State v. Rochon

393 So. 2d 1224
CourtSupreme Court of Louisiana
DecidedJanuary 26, 1981
Docket80-KA-1723
StatusPublished
Cited by20 cases

This text of 393 So. 2d 1224 (State v. Rochon) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Louisiana primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Rochon, 393 So. 2d 1224 (La. 1981).

Opinion

393 So.2d 1224 (1981)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Raymond ROCHON.

No. 80-KA-1723.

Supreme Court of Louisiana.

January 26, 1981.
Rehearing Denied March 2, 1981.[*]

*1225 William J. Guste, Jr., Atty. Gen., Barbara Rutledge, Asst. Atty. Gen., J. Nathan Stansbury, Dist. Atty., L. Paul Gianfala, Asst. Dist. Atty., for plaintiff-appellee.

Bertrand DeBlanc, Lafayette, for defendant-appellant.

LABORDE, Justice Ad Hoc.[**]

Defendant Raymond Rochon was indicted by an Acadia Parish Grand Jury in connection with the April 30, 1978 aggravated rape of one Gloria Ann Francis, a violation of La.R.S. 14:42. Following trial before a twelve member jury, defendant was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment at hard labor. The present appeal urges five arguments as grounds for reversal of the accused's conviction and sentence.

STATEMENT OF FACTS

During the late evening of April 29th, 1978, defendant picked up Carol Washington and Gloria Ann Francis under the pretext of giving them a ride to a nearby sandwich shop in Rayne, Louisiana. Instead, defendant drove to a dark gravel road outside of Rayne, stopped the car, produced a rifle and, after firing several shots near the victims, forced each of them to have sexual intercourse with him. After this incident, defendant then drove the pair back to Rayne, where they exited the vehicle and ran to a nearby house.

Defendant was apprehended shortly thereafter and pleaded not guilty to charges of aggravated rape at his arraignment on May 11, 1978. However, subsequent prosecution of the accused was delayed when a court-appointed sanity commission twice concluded that defendant was incapable of understanding the nature of the proceedings against him and that he was unable to assist in the preparation of his defense. Following lengthy treatment in the Forensic Division of the East Louisiana State Hospital, the accused's psychotic illness was brought under control through use of medication and he was adjudged competent to stand trial. At the conclusion of this latest competency hearing on March 27, 1979, defendant withdrew his previous plea of not guilty and tendered to the court a plea of not guilty and not guilty by reason of insanity.

*1226 As the accused's trial began on December 6, 1979, the selection of prospective jurors was repeatedly interrupted by the defendant's disruptive behavior. Immediately prior to the start of voir dire examination, the courtroom was cleared and the trial court cautioned defendant to remain quietly seated during the course of trial. Defendant ignored the court's warning, interrupting voir dire examination just moments later with the following protestation:

MR. ROCHON: I don't want this attorney... because they're not going to represent me very well, and I can't be proved innocent on very well. They're not even familiar with my case, and they're not going to represent me, so you do what you want.

For this outburst, defendant was held in contempt, and, outside of the jury's presence, again instructed to behave. However, defendant responded only by raising his shirt and scratching his navel.

The state and the defense then completed voir dire examination of the first group of prospective jurors, ten of whom were selected to serve. No sooner were these jurors sworn than defendant resumed his disruptive antics, this time by removing all of his clothes in open court. Jurors and prospective jurors were quickly hustled out of the courtroom and defendant was again held in contempt. To prevent a repetition of this behavior, the trial court ordered that defendant be placed in an adjacent room where a full mechanical sound system was installed which would enable the defendant to hear all of the proceedings taking place in the courtroom. Accompanied by John Craton, one of his court-appointed attorneys, defendant was then led into the adjacent room, where he was handcuffed and shackled. A deputy sheriff was also on hand to guard the accused.

Before voir dire examination was resumed, Judge Fontenot questioned those jurors who had already been seated as to whether they could set aside defendant's behavior and decide the case solely on the basis of evidence adduced at trial. Each juror responded affirmatively. Jury selection was then completed and court was adjourned for the day.

Court was reconvened on the following day. On the request of counsel for the defendant, the Clerk announced that defendant had been rearraigned following his most recent competency hearing, at which time he had entered a plea of not guilty and not guilty by reason of insanity. Though both counsel for the state and for the defendant claimed surprise at this plea, neither side requested either a mistrial or a recess. The defense did request that voir dire examination be reopened to permit questions as to the jurors' understanding of the defense burden of proof in an insanity case and their ability properly to apply a preponderance of evidence standard in face of an insanity defense.

Following the denial of this motion, defense counsel moved for a mistrial, claiming that the accused was again unable to assist in his defense and that he did not understand the nature of the proceedings against him. In response, the state requested that members of the previously-appointed sanity commission re-examine the defendant and report their findings to the court. When the defense indicated its agreement with this procedure, Dr. Wyatt, a psychiatrist of fifteen years experience, and Dr. Robert McManus, the Acadia Parish Coroner, were summoned to the courthouse.

After completing his examination of defendant, Dr. Wyatt was called to testify in support of defendant's motion for mistrial. Dr. Wyatt stated that he had previously examined the defendant on December 11, 1978 and had found at that time that the defendant was unable to assist in his defense in this case. Subsequently, he reexamined the defendant on March 27, 1979, whereupon Dr. Wyatt concluded:

"Since my last examination, December 1978, the patient had had in-patient treatment at the psychiatric hospital. There is no overt evidence of psychosis at this particular time. He is maintained on chemotherapy, which helps to control the symptoms. He is more organized in his thinking, but still has some limitations in *1227 his ability to recall things during the time when he was more acutely disturbed. However, I feel he is improved enough to assist in his defense."

Dr. Wyatt saw defendant on three or four more occasions between March 27, 1979 and September, 1979. On each occasion, he felt that defendant "had appropriate concern" about his upcoming trial.

In connection with Judge Fontenot's request that he determine the accused's present capacity to proceed with trial, Dr. Wyatt twice examined the defendant—on December 6, 1979, the first day of trial, for about twenty minutes, and again on December 7, 1979 for about forty-five minutes. As regards these examinations, Dr. Wyatt testified as follows:

Q. Would you give us the approximate time and location and circumstances under which you spoke to Mr. Rochon yesterday?
A. I spoke to him at the Judge's request here in the outer Chamber, and as I understood it, the purpose of the request of the Judge was to see if I could calm Mr. Rochon down, and I did go in and tried to engage him in a conversation, and it was obvious that he was quite agitated, extremely distressed, quite angry, rejecting. He would not really look directly at me, nor would he respond verbally to any direct questions.

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Bluebook (online)
393 So. 2d 1224, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-rochon-la-1981.