[Cite as State v. Rollins, 2016-Ohio-141.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT CHAMPAIGN COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO : : Plaintiff-Appellee : Appellate Case No. 2015-CA-7 : v. : Trial Court Case No. 07-CR-178 : JOSEPH W. ROLLINS : (Criminal Appeal from : Common Pleas Court) Defendant-Appellant : :
...........
OPINION
Rendered on the 15th day of January, 2016.
KEVIN TALEBI, Atty. Reg. No. 0069198, Champaign County Prosecutor’s Office, 200 North Main Street, Urbana, Ohio 43078 Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellee
JOHN A. FISCHER, Atty. Reg. No. 0068346, Dearie, Fischer & Dame LLC, Greene Town Center, 70 Birch Alley, Suite 240, Beavercreek, Ohio 45440 Attorney for Defendant-Appellant
.............
HALL, J.
{¶ 1} Joseph W. Rollins appeals from the trial court’s denial of his post-conviction -2-
motion to withdraw his guilty plea.
{¶ 2} Rollins’ appointed appellate counsel has filed a brief pursuant to Anders v.
California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d 493 (1967), asserting the absence of
any non-frivolous issues for review. We notified Rollins of the Anders brief and invited him
to submit a pro se brief. His time for doing so has expired, and the matter is before us for
resolution.
{¶ 3} Pursuant to a negotiated agreement, Rollins pled guilty in December 2007 to
one count of aggravated burglary, two counts of rape (each with a sexually-violent-
predator specification and a prior violent-sex-offense specification), one count of
kidnapping (with a sexual-motivation specification, a sexually-violent-predator
specification, and a prior violent-sex-offense specification), and one count of failure to
comply with an order or signal of a police officer. In return, the State dismissed other
pending charges, including aggravated menacing, aggravated burglary, rape, possession
of criminal tools, carrying concealed weapons, and assault. In February 2008, the trial
court filed a judgment entry sentencing Rollins to consecutive prison terms of five years
on the aggravated burglary, 10 years to life on each of the rape counts and on the
kidnapping count, and three years on the failure-to-comply count, for an aggregate
sentence of 38 years to life. The trial court also classified him as a Tier III sex offender.
{¶ 4} Rollins filed a direct appeal, raising one assignment of error challenging his
consecutive sentences. This court overruled the assignment of error and affirmed in
February 2009. See State v. Rollins, 2d Dist. Champaign No. 08CA003, 2009-Ohio-899.
In December 2014, Rollins filed a pro se Crim.R. 32.1 motion to withdraw his guilty plea.
(Doc. #110). Therein, he argued that he suffers from mental-health issues, including -3-
depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, major-depressive disorder, and intermittent-
explosive disorder. He asserted the trial court should have taken those issues into
consideration at sentencing. (Id. at 1-3). Near the end of his motion, he also suggested
that the trial court should not have accepted his guilty plea because he was “not in the
right state of mind before, during, and after the crime.” (Id. at 3). Therefore, he sought to
withdraw the plea. (Id.).
{¶ 5} The trial court denied Rollins’ motion in a five-page ruling filed on December
16, 2014. (Doc. #111). Applying the applicable manifest-injustice standard of Crim.R.
32.1, the trial court found that Rollins’ complaints about his sentence provided no grounds
for withdrawing his plea. The trial court then reasoned:
In the next to last sentence of his motion, Defendant states that “the
court offered a plea knowing that the defendant is not in the right state of
mind before, during, and after the crime.” To the extent that this allegation
concerns matters occurring at the change of plea hearing, the doctrine of
res judicata precludes consideration. Ohio courts have applied this doctrine
to bar the assertion of claims in a motion to withdraw a guilty plea that were
or could have been raised at trial or on appeal. State v. Ketterer, 126 Ohio
St.3d 448, 2010-Ohio-3831, 935 N.E.2d 9, ¶ 59; State v. Wilson, 2d Dist.
