[Cite as State v. Putman-Albright, 2016-Ohio-319.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT MONTGOMERY COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO : : Plaintiff-Appellee : C.A. CASE NOS. 26679 and 26685 : v. : T.C. NOS. CRB1402809 and : CRB1402810 TINA M. PUTMAN-ALBRIGHT : : (Criminal appeal from Defendant-Appellant : Municipal Court) :
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OPINION
Rendered on the ___29th___ day of ____January____, 2016.
JOE CLOUD, Atty, Reg. No. 0040301, Vandalia Municipal Court Prosecutor’s Office, 3973 Dayton-Xenia Road, Beavercreek, Ohio 45432 Attorney for Plaintiff-Appellee
MITCHELL J. FROST, Atty. Reg. No. 0091185, P. O. Box 504, Xenia, Ohio 45385 Attorney for Defendant-Appellant
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DONOVAN, P.J.
{¶ 1} This matter is before the Court on the Notices of Appeal of Tina M. Putman-
Albright, filed May 4, 2015. Tina appeals from two judgment entries of conviction in
Vandalia Municipal Court, following a bench trial, at the conclusion of which Tina was
found guilty of twice violating a protection order obtained by Donald Albright, Tina’s ex- -2-
husband and the father of her son, in violation of R.C. 2919.27, misdemeanors of the first
degree. Tina was sentenced to one hundred and eighty days in jail on each count with
all but three days suspended, as well as a year of probation, on each charge. She was
further ordered to serve 15 hours of community service on each charge for a total of thirty
hours. We hereby affirm the judgment of the trial court.
{¶ 2} Tina was charged with violating the protection order on October 21, 2014,
as well as on October 29, 2014. The complaint stemming from the October 21, 2014
offense alleges in part that Tina violated the protection order “by driving her vehicle behind
[Donald] following him home.” The second complaint alleges in part that Tina violated
the protection order by “being within 500 feet of Donald Albright and speaking to him other
than parental concerns.” (sic). Both complaints provide that Tina recklessly violated the
terms of a protection order issued, or consent agreement approved pursuant to R.C.
2919.26 or 3113.31, citing “10 DV 602 issued by Domestic Relations Court.” Tina
entered pleas of not guilty on December 5, 2014, and the trial was held on March 23,
2015.
{¶ 3} Donald testified that his and Tina’s seven year old son resides with him, and
that on the morning of October 21, 2014, at around 6:20 in the morning, he walked the
child to the bus stop for school. Donald stated that the bus stop is “one street over from
where we live,” in Harrison Township. Donald stated that he and Tina each have
protection orders against each other, and that his, which he identified, is dated May 27,
2010, and remains in effect for five years. According to Donald, he and Tina are allowed
to communicate regarding their son on a limited basis, but Tina must remain 500 feet
away from him. Donald stated, “I mainly communicate for a matter of record text -3-
messages.”
{¶ 4} Donald stated that he was off work on the morning of October 21, 2014, and
that he carried a flashlight to the bus stop since it was dark out at that time of morning,
and since “we got like raccoons and stuff like that living by us.” Donald stated that he
observed Tina in her car with her lights flashing at the bus stop, and that he let their son
call her “just so she can talk to him while we was on our way down there and also to let
her know that we were on our way down there and for her to leave because of the
restraining order.” According to Donald, Tina is “not supposed to be down there period.
Her visitation is on Wednesday’s (sic) where she is allowed to pick him up from school
and she has an overnight visitation where in our Divorce Decree she must take him back
to school on time on Thursday.”
{¶ 5} Donald testified that the bus pulled away before he and his son reached it,
and that Tina “made a phone call, told us that we had missed the bus and that I had to
take him to school on time, he better make it on time, all this other mess that she was
talking.” Donald testified that “it was absolutely no problem because * * * it was still early
in the morning, he missed his bus, fine, but I have a working vehicle, so, and the school
doesn’t start to (sic) like 8:00 or so.” The following exchange occurred:
Q. Okay, so she calls you, then what do you do, do you turn around
and go home?
