[Cite as State v. Price, 2017-Ohio-533.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 104341
STATE OF OHIO PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE
vs.
CHRISTIAN PRICE DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
Criminal Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Case No. CR-12-558932-A
BEFORE: Keough, A.J., E.A. Gallagher, J., and S. Gallagher, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: February 16, 2017 ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
Kathleen Amerkhanian Kryszak & Associates Co., L.P.A. 5330 Meadow Lane Court, Suite A Sheffield Village, Ohio 44035
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Michael C. O’Malley Cuyahoga County Prosecutor By: Daniel T. Van Assistant Prosecuting Attorney The Justice Center, 9th Floor 1200 Ontario Street Cleveland, Ohio 44113 KATHLEEN ANN KEOUGH, A.J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant, Christian Price (“Price”), appeals his sentence. For the
reasons that follow, we affirm his sentence as imposed.
{¶2} In Cuyahoga C.P. No. CR-11-549930, a jury found Price guilty of rape,
kidnapping, and telecommunications harassment, and the trial court sentenced him to six
years incarceration; Price appealed. See State v. Price, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 98410,
2013-Ohio-1542 (“Price I”).
{¶3} While Price I was pending on appeal, Price was tried before a jury on
unrelated charges of telecommunications harassment, rape, kidnapping for the purpose of
terrorizing the victim, and kidnapping for the purpose of engaging in sexual activity, all
with sexual motivation and sexually violent predator specifications. See Cuyahoga C.P.
No. CR-12-558932. The charges arose out of events that occurred several months after
the offenses charged in Price I.
{¶4} That case was assigned to the same judge as in Price I. The
telecommunications charge was dismissed during trial, and the jury found Price not guilty
of rape and kidnapping for the purpose of terrorizing the victim, but guilty of kidnapping
for the purpose of engaging in sexual activity, a first-degree felony. This conviction also
included a sexual motivation specification.
{¶5} Trial on the accompanying sexually violent predator specification was held to
the bench. Based on Price’s rape and kidnapping convictions in Price I, the trial court
found him guilty of the sexually violent predator specification. Accordingly, pursuant to R.C. 2971.03(A)(3)(b)(ii), the trial court imposed the mandatory sentence of ten years to
life in prison, to be served consecutive to the six-year prison term in Price I. Again,
Price appealed. See State v. Price, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 99058, 2013-Ohio-3912
(“Price II”).
{¶6} While Price II was pending on appeal, this court reversed Price’s rape and
kidnapping convictions in Price I and remanded the matter to the trial court for a new trial
on those charges.
{¶7} Subsequently, in Price II, this court affirmed Price’s kidnapping conviction,
including both the sexual motivation and sexually violent predator specifications.
Although Price argued on appeal in Price II that his conviction on the sexually violent
predator specification should be vacated because it was based on his convictions in Price
I, which by that time had been reversed although retrial had not yet been had, this court
declined to decide the issue, concluding that Price’s argument would be better addressed
in a petition for postconviction relief after his retrial in Price I. Price II at ¶ 59.
{¶8} After retrial and acquittal of the rape and kidnapping offenses in Price I,
Price filed a petition for postconviction relief and a new trial in Cuyahoga C.P. No.
CR-12-558932 (Price II), requesting a new trial on the sexually violent predator
specification attached to his kidnapping conviction. In light of the acquittals in Price I,
the state conceded that Price was entitled to a new trial on the sexually violent predator
specification. Price waived his right to a jury, and the matter proceeded to a bench trial.
After a trial, the trial court found him not guilty of the specification. {¶9} The court then resentenced Price to seven years incarceration on the
kidnapping conviction in Price II and advised him of postrelease control and his reporting
requirements as a Tier II sexual offender.
{¶10} Price appealed his sentence in Price II contending that the sentencing judge
was biased, vindictive, and failed to comply with Ohio sentencing provisions. State v.
Price, 2016-Ohio-591, 60 N.E.3d 481 (8th Dist.) (“Price III”). Although this court
rejected his argument that the sentence imposed was a result of bias or vindictiveness by
the trial judge, this court found that the
trial court made no reference during sentencing to the statutory sentencing criteria and gave no indication that it had considered those criteria. Likewise, the sentencing journal entry contains no statement indicating that the trial court considered the purposes and principles of sentencing and the seriousness of Price’s conduct and the recidivism factors when it imposed his sentence.