Montgomery No. 25482, 2014-Ohio-1764, ¶ 28. In this case, Defendant
could have raised any non-compliance with Crim.R. 11(C)(2) during the plea
colloquy on direct appeal.
Defendant’s statement about not being in “the right state of mind
before, during, and after the crime” can also be construed as alleging that -4-
defense counsel should have raised Defendant’s competency, instead of
allowing him to plead guilty. Ineffective assistance of counsel can constitute
the manifest injustice needed to withdraw a guilty plea following sentencing.
State v. Banks, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 25188, 201[3]-Ohio-2116, ¶ 9.
Ordinarily, ineffective assistance claims rely on evidence dehors the
record. Matters outside the record can only be addressed in a petition for
post-conviction relief. [Footnote omitted]. The existence of this remedy
removes claims based on matters outside the record from the form of
extraordinary circumstances needed to show manifest injustice. State v.
Banks, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 25188, 2013-Ohio-2116, ¶ 11, 12. For this
reason, review of Defendant’s mental state cannot include matters beyond
the record.
Whether Defendant was in “the right state of mind before, during, and
after the crime” necessarily requires evidence dehors the record. Moreover,
the transcript from the change of plea hearing gives no reasons to question
Defendant’s competency when he entered his guilty pleas. Defendant
indicated at the hearing that he had confidence in his attorney, that he had
received adequate information to make informed decisions, that he
understood what he was doing, that he was acting of his own free will, that
no one had threatened him to plead guilty, and that no promises had been
made to him, other than the terms of the plea agreement. See Plea Trans.
at pp. 11-12, 18-19, 21, 27.
“Solemn declarations in open court carry a strong presumption of -5-
verity. The subsequent presentation of conclusory allegations unsupported
by specifics is subject to summary dismissal, as are contentions that in the
face of the record are wholly incredible.” Machibroda v. United States, 368
U.S. 487, 497, 82 S.Ct. 510, 515, 7 L.Ed.2d 473 (1962).
Where nothing in the record supports a defendant’s ineffective
assistance of counsel claim, other than his own self-serving statements, a
trial court does not err when it overrules a motion to withdraw plea. State v.
Laster, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 19387, 2003-Ohio-1564, ¶ 8. In this case,
Defendant’s motion relies on self-serving statements that are not supported
by the record. Wherefore, the Court DENIES Defendant’s Post-Sentence
Motion to Withdraw Plea.
(Id. at 3-5).
{¶ 6} In his Anders filing, counsel raises two potential assignments of error but
ultimately finds them frivolous. The first addresses whether the trial court erred in
overruling the plea-withdrawal motion. The second concerns whether Rollins received
ineffective assistance of counsel at the plea hearing that would justify withdrawal of the
plea.
{¶ 7} Upon review, we agree with appointed appellate counsel that the two
proposed assignments of error are frivolous.
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[Cite as State v. Rollins, 2016-Ohio-141.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT CHAMPAIGN COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO : : Plaintiff-Appellee : Appellate Case No. 2015-CA-7 : v. : Trial Court Case No. 07-CR-178 : JOSEPH W. ROLLINS : (Criminal Appeal from : Common Pleas Court) Defendant-Appellant : :
...........
OPINION
Rendered on the 15th day of January, 2016.
KEVIN TALEBI, Atty. Reg. No. 0069198, Champaign County Prosecutor’s Office, 200 North Main Street, Urbana, Ohio 43078 Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellee
JOHN A. FISCHER, Atty. Reg. No. 0068346, Dearie, Fischer & Dame LLC, Greene Town Center, 70 Birch Alley, Suite 240, Beavercreek, Ohio 45440 Attorney for Defendant-Appellant
.............
HALL, J.
{¶ 1} Joseph W. Rollins appeals from the trial court’s denial of his post-conviction -2-
motion to withdraw his guilty plea.
{¶ 2} Rollins’ appointed appellate counsel has filed a brief pursuant to Anders v.