A. Well yes, because we just made it to the end of our block, yes, I,
I know. * * * We turned around and we was going back to the end of our,
was walking up our street. Our street is a one way street where you have
to come down one side, come up one side and go down the next side, -4-
because in the middle of the street it’s a (unintelligible), so it’s just one way
up, one way back and no matter how you go you have to go around the
block to pass our house. * * * She came up the wrong side of the street
behind us in her car as we was walking back up towards the street . . .
Q. You and your son?
A. Me and my son, ‘cuz we didn’t drive ‘cuz it’s just so close to our
house, but she came up the wrong side of the street and may be have been
as close from where I’m sitting maybe to that wall with her headlights on,
got out of the car, and mind you, I have neighbors, but the police been over
to my house so many times they just automatically know. The neighbors
automatically know that, and then she got out of her car and just started
yelling about how I missed the bus, how he’s gonna get to school, just
everything that you already knew, you know, was gonna happen. I knew
that I was gonna take him to school. Okay, I missed the bus, it’s no big
deal, people miss the bus, but I had a working car. So what’s the big
hoopla that, absolutely nothing, but still the fact that she came up the wrong
side of the street, followed me in her car. I mean you don’t know what she’s
gonna do. You * * * have no idea what somebody’s gonna do at night or in
the morning, which is like at night, in a car.
Q. Did she eventually get back in the car and leave?
A. She got back in the car because * * * as she was yelling I was
saying I was gonna call the police. It was just the last straw of a lot of things
that was happening. * * * -5-
Q. So then October 29, eight days later, something similar
happens?
A. Did the exact same thing.
Q. So can you describe that again?
A. So this time as, again we was walking down there, we did not
miss the bus this time. So we were walking down there towards the bus
stop and we noticed that Tina’s car was down there again in the same spot
with the lights, with the emergency lights blinking waiting for us to come and
she called, either she called or I called them, can’t remember which, * * * I
think I called her because our son wanted to speak to her. * * * I got on the
phone and I said, okay, we are on our way, you need to leave. I’m not
leaving, send my son down to me. I said, no, I’m not gonna send your son
down to you, A, it wasn’t her day, but I said, nope, I’m not gonna send your,
our son down to you, you need to leave so that we can get to a bus stop on
time before the bus came. * * *
Q. How close were you . . .
A. We were one block away. We were, we were one block away
so I would guess it to be less than five hundred feet, but exactly one block
away, one block away where she could see us coming without getting out
of her car.
{¶ 6} Donald testified that when he refused to send the child to Tina, “* * * she said,
what’s the matter you punk ass, are you afraid of my brother, and then that’s when I said,
no, I’m not afraid of your brother. * * *.” Donald stated that he called the Sheriff’s -6-
Department and that at that point, Tina left. He stated that he advised “dispatch exactly
what type of car she was in” and “where she was heading so that they can truly catch
her.”
{¶ 7} On cross-examination, the following exchange occurred:
Q. Mr. Albright, on, it’s my understanding that, is this correct, that
one of the parents needs to be with the child at the bus stop until the bus
comes?
A. That is not correct.
Q. * * * Has it been your policy though that one of you is with your
son at the bus stop every morning?
A. It hasn’t been our policy. This is the first time this year, that’s
the first time that he has ever taken a bus to school.
Q. Right.
A. So last year he didn’t * * * take the bus to school, but this year,
at [. . . school], is the first time that I actually enrolled him to get on the
school bus.
Q. Right, but isn’t there a policy that one of the parents is supposed
to be with the child at the bus stop?
A. No, it’s not. The policy is for a child that’s in kindergarten, and
I think it’s just kindergarten . . .
Q. Uh hum.
A. You can look that up on the line.
Q. Okay, well, have you and Tina generally made it a practice that -7-
one of you would be with your son at the bus stop?
A. No, because from my testimony earlier I do not talk to Tina that
way. We have a restraining order about that. Even though we can talk
about the child. . .
A. . . . we’ve never discussed that at all, whether I or Tina should
be at that bus stop * * * we’ve never discussed that.