Price III at ¶ 29. Accordingly, this court again reversed Price’s sentence and remanded
the matter for resentencing.
{¶11} At resentencing, the trial court acknowledged that it did not previously
address the mandates of R.C. 2929.11 and 2929.12. Thereafter, the trial court considered
statements by the prosecution and mitigating statements by defense counsel, Price’s
mother, and Price. After addressing the purposes of felony sentencing in R.C. 2929.11
and discussing the applicable recidivism and seriousness factors found in R.C. 2929.12,
the trial court imposed the original seven-year sentence on the kidnapping charge.
{¶12} Price now appeals, raising two assignments of error. {¶13} Price contends in his first assignment of error that his sentence is contrary to
law and violates his rights to due process under the U.S. Constitution, Amendments IV
and V, and the Ohio Constitution, because the trial court failed to follow the underlying
purposes of felony sentencing as evidenced by its misinterpretation of the felony
sentencing guidelines in R.C. 2929.11 and its misapplication of the seriousness and
recidivism factors contained in R.C. 2929.12.
{¶14} Appellate review of felony sentences is governed by R.C. 2953.08, which
provides that when reviewing felony sentences, this court may increase, reduce, modify a
sentence, or vacate and remand for resentencing if we clearly and convincingly find that
the record does not support the sentencing court’s statutory findings, if applicable, or the
sentence is contrary to law. R.C. 2953.08(G)(2). A sentence is contrary to law if (1) the
sentence falls outside the statutory range for the particular degree of offense, or (2) the
trial court failed to consider the purposes and principles of felony sentencing set forth in
R.C. 2929.11 and the sentencing factors in R.C. 2929.12. State v. Hinton, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 102710, 2015-Ohio-4907, ¶ 10, citing State v. Smith, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga
No. 100206, 2014-Ohio-1520, ¶ 13. When a sentence is imposed solely after
consideration of the factors in R.C. 2929.11 and 2929.12, appellate courts “may vacate or
modify any sentence that is not clearly and convincingly contrary to law only if the
appellate court finds by clear and convincing evidence that the record does not support
the sentence.” State v. Marcum, 146 Ohio St.3d 516, 2016-Ohio-1002, 59 N.E.3d 1231, ¶
23.
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[Cite as State v. Price, 2017-Ohio-533.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 104341
STATE OF OHIO PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE
vs.
CHRISTIAN PRICE DEFENDANT-APPELLANT
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
Criminal Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Case No. CR-12-558932-A
BEFORE: Keough, A.J., E.A. Gallagher, J., and S. Gallagher, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: February 16, 2017 ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
Kathleen Amerkhanian Kryszak & Associates Co., L.P.A. 5330 Meadow Lane Court, Suite A Sheffield Village, Ohio 44035
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Michael C. O’Malley Cuyahoga County Prosecutor By: Daniel T. Van Assistant Prosecuting Attorney The Justice Center, 9th Floor 1200 Ontario Street Cleveland, Ohio 44113 KATHLEEN ANN KEOUGH, A.J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant, Christian Price (“Price”), appeals his sentence. For the
reasons that follow, we affirm his sentence as imposed.
{¶2} In Cuyahoga C.P. No. CR-11-549930, a jury found Price guilty of rape,
kidnapping, and telecommunications harassment, and the trial court sentenced him to six
years incarceration; Price appealed. See State v. Price, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 98410,
2013-Ohio-1542 (“Price I”).
{¶3} While Price I was pending on appeal, Price was tried before a jury on
unrelated charges of telecommunications harassment, rape, kidnapping for the purpose of
terrorizing the victim, and kidnapping for the purpose of engaging in sexual activity, all
with sexual motivation and sexually violent predator specifications. See Cuyahoga C.P.
No. CR-12-558932. The charges arose out of events that occurred several months after
the offenses charged in Price I.
{¶4} That case was assigned to the same judge as in Price I. The
telecommunications charge was dismissed during trial, and the jury found Price not guilty
of rape and kidnapping for the purpose of terrorizing the victim, but guilty of kidnapping
for the purpose of engaging in sexual activity, a first-degree felony. This conviction also
included a sexual motivation specification.
{¶5} Trial on the accompanying sexually violent predator specification was held to
the bench. Based on Price’s rape and kidnapping convictions in Price I, the trial court
found him guilty of the sexually violent predator specification. Accordingly, pursuant to R.C. 2971.03(A)(3)(b)(ii), the trial court imposed the mandatory sentence of ten years to
life in prison, to be served consecutive to the six-year prison term in Price I. Again,
Price appealed. See State v. Price, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 99058, 2013-Ohio-3912
(“Price II”).
