State v. Rogers

757 So. 2d 655, 1999 WL 743983
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedSeptember 24, 1999
Docket98 KA 2501
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 757 So. 2d 655 (State v. Rogers) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Rogers, 757 So. 2d 655, 1999 WL 743983 (La. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

757 So.2d 655 (1999)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Johnell ROGERS.

No. 98 KA 2501.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, First Circuit.

September 24, 1999.
Writ Denied June 16, 2000.

*657 Doug Moreau, District Attorney, Prem Burns, Asst. District Attorney, Baton Rouge, Counsel for Plaintiff/Appellee, State of Louisiana.

Laurie White, New Orleans, Counsel for Defendant/Appellant Johnell Rogers.

Before: CARTER, C.J., LeBLANC and PETTIGREW, JJ.

LeBLANC, J.

The defendant, Johnell Rogers, was charged by grand jury indictment with one count of second degree murder, a violation of La. R.S. 14:30.1. The defendant pled not guilty and, after trial by jury, was found guilty as charged. He was sentenced to life imprisonment at hard labor without benefit of parole, probation, or suspension of sentence. The defendant has appealed, urging four assignments of error.

FACTS:

On July 9, 1996, the defendant, the victim, and other inmates were housed at the East Baton Rouge Parish Prison. The victim discovered some of his personal belongings were missing, and he was told the items had been taken by the defendant. The victim confronted the defendant, and a fight ensued between the two men. Subsequently, the defendant left the area where the men had been fighting and retrieved a piece of glass. The defendant then returned to the area where the victim was and subsequently stabbed the victim in the throat with the glass. Shortly thereafter, the victim died from his wounds.

*658 ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NUMBER ONE:

In his first assignment of error, the defendant contends that he was denied his right to a fair trial as he was tried in prison clothing. He further contends that the trial court failed to provide a jury instruction regarding his wearing of prison attire, and defense counsel failed to request such an instruction or object to its omission. Finally, he sets forth that he was denied effective assistance of counsel as his trial counsel failed to confer with him regarding the wearing of prison attire and he failed to object to the trial court's determination that his wearing of prison clothing would not affect his presumption of innocence.

In his brief to this court, the defendant argues that he was compelled to wear his prison clothing at trial as his trial counsel and the trial court had decided what was in his best interest prior to the start of his trial. He claims he consented to wearing the clothing out of his own ignorance because he was informed by the court that the wearing of the clothing would not prejudice him. He asserts he was not afforded an opportunity to confer with counsel regarding his wearing of the garments and that the trial court improperly informed him that it would not matter if he was wearing his prison clothing because the jury would know that he was in prison. The defendant, however, claims his wearing of the prison clothing called more attention to the fact that he was an inmate, that trial counsel failed to act in the defendant's best interest by failing to object, and that he was so prejudiced by his wearing of prison garb that he was denied a fair trial.

Prior to the beginning of the defendant's trial, the following colloquy took place:

The Court: Mr. Rogers, let me talk to you just a minute. Stand up right there if you would, sir. You have a right, I presume—well, I don't know if you have a right, but generally, defendants who are in jail, we try to keep that from the jury and dress them in jail clothes so as not to influence them or, or prejudice the defendant in any way. In this case, your lawyer and I have discussed it and don't really feel that that's necessary because of the fact that they're going to know you're in jail anyway. Do you understand what I am saying?
Mr. Rogers [the defendant]: Yeah.
The Court: He has said that it is okay and I'm going to ask you if it's okay with you. You'll just continue to wear the same type of clothing that you wear everyday while you're in jail?
Mr. Rogers: Ummm—
The Court: It's not like they're not going to know. The reason we usually do it is so—uh—the jury can't be influenced about, oh, this guy is in jail, so he must be a bad person. They're already going to know that about you.
Mr. Rogers:—right.
The Court: Do you understand?
Mr. Rogers: Yeah, I understand that part there.
The Court: All right.
Mr. Rogers: It really don't [sic] matter, you know.
The Court: All right, well then you can—we'll, we'll do it this way.
* * * * * *
The Court: All right, my ever observant court reporter has said that I said that you would normally wear jail clothes. Normally, you wouldn't wear jail clothes, but in this case, your lawyer has agreed that—uh—or has accepted it and now I suppose you have, that you will wear jail clothes in this case. Is that okay? Is that your understanding?
Mr. Rogers: Yeah.

Compelling a criminal defendant to stand trial in readily identifiable prison attire over his express objection infringes upon his presumption of innocence and denies the defendant due process of law. La. Const.1974, Art. I, § 16; Estelle v. *659 Williams, 425 U.S. 501, 504-06, 96 S.Ct. 1691, 1693-94, 48 L.Ed.2d 126 (1976); State v. Anderson, 603 So.2d 776, 778 (La. App. 1 Cir.1992). According to Estelle, in situations where an accused is being tried for an offense committed in confinement, or in an attempted escape, courts have refused to find error in trying the defendant in his prison garb as "[n]o prejudice can result from seeing that which is already known." Estelle v. Williams, 425 U.S. at 507, 96 S.Ct. at 1694. Estelle further noted that courts have refused to embrace a mechanical rule vitiating any conviction, regardless of the circumstances, where the accused appeared before a jury in prison garb. Instead, they have recognized that the particular evil proscribed is compelling a defendant against his will to be tried in jail attire as instances arise where a defendant prefers to stand trial in his prison garments as a defense tactic in the hope of eliciting sympathy from the jury. Estelle v. Williams, 425 U.S. at 507-08, 96 S.Ct. at 1694-95. Nonetheless, the failure of a defendant to make a timely objection is sufficient to negate the presence of compulsion necessary to establish a constitutional violation. State v. Anderson, 603 So.2d at 779.

Because the defendant failed to make any type of contemporaneous objection to his wearing of prison clothing at his trial, he is precluded from raising this argument on appeal. See La.C.Cr.P. art. 841. Moreover, after reviewing the defendant's situation, we find that the defendant's assignment of error lacks merit.

In the instant case, the court discussed with the defendant and his counsel the issue of his wearing prison garb during his trial. It appears from the record that defense counsel previously approved of the defendant's wearing prison clothing, and the defendant did not object to the procedure. There is no indication that the defendant was compelled or coerced into wearing his prison garb during the trial.

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Related

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256 So. 3d 431 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2018)
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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
757 So. 2d 655, 1999 WL 743983, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-rogers-lactapp-1999.