{¶ 8} Donald testified that after the last incident, he asked his son’s after-school
caregiver, who is his neighbor, to take the child to the bus stop in the mornings, and that
she agreed to do so. Donald stated that the only time that Tina could take their son to the
bus stop would be the Thursday morning after her Wednesday night visitation, because
on the other weekday mornings the child is with him. Regarding the morning of the first
incident, Donald testified that he did not observe Tina’s brother in the car, and that Tina
“told me that there was someone in the car but I remember in my report saying it was
dark,” and that “I couldn’t verify whether or not somebody else was sitting in the passenger
seat or not * * *.” Donald stated that on that date, Tina “was right where the bus comes
at which is at the corner of Daleview and Castlewood.” Donald stated in the course of
both incidents, he “was at the corner of Springbrook and Daleview, I would not get any
closer * * * than that because we could see Tina (sic) car right there.” He stated that
“[b]oth days Tina was within five hundred feet of me, so that is undeniable there.”
{¶ 9} On re-direct examination, Donald testified that Tina lives in Trotwood, “so
that’s a distance to come from Trotwood over to my house.” Donald testified that he
wrote in his statement to the police that when Tina got out of her vehicle and yelled at -8-
him, she was thirty feet from him and the child. Donald’s amended restraining order was
admitted into evidence.
{¶ 10} Tina testified that in August, 2014, her son was left alone at the bus stop
when he was seven years old, and that “it was very dangerous outside and very dark.”
According to Tina, “both of our attorneys agreed that one of the parents have to be there
at the bus stop.” Tina testified that on the morning of October 21, 2014, Donald called
her and advised her that “he’s not gonna be at the bus stop and our agreement is that
when he’s not at the bus stop I would be there at the bus stop. This had been going on
every (sic) since the beginning when [the child] was left by himself at the bus stop.” Tina
testified that she has “been at the bus stop August, September and October,” and that
she “was there every day, Monday through Friday.” Tina testified that her brother
accompanied her to the bus stop on October 21, 2014. Tina stated that as she waited
at the bus stop “at Castlewood and Daleview,” she observed Donald and her son “in my
rearview mirror so they were very, very far away.” Tina stated that Donald “was yelling
in the middle of the street” * * * “saying that he doesn’t need me now at the bus stop,” and
that she accordingly drove away.
{¶ 11} On October 29, 2014, Tina testified that “that was a Wednesday, Donald
called me and said once again he was not gonna be at the bus stop, ‘cuz that’s our normal
routine that we would do.” She stated that she went to the bus stop that day with her
brother. According to Tina, after they arrived, her brother got out of the car to smoke a
cigarette while they waited for her son. She stated that she observed Donald and her
son turn onto Daleview from Springbrook, “ ‘cuz like when they turn it’s a long street but
you can see them.” Tina stated that Donald observed her brother and “yelled, who is -9-
that,” and that she “was just like this is my brother.” Tina stated that she “said just have
[the child] come on down,” and that Donald refused to do so. According to Tina, the bus
arrived, “and the bus driver’s like, where’s your son, ‘cuz he know I’m always there with
my son at the bus stop.” When asked if she could still see Donald and her son after
speaking to the bus driver, Tina replied, “[n]o, I don’t know where they went to.” She
stated that she “just drove off.”
{¶ 12} On cross-examination, Tina stated that she was at the bus stop every
school day between October 21 and 29, 2014. Tina denied being within five hundred
feet of Donald at the bus stop, and she stated, “I don’t ever go near Donald. I’m with
Artemis, they teach us how to be safe.” Tina testified that she has not been to the bus
stop since October 29, 2014.