California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d 493 (1967), asserting the absence of
any non-frivolous issues for review. We notified Rollins of the Anders brief and invited him
to submit a pro se brief. His time for doing so has expired, and the matter is before us for
resolution.
{¶ 3} Pursuant to a negotiated agreement, Rollins pled guilty in December 2007 to
one count of aggravated burglary, two counts of rape (each with a sexually-violent-
predator specification and a prior violent-sex-offense specification), one count of
kidnapping (with a sexual-motivation specification, a sexually-violent-predator
specification, and a prior violent-sex-offense specification), and one count of failure to
comply with an order or signal of a police officer. In return, the State dismissed other
pending charges, including aggravated menacing, aggravated burglary, rape, possession
of criminal tools, carrying concealed weapons, and assault. In February 2008, the trial
court filed a judgment entry sentencing Rollins to consecutive prison terms of five years
on the aggravated burglary, 10 years to life on each of the rape counts and on the
kidnapping count, and three years on the failure-to-comply count, for an aggregate
sentence of 38 years to life. The trial court also classified him as a Tier III sex offender.
{¶ 4} Rollins filed a direct appeal, raising one assignment of error challenging his
consecutive sentences. This court overruled the assignment of error and affirmed in
February 2009. See State v. Rollins, 2d Dist. Champaign No. 08CA003, 2009-Ohio-899.
In December 2014, Rollins filed a pro se Crim.R. 32.1 motion to withdraw his guilty plea.
(Doc. #110). Therein, he argued that he suffers from mental-health issues, including -3-
depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, major-depressive disorder, and intermittent-
explosive disorder. He asserted the trial court should have taken those issues into
consideration at sentencing. (Id. at 1-3). Near the end of his motion, he also suggested
that the trial court should not have accepted his guilty plea because he was “not in the
right state of mind before, during, and after the crime.” (Id. at 3). Therefore, he sought to
withdraw the plea. (Id.).
{¶ 5} The trial court denied Rollins’ motion in a five-page ruling filed on December
16, 2014. (Doc. #111). Applying the applicable manifest-injustice standard of Crim.R.
32.1, the trial court found that Rollins’ complaints about his sentence provided no grounds
for withdrawing his plea. The trial court then reasoned:
In the next to last sentence of his motion, Defendant states that “the
court offered a plea knowing that the defendant is not in the right state of
mind before, during, and after the crime.” To the extent that this allegation
concerns matters occurring at the change of plea hearing, the doctrine of
res judicata precludes consideration. Ohio courts have applied this doctrine
to bar the assertion of claims in a motion to withdraw a guilty plea that were
or could have been raised at trial or on appeal. State v. Ketterer, 126 Ohio
St.3d 448, 2010-Ohio-3831, 935 N.E.2d 9, ¶ 59; State v. Wilson, 2d Dist.
Montgomery No. 25482, 2014-Ohio-1764, ¶ 28. In this case, Defendant
could have raised any non-compliance with Crim.R. 11(C)(2) during the plea
colloquy on direct appeal.
Defendant’s statement about not being in “the right state of mind
before, during, and after the crime” can also be construed as alleging that -4-
defense counsel should have raised Defendant’s competency, instead of
allowing him to plead guilty. Ineffective assistance of counsel can constitute
the manifest injustice needed to withdraw a guilty plea following sentencing.
State v. Banks, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 25188, 201[3]-Ohio-2116, ¶ 9.
Ordinarily, ineffective assistance claims rely on evidence dehors the
record. Matters outside the record can only be addressed in a petition for
post-conviction relief. [Footnote omitted]. The existence of this remedy
removes claims based on matters outside the record from the form of
extraordinary circumstances needed to show manifest injustice. State v.
Banks, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 25188, 2013-Ohio-2116, ¶ 11, 12. For this
reason, review of Defendant’s mental state cannot include matters beyond
the record.