{¶6} While Price II was pending on appeal, this court reversed Price’s rape and
kidnapping convictions in Price I and remanded the matter to the trial court for a new trial
on those charges.
{¶7} Subsequently, in Price II, this court affirmed Price’s kidnapping conviction,
including both the sexual motivation and sexually violent predator specifications.
Although Price argued on appeal in Price II that his conviction on the sexually violent
predator specification should be vacated because it was based on his convictions in Price
I, which by that time had been reversed although retrial had not yet been had, this court
declined to decide the issue, concluding that Price’s argument would be better addressed
in a petition for postconviction relief after his retrial in Price I. Price II at ¶ 59.
{¶8} After retrial and acquittal of the rape and kidnapping offenses in Price I,
Price filed a petition for postconviction relief and a new trial in Cuyahoga C.P. No.
CR-12-558932 (Price II), requesting a new trial on the sexually violent predator
specification attached to his kidnapping conviction. In light of the acquittals in Price I,
the state conceded that Price was entitled to a new trial on the sexually violent predator
specification. Price waived his right to a jury, and the matter proceeded to a bench trial.
After a trial, the trial court found him not guilty of the specification. {¶9} The court then resentenced Price to seven years incarceration on the
kidnapping conviction in Price II and advised him of postrelease control and his reporting
requirements as a Tier II sexual offender.
{¶10} Price appealed his sentence in Price II contending that the sentencing judge
was biased, vindictive, and failed to comply with Ohio sentencing provisions. State v.
Price, 2016-Ohio-591, 60 N.E.3d 481 (8th Dist.) (“Price III”). Although this court
rejected his argument that the sentence imposed was a result of bias or vindictiveness by
the trial judge, this court found that the
trial court made no reference during sentencing to the statutory sentencing criteria and gave no indication that it had considered those criteria. Likewise, the sentencing journal entry contains no statement indicating that the trial court considered the purposes and principles of sentencing and the seriousness of Price’s conduct and the recidivism factors when it imposed his sentence.
Price III at ¶ 29. Accordingly, this court again reversed Price’s sentence and remanded
the matter for resentencing.
{¶11} At resentencing, the trial court acknowledged that it did not previously
address the mandates of R.C. 2929.11 and 2929.12. Thereafter, the trial court considered
statements by the prosecution and mitigating statements by defense counsel, Price’s
mother, and Price. After addressing the purposes of felony sentencing in R.C. 2929.11
and discussing the applicable recidivism and seriousness factors found in R.C. 2929.12,
the trial court imposed the original seven-year sentence on the kidnapping charge.
{¶12} Price now appeals, raising two assignments of error. {¶13} Price contends in his first assignment of error that his sentence is contrary to
law and violates his rights to due process under the U.S. Constitution, Amendments IV
and V, and the Ohio Constitution, because the trial court failed to follow the underlying
purposes of felony sentencing as evidenced by its misinterpretation of the felony
sentencing guidelines in R.C. 2929.11 and its misapplication of the seriousness and
recidivism factors contained in R.C. 2929.12.
{¶14} Appellate review of felony sentences is governed by R.C. 2953.08, which
provides that when reviewing felony sentences, this court may increase, reduce, modify a
sentence, or vacate and remand for resentencing if we clearly and convincingly find that
the record does not support the sentencing court’s statutory findings, if applicable, or the
sentence is contrary to law. R.C. 2953.08(G)(2). A sentence is contrary to law if (1) the
sentence falls outside the statutory range for the particular degree of offense, or (2) the
trial court failed to consider the purposes and principles of felony sentencing set forth in
R.C. 2929.11 and the sentencing factors in R.C. 2929.12. State v. Hinton, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 102710, 2015-Ohio-4907, ¶ 10, citing State v. Smith, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga
No. 100206, 2014-Ohio-1520, ¶ 13. When a sentence is imposed solely after
consideration of the factors in R.C. 2929.11 and 2929.12, appellate courts “may vacate or
modify any sentence that is not clearly and convincingly contrary to law only if the
appellate court finds by clear and convincing evidence that the record does not support
the sentence.” State v. Marcum, 146 Ohio St.3d 516, 2016-Ohio-1002, 59 N.E.3d 1231, ¶
23. {¶15} In this case, Price was convicted of kidnapping, a first-degree felony, and
was sentenced to serve seven years in prison for the offense. The seven-year sentence is
within the statutory range for a first-degree felony. See R.C. 2929.14(A)(1). Therefore,
the prison term itself is not contrary to law.