{¶ 13} The trial court ruled from the bench as follows:
* * * You know, I have to tell you, Ms. Putman-Albright, the
complaining witness is very credible. This, what you’re telling us just
doesn’t make any sense. Your testimony just, you know, it’s obviously
going to self-serving (sic), but in this case the details to which the victim
explained how you followed him and going down the wrong side of the
roadway and so on, I’m not sure whether you guys have any kind of
agreement but neither one of you is supposed to see each other at the bus
stop and you know that, okay. You can’t make any side agreements, you
have a Protection Order against one another being within five hundred feet
of one another and it’s not with exception of visitation or bus stop, correct,
it has to do with all times except for communications about visitation, that’s -10-
all. And I have to tell you, * * * I believe this victim in this case and you
need to understand that you violate that Protection Order every time you
wait at that bus stop, but in these two occasions, on the 21st and the 29th
when he was there, you just couldn’t be there and he told you, you saw him,
you didn’t leave right away and the one time you went after him and I believe
his testimony. You’re upset that he missed the bus and on the other one
you saw him and you shouldn’t have even been there. I just, I’m not
understanding what you’re (sic) thinking is, why you’re there, * * *. I’m going
to have to find you Guilty, State proved their case beyond a reasonable
doubt, two counts of violating a protection order.
{¶ 14} Tina asserts three assignments of error herein. We will consider her first
two assignments of error together. They are as follows:
APPELLANT’S CONVICTIONS WERE AGAINST THE MANIFEST
WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE,
And,
APPELLANT’S CONVICTIONS WERE BASED UPON
INSUFFICIENT EVIDENCE PRESENTEND AT TRIAL.
{¶ 15} According to Tina, the “charge stemming from the events of October 21,
2014 is against the manifest weight of the evidence because the Appellant was never
within 500 feet of Mr. Albright for any reason other than to communicate about the child.
In the case at bar, i[t] was understood by both parties that a parent should be with the
child at the bus stop in the morning.” Tina asserts that a “reasonable person, like the
Appellant in this case, would want to know why their child was missing from the bus stop -11-
that morning. This type of communication, regarding a parenting issue, was allowable
under the protection order.” Tina asserts that since she “never got within 500 feet of Mr.
Putman (sic) for any reason other than communicating about the child, Appellant’s first
violation of a protection order is against the manifest weight of the evidence and should
be reversed.”
{¶ 16} Tina asserts that on the morning of October 29, 2014, Donald called her
because their son wanted to speak to her. She asserts that when he observed the
flashing lights, Donald “stopped and didn’t go any closer to the bus stop. * * * He was at
least a block away and refused to get any closer.” According to Tina, “the only evidence
of the proximity between * * * Mr. Albright and the Appellant on October 29, 2014 was
testimony by the Appellant that he was a block away. There is no measurement or
supporting evidence that the distance between Mr. Albright and the Appellant was within
500 feet other than” Donald’s opinion.
{¶ 17} Tina asserts that there “was insufficient evidence at trial to show that
Appellant violated the protection order on October 21, 2014 because the Appellant was
never within 500 feet of Mr. Albright for any reason other than to communicate about the
child.” She repeats her argument regarding the violation on October 29, 2014, and she
asserts that there is no “evidence on record [that] supports a finding that Appellant was
closer than 500 feet from Mr. Albright on October 29, 2014. All that exists is an
admission by Mr. Albright that he was at least a block away, but still too far to be able to
determine if there was someone in the car with the flashing lights.”
{¶ 18} The State responds that there “is substantial and credible evidence in the
record from the testimony of the victim, Mr. Albright, for the Trial Court to reasonably -12-
conclude that all the elements of the offense of Violation of a Protection Order were
proven beyond a reasonable doubt.”
{¶ 19} As this Court has previously noted:
As a preliminary matter, we note that “[a] challenge to the sufficiency
of the evidence differs from a challenge to the manifest weight of the
evidence.” State v. McKnight, 107 Ohio St.3d 101, 2005–Ohio–6046, 837
N.E.2d 315, ¶ 69. “A sufficiency of the evidence argument disputes whether
the State has presented adequate evidence on each element of the offense
to allow the case to go to the jury or sustain the verdict as a matter of law.”
State v. Wilson, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 22581, 2009–Ohio–525, ¶ 10,
citing State v. Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d 380, 386, 678 N.E.2d 541 (1997).
