony of the
police detective assigned to this case. We do not concur.
{¶ 25} Evid.R. 702(A) establishes that expert testimony is mandated when the
subject matter is, “[B]eyond the knowledge or experience possessed by lay persons.”
{¶ 26} In support of the second assignment, appellant relies on the contention that
the detective did not specifically testify as to possessing specialized training specific to
sexual assault investigations and sexual assault victim interviews.
{¶ 27} The record reflects testimony showing that during the detective’s quarter of
a century of experience with the Bowling Green Police Department, the detective had
engaged in thousands of hours of training on a multitude of subjects, had been involved
in excess of 100 sexual assault cases, and had a wealth of experience interacting with
7. literally thousands of individuals in varying capacities in his police investigatory
capacity.
{¶ 28} Furthermore, it is well-established the police officers do not need to be
specifically qualified as expert witnesses as a precondition to testifying regarding the
conduct of rape victims. State v. Leigh, 6th Dist. Ottawa No. OT-16-028, 2017-Ohio-
7105, ¶ 24. We find appellant’s second assignment of error not well-taken.
{¶ 29} In appellant’s third assignment of error, appellant contends that there was
insufficient evidence to support the sexual motivation specification component of
appellant’s kidnapping conviction. We do not concur.
{¶ 30} Appellant’s third assignment of error is fundamentally premised upon a
clerical error in the jury verdict form which inaccurately reflected the incident date to be
June 17, 2016, rather than the actual date of January 17, 2016.
{¶ 31} It is well-established that in cases where the sufficiency of the evidence is
being challenged, the relevant inquiry is whether, after viewing the evidence in the light
most favorable to the prosecution, any reasonable trier of fact could have found the
elements of the crime proven beyond a reasonable doubt. State v. Jenks, 61 Ohio St.3d
259, 374 N.E.2d 492 (1991).
{¶ 32} This court has consistently concluded that an error which is strictly clerical
does not constitute grounds for reversal. State v. Miller, 6th Dist. Lucas No. L-00-1018,
2000 Ohio App. LEXIS 6068 (Dec. 22, 2000). We find appellant’s third assignment of
error not well-taken.
8. {¶ 33} In appellant’s fourth assignment of error, appellant contends that his
convictions were against the manifest weight of the evidence. We do not concur.
{¶ 34} When determining whether a conviction is against the manifest weight, the
appellate court must review the record, weigh the evidence and all reasonable inferences,
consider witness credibility and determine, in resolving evidentiary conflicts, whether the
trier of fact clearly lost its way such that a manifest miscarriage of justice resulted. State
v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 678 N.E.2d 541 (1997).
{¶ 35} In support of the fourth assignment of error, appellant summarily maintains
that the alleged improper conduct via improper testimony, as well as appellant’s
assertions in support of the earlier assignments of error, establish that the jury lost its way
and that a manifest miscarriage of justice occurred. We do not concur.
{¶ 36} Given our adverse determinations in response to appellant’s prior assertions
of prejudicial prosecutorial misconduct, prejudicial and fatal error via disputed witness
testimony, and prejudicial evidentiary determinations, we likewise conclude that the
record is devoid of evidence demonstrating that a manifest miscarriage of justice
occurred in this case. We find appellant’s fourth assignment of error not well-taken.
{¶ 37} In appellant’s fifth assignment of error, appellant maintains that trial
counsel was fatally ineffective. We do not concur.
{¶ 38} It is well-established that in order to prevail on a claim of ineffective
assistance of counsel, it must be demonstrated both that trial counsel’s conduct was
deficient in certain regards, and that but for those demonstrated deficiencies, the outcome
9. of the matter would have been different. Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 104
S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984).
{¶ 39} In support of the fifth assignment of error, appellant predominantly relies
upon the propriety of the claimed instances of prosecutorial misconduct set forth in the
first assignment of error, as well as the alleged error of trial counsel not objecting to
polygraph references.
{¶ 40} Based upon our adverse determination in response to appellant’s first
assignment of error, the curative limiting instruction given in regards to the polygraph,
and our review of this entire matter, we find that appellant has failed to establish that, but
for claimed errors of trial counsel, the outcome of this case would have been different.
We find appellant’s fifth assignment of error not well-taken.
{¶ 41} In appellant’s sixth assignment of error, appellant contends that cumulative
prejudicial error has been demonstrated to have denied appellant a fair trial in this case.
We do not concur.
{¶ 42} The merit of appellant’s sixth assignment of error is contingent upon the
legitimacy of appellant’s prior claims of errors throughout this case. Given our adverse
findings in response to appellant’s earlier claims, we find appellant’s sixth assignment of
10. {¶ 43} Wherefore, based upon the foregoing, we find that substantial justice has
been done in this case. The judgment of the Wood County Court of Common Pleas is
hereby affirmed. Appellant is ordered to pay the costs of this appeal pursuant to App.R.
24.
Judgment affirmed.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to App.R. 27. See also 6th Dist.Loc.App.R. 4.
Mark L. Pietrykowski, J. _______________________________ JUDGE Thomas J. Osowik, J. _______________________________ James D. Jensen, J. JUDGE CONCUR. _______________________________ JUDGE
This decision is subject to further editing by the Supreme Court of Ohio’s Reporter of Decisions. Parties interested in viewing the final reported version are advised to visit the Ohio Supreme Court’s web site at: http://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/ROD/docs/.
11.