Whether Defendant was in “the right state of mind before, during, and
after the crime” necessarily requires evidence dehors the record. Moreover,
the transcript from the change of plea hearing gives no reasons to question
Defendant’s competency when he entered his guilty pleas. Defendant
indicated at the hearing that he had confidence in his attorney, that he had
received adequate information to make informed decisions, that he
understood what he was doing, that he was acting of his own free will, that
no one had threatened him to plead guilty, and that no promises had been
made to him, other than the terms of the plea agreement. See Plea Trans.
at pp. 11-12, 18-19, 21, 27.
“Solemn declarations in open court carry a strong presumption of -5-
verity. The subsequent presentation of conclusory allegations unsupported
by specifics is subject to summary dismissal, as are contentions that in the
face of the record are wholly incredible.” Machibroda v. United States, 368
U.S. 487, 497, 82 S.Ct. 510, 515, 7 L.Ed.2d 473 (1962).
Where nothing in the record supports a defendant’s ineffective
assistance of counsel claim, other than his own self-serving statements, a
trial court does not err when it overrules a motion to withdraw plea. State v.
Laster, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 19387, 2003-Ohio-1564, ¶ 8. In this case,
Defendant’s motion relies on self-serving statements that are not supported
by the record. Wherefore, the Court DENIES Defendant’s Post-Sentence
Motion to Withdraw Plea.
(Id. at 3-5).
{¶ 6} In his Anders filing, counsel raises two potential assignments of error but
ultimately finds them frivolous. The first addresses whether the trial court erred in
overruling the plea-withdrawal motion. The second concerns whether Rollins received
ineffective assistance of counsel at the plea hearing that would justify withdrawal of the
plea.
{¶ 7} Upon review, we agree with appointed appellate counsel that the two
proposed assignments of error are frivolous. The trial court thoroughly analyzed Rollins’
motion, which primarily challenged its decision to impose lengthy, consecutive prison
sentences. The harsh nature of the aggregate sentence he received, however, does not
constitute grounds for withdrawing the plea that preceded it. In addition, Rollins’ direct
appeal in this case already challenged the trial court’s sentencing decision and raised his -6-
mental health as a factor that should have mitigated the sentence imposed.
{¶ 8} The only other issue touched upon in Rollins’ motion concerned whether
mental-health issues justified withdrawing his plea. As the trial court recognized, however,
nothing in the record below suggests that Rollins’ mental condition impacted his plea or
that defense counsel provided constitutionally ineffective assistance in allowing him to
enter it. Moreover, even if the record below did support such an argument, Rollins would
have been required to raise it on direct appeal. See, e.g., State v. McCommons, 2d Dist.
Montgomery No. 26372, 2015-Ohio-1583, ¶ 9-10.
{¶ 9} We note too that Rollins did not support his plea-withdrawal motion, filed
seven years after the plea, with an affidavit or any evidence outside the record. We are
left, then, with a record that reflects a knowing, intelligent, and voluntary plea and a stale
assertion by Rollins that his plea should be withdrawn because he was “not in the right
state of mind before, during, and after the crime.” Under these circumstances, we see no
non-frivolous argument that a manifest injustice exists that needs to be remedied by
allowing withdrawal of the plea. In fact, Rollins’ motion was so facially deficient that a
hearing was not necessary. See McCommons at ¶ 10 (recognizing that a hearing on a
post-sentence motion to withdraw a guilty plea is not required, even if a defendant does
file a self-serving affidavit, if the claim is unsupported by the record).
{¶ 10} Finally, in compliance with our responsibility under Anders, we have
conducted an independent review of the record, including a transcript of Rollins’ plea
hearing, and have found no non-frivolous issues for appellate review.
{¶ 11} The judgment of the Champaign County Common Pleas Court is affirmed.
............. -7-
DONOVAN, P.J., and FROELICH, J., concur.
Copies mailed to:
Kevin Talebi John A. Fischer Joseph Rollins Hon. J. Timothy Campbell (sitting by assignment)