{¶16} Additionally, the record reflects that the trial court considered the purposes
and principles of felony sentencing set forth in R.C. 2929.11 and the seriousness and
recidivism sentencing factors in R.C. 2929.12.
{¶17} The trial court’s journal entry of sentence states, “[t]he court considered all
required factors of the law. The court finds that prison is consistent with the purpose of
R.C. 2929.11.” These statements alone are sufficient to satisfy the trial court’s
obligations under the law and this court’s remand order. State v. Clayton, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 99700, 2014-Ohio-112, ¶ 9. The trial court is not required to make any
findings in support of the factors contained in R.C. 2929.11 or 2929.12. See, e.g., State
v. Gay, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 103641, 2016-Ohio-2946, ¶ 23.
{¶18} Nevertheless, the trial court thoroughly discussed the purposes and
principles of felony sentencing under R.C. 2929.11 and the seriousness and recidivism
factors contained in R.C. 2929.12. Although not required to do so, the trial made
specific findings regarding the seriousness and recidivism factors. Specifically, the trial
court found that the psychological injuries suffered by the victim were exacerbated by the
victim’s relatively young age, and that Price used his relationship with the victim to facilitate the offense. Accordingly, the trial court concluded that Price’s conduct was
more serious than conduct normally constituting the offense.
{¶19} As for recidivism factors, the court found that Price was under indictment
for a similar, yet unrelated, offense when he committed the kidnapping offense, and that
Price showed no genuine remorse. The trial court stated that it weighed those factors
against the fact that Price had no prior juvenile adjudications, no serious prior
convictions, and that he led a relatively law-abiding life for a significant number of years.
Despite these competing factors, the trial court found that a seven-year sentence for
Price’s kidnapping offense with a sexual motivation specification was warranted based on
the facts and circumstances surrounding the offense.
{¶20} Price asserts on appeal that his sentence is contrary to law because the trial
court misapplied the seriousness and recidivism factors. Essentially, Price contends that
the trial court did not weigh the factors in his favor. “The weight to be given to any one
sentencing factor is purely discretionary and rests with the trial court.” State v. Ongert,
8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 103208, 2016-Ohio-1543, ¶ 10, citing State v. Torres, 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 101769, 2015-Ohio-2038, ¶ 11. A lawful sentence “cannot be deemed
contrary to law because a defendant disagrees with the trial court’s discretion to
individually weigh the sentencing factors. As long as the trial court considered all
sentencing factors, the sentence is not contrary to law and the appellate inquiry ends.”
Ongert at ¶ 12. {¶21} Accordingly, based on the record before this court, we find that the trial
court complied with our mandate, considered the factors contained in R.C. 2929.11 and
2929.12, and imposed a sentence after weighing those factors as it deemed appropriate.
Price’s assignment of error is overruled.
{¶22} In his second assignment of error, Price contends that his sentence is
contrary to law because the trial court exhibited vindictiveness and bias during the
resentencing hearing.
{¶23} In Price III, this court concluded that the trial court did not exhibit bias
toward Price in resentencing him to seven years on the kidnapping offense, which
included a sexual motivation specification. Additionally, this court found no
presumption of vindictiveness because the sentence was within the statutory range for a
first-degree felony, and it was a lesser sentence than the originally imposed ten-year
sentence. Price III at ¶ 16 and 21. This court’s conclusions in Price III apply equally to
Price’s arguments in this appeal attempting to re-challenge the trial court’s demeanor
toward him during resentencing.
{¶24} In complying with our mandate in Price III, the trial court properly engaged
in the requisite analysis and considered the factors of R.C. 2929.11 and 2929.12. The
trial court, after making the appropriate findings, ordered Price to serve the seven-year
sentence that was previously imposed. Nothing in the record indicates the court acted
with bias or was vindictive.
{¶25} Price’s second assignment of error is overruled. {¶26} Judgment affirmed.
It is ordered that appellee recover from appellant costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the common
pleas court to carry this judgment into execution. Case remanded to the trial court for
execution of sentence.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 2 of the
Rules of Appellate Procedure.
KATHLEEN ANN KEOUGH, ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE
EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, J., and SEAN C. GALLAGHER, J., CONCUR