“When reviewing a claim as to sufficiency of evidence, the relevant inquiry
is whether any rational factfinder viewing the evidence in a light most
favorable to the state could have found the essential elements of the crime
proven beyond a reasonable doubt.” (Citations omitted.) State v. Dennis, 79
Ohio St.3d 421, 430, 683 N.E.2d 1096 (1997). “The verdict will not be
disturbed unless the appellate court finds that reasonable minds could not
reach the conclusion reached by the trier-of-fact.” (Citations omitted.) Id.
In contrast, “[a] weight of the evidence argument challenges the
believability of the evidence and asks which of the competing inferences
suggested by the evidence is more believable or persuasive.” (Citation
omitted.) Wilson at ¶ 12. When evaluating whether a conviction is against
the manifest weight of the evidence, the appellate court must review the -13-
entire record, weigh the evidence and all reasonable inferences, consider
witness credibility, and determine whether, in resolving conflicts in the
evidence, the trier of fact “clearly lost its way and created such a manifest
miscarriage of justice that the conviction must be reversed and a new trial
ordered.” Thompkins at 387, quoting State v. Martin, 20 Ohio App.3d 172,
175, 485 N.E.2d 717 (1st Dist.1983). “The fact that the evidence is subject
to different interpretations does not render the conviction against the
manifest weight of the evidence.” State v. Adams, 2d Dist. Greene Nos.
2013 CA 61, 2013 CA 62, 2014–Ohio–3432, ¶ 24, citing Wilson at ¶ 14.
“The credibility of the witnesses and the weight to be given to their
testimony are matters for the trier of facts to resolve.” State v. Hammad, 2d
Dist. Montgomery No. 26057, 2014–Ohio–3638, ¶ 13, citing State v.
DeHass, 10 Ohio St.2d 230, 231, 227 N.E.2d 212 (1967). Because the trier
of fact sees and hears the witnesses at trial, we must defer to the factfinder's
decisions whether, and to what extent, to credit the testimony of particular
witnesses. State v. Lawson, 2d Dist. Montgomery No. 16288, 1997 WL
476684, *4 (Aug. 22, 1997). “This court will not substitute its judgment for
that of the trier of facts on the issue of witness credibility unless it is patently
apparent that the factfinder lost its way.” (Citation omitted.) State v. Bradley,
2d Dist. Champaign No. 97–CA–03, 1997 WL 691510, *4 (Oct. 24, 1997).
“Although sufficiency and manifest weight are different legal
concepts, manifest weight may subsume sufficiency in conducting the
analysis; that is, a finding that a conviction is supported by the manifest -14-
weight of the evidence necessarily includes a finding of sufficiency.”
(Citation omitted.) State v. McCrary, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 10AP–881,
2011–Ohio–3161, ¶ 11. As a result, “a determination that a conviction is
supported by the weight of the evidence will also be dispositive of the issue
of sufficiency.” (Citations omitted.) State v. Braxton, 10th Dist. Franklin No.
04AP–725, 2005–Ohio–2198, ¶ 15.
State v. Hunt, 2d Dist. Greene No. 2013-CA-79, 2014-Ohio-3839, ¶ 13-16.
{¶ 20} R.C. 2919.27(A)(1) provides that no “person shall recklessly violate the
terms” of a protection order issued “pursuant to section 2919.26 or 3113.31 of the Revised
Code.” R.C. 2901.22(C) provides:
A person acts recklessly when, with heedless indifference to the
consequences, the person disregards a substantial and unjustifiable risk
that the person's conduct is likely to cause a certain result or is likely to be
of a certain nature. A person is reckless with respect to circumstances
when, with heedless indifference to the consequences, the person
disregards a substantial and unjustifiable risk that such circumstances are
likely to exist.
{¶ 21} Donald’s May 27, 2010 protection order provides in part as follows:
REPONDENT SHALL STAY AWAY FROM PETITIONER and all
other protected persons named in this order, and shall not be present within
500 feet (distance) of any protected persons, where protected persons may
be found, or any place [t]he Respondent knows or should know the
protected persons are likely to be, even with Petitioner’s permission. If -15-
Respondent accidentally comes in contact with protected persons in any
public or private place, Respondent must depart immediately. This order
includes encounters on public and private roads, highways, and
thoroughfares.
The record reflects that the protection order was amended in part as follows on May 6,
2013: “It is not a violation of the Civil Protection Order filed May 27, 2010 for the parties
to communicate by phone, text or e-mail concerning parenting issues.”
{¶ 22} Regarding Tina’s first assigned error, we initially note that the trial court
specifically found Donald to be “very credible” and Tina’s testimony to be “self-serving,”
and we defer to the trial court’s assessment of credibility. The initial complaint charged
Tina with driving behind Donald and following him home. Donald provided detailed
testimony that on October 21, 2014, after waiting at the bus stop where she knew that he
would be with their son, Tina followed Donald in the direction of his home, on the wrong
side of the street, in violation of the protection order. The second complaint charged
Tina with being within 500 feet of Donald and “speaking to him other than parental
concerns.” Donald testified that Tina again waited at the bus stop on October 29, 2014,
and that she refused to leave and demanded that Donald release their son to her. When
Donald refused to release the child, Tina called him a “punk ass” and asked him if he was
afraid of her brother. We note that Donald testified that in both incidents, Tina was within
500 hundred feet of him.
{¶ 23} Having reviewed the entire record, weighed the evidence and all
reasonable inferences, we cannot conclude that the trial court lost its way and created a
manifest miscarriage of justice in convicting Tina of twice violating R.C. 2919.27(A)(1) -16-
such that Tina is entitled to a new trial. Donald’s testimony regarding Tina’s conduct on
both dates is clear and Tina’s testimony that it was her “normal routine” to be at the bus
stop defies credulity. We conclude that Tina, with heedless indifference to the
consequences, followed Donald in her car on his way home and communicated with him
in a manner prohibited by the protection order. Accordingly, we find that Tina’s
convictions are not against the manifest weight of the evidence. Having concluded that
Tina’s convictions are supported by the weight of the evidence, this conclusion is further
dispositive of the issue of the sufficiency of the evidence herein. For the foregoing
reasons, Tina’s first two assignments of error are overruled.
{¶ 24} Tina’s third assignment of error is as follows:
APPELLANT’S CONVICTIONS WERE THE RESULT OF
INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL.
{¶ 25} According to Tina:
* * * First, trial counsel for the Appellant was deficient. When the
Appellee admitted that the parties were able to communicate regarding the
care of their son, counsel failed to cross examine the Appellee on whether
the communication was solely regarding the son on both October 21, 2014
and October 29, 2014. Counsel never asked if there was communication
on those days other than to talk about the child. Indeed, it is clear from the
record that all of the communication on those days regarded the care of the
child. The record establishes that counsel had no strategy for linking the
communication to the care of the child, which was permitted by the
protection order. -17-
Counsel failed to make several key inquiries during the trial.
Counsel failed to inquire regarding the motivation of the Appellant’s
presence at the bus stop. Testimony brought forth by both sides showed
that the bus stop was a dark, dangerous place with raccoons. * * * Counsel
did not call the child to ask him if he was scared of being at the bus stop
alone in the morning. Counsel did not ask Appellant or Mr. Albright if the
child expressed any fears of being at the bus stop alone. * * * Mr. Putman
(sic) said that the child would sometimes be taken to the bus stop by a
caregiver, which indicates that * * * Mr. Putman (sic) didn’t always take the
child to the bus stop. Even with that simple inference, Counsel still failed
to ask either witness if the child had been alone at the bus stop by himself
and refused to call the child to the stand.
Second, if counsel would have made the relevant inquire[i]es and
actually prepared for trial, the outcome would have been different. If there
was testimony that the child was scared and had, on previous occasion,
been at the bus stop by himself, the trier of fact would have determined that
the Appellant’s presence at the bus stop was reasonable, and for the
primary purpose of assuring her son’s safety. Additionally, had Counsel
linked the communications between Appellant and Mr. Albright on October
21, 2014 and 29, 2014 to the well being (sic) of the child, the trier of fact
would have determined that the communications were allowable under the
protection order. * * *
{¶ 26} The State responds that “defense counsel conducted a proper and relevant -18-
cross examination of the state’s witness regarding the contact between the three parties
involved.” The State asserts that “Appellant’s arguments are based purely on conjecture
and speculation as to what might have happened or perhaps could have happened.”
{¶ 27} As this Court has previously noted:
To establish a claim for ineffective assistance of counsel, the
defendant has the burden of demonstrating that: 1) the performance of
defense counsel was seriously flawed and deficient; and 2) there is a
reasonable probability that the result of the defendant's trial or legal
proceeding would have been different had defense counsel provided proper
representation. State v. LeGrant, 2d Dist. Miami No. 2013–CA–44, 2014–
Ohio–5803, ¶ 26, citing Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 104 S.Ct.
2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984). Therefore, to reverse a conviction based on
ineffective assistance of counsel, it must be demonstrated that trial
counsel's conduct fell below an objective standard of reasonableness, and
that counsel's deficiencies were serious enough to create a reasonable
probability that, but for the deficiencies, the result of the trial would have
been different.
State v. Dover, 2d Dist. Clark No. 2013-CA-58, 2015-Ohio-4785, ¶ 7.
{¶ 28} Regarding Tina’s assertion that defense counsel “failed to cross examine
the Appellee on whether the communication was solely regarding the son on both October
21, 2014 and October 29, 2014,” we initially assume that by “the Appellee,” Tina intends
to refer to Donald. As determined above, Tina is required to stay away from Donald, and
the amended protection order only allows for communication via phone, text or email -19-
regarding parenting issues. The record belies Tina’s assertion that “all of the
communication on those days regarded the care of the child.” As discussed above,
Donald’s testimony made clear that Tina spoke to him about matters beyond parental
concerns when she asked him if he feared her brother and called him a “punk ass.”
Further, defense counsel asked Donald if “you and Tina generally made it a practice that
one of you would be with your son at the bus stop,” and Donald responded “No, because
from my testimony earlier I do not talk to Tina that way. We have a restraining order
about that. * * *.” Accordingly, we cannot conclude that defense counsel’s performance
was deficient in cross-examining Donald.
{¶ 29} Regarding Tina’s assertion that defense counsel failed to adduce evidence
regarding her motivation for being present at the stop, namely to assure her son’s safety,
and “failed to ask either witness if the child had been alone at the bus stop by himself and
refused to call the child to the stand,” in fact, Tina testified that the child was left alone at
the bus stop in August, 2014, and that she was present at the location on the dates at
issue at Donald’s request to protect the child in his absence. Tina fails to indicate how
any testimony by Donald consistent with hers about the child being alone at the bus stop
in August, 2014 would have resulted in a conclusion by the trial court that Tina did not
follow Donald on his way home and speak to him in a manner prohibited by the protection
order in October, 2014. Further we do not find that defense counsel’s failure to call the
child to testify constitutes deficient performance, or that doing so would have altered the
outcome of the trial. As Tina asserts, she and Donald both testified that the bus stop
area is dark and dangerous in the morning. Defense counsel may have reasonably
chosen not to subject the young child to testifying at trial to merely elaborate on the nature -20-
of the bus stop and the child’s purported fear thereof, and Tina offers no basis for us to
find that any fear the child may have testified to about the bus stop would have led the
trial court to conclude that she did not violate the protection order. Finally, regarding Tina’s
assertion that Donald “admitted that he doesn’t always take the child to the bus stop in
the morning,” so that she “felt she should be present” there to protect her son, Tina
mischaracterizes the record. Donald testified that he did not employ the child’s caregiver
to take the child to the bus stop in the morning until after October 29, 2014. Since
ineffective assistance of counsel is not demonstrated, Tina’s third assignment of error is
overruled. The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
..........
FAIN, J. and FROELICH, J., concur.
Copies mailed to:
Joe Cloud Mitchell J. Frost Hon. Cynthia M. Heck