State v. Pitner

Supreme Court of Vermont

State v. Pitner

596 A.2d 344, 157 Vt. 642, 1991 Vt. LEXIS 133

CourtSupreme Court of Vermont

DecidedJuly 3, 1991

DocketNo. 88-495

StatusPublished

This text of 596 A.2d 344 (State v. Pitner) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Vermont primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

State v. Pitner, 596 A.2d 344, 157 Vt. 642, 1991 Vt. LEXIS 133 (Vt. 1991).

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Opinion

The presumption contained in 23 V.S.A. § 1204(a)(1) — that if there was 0.05 percent or less by weight of alcohol in a person’s blood or breath, it shall be presumed that the person was not under the influence of intoxicating liquor — is a rebuttable mandatory presumption rather than an irrebuttable conclusive presumption. See, e.g., Pigee v. Israel, 670 F.2d 690, 692-93 (7th Cir.) (comparing “conclusive,” “mandatory,” and “permissive” presumptions), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 846 (1982); Washington v. Harris, 502 F. Supp. 1267, 1271-72 (S.D.N.Y. 1980) (same), cert. denied, 455 U.S. 951 (1982); see also Town of Dorset v. Fausett, 133 Vt. 476, 479-80, 346 A.2d 200, 203 (1975) (presumptions that are evidentiary in nature are rebut-table, not conclusive).

There is nothing in the statutes to indicate that the Legislature intended to allow a driver to be slightly impaired while operating a motor vehicle; rather, the Legislature has attempted to draw a line below which most people would not be mentally or physically impaired. Therefore, § 1204(a)(1) does not invalidate the instruction enunciated in State v. Storrs, 105 Vt. 180, 185, 163 A. 560, 562 (1933), which has been repeatedly reaffirmed by this Court. See State v. Abbott, 151 Vt. 618, 621, 563 A.2d 640, 642 (1989); State v. Schmitt, 150 Vt. 503, 507-08, 554 A.2d 666, 669 (1988).

Affirmed.

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The presumption contained in 23 V.S.A. § 1204(a)(1) — that if there was 0.05 percent or less by weight of alcohol in a person’s blood or breath, it shall be presumed that the person was not under the influence of intoxicating liquor — is a rebuttable mandatory presumption rather than an irrebuttable conclusive presumption. See, e.g., Pigee v. Israel, 670 F.2d 690, 692-93 (7th Cir.) (comparing “conclusive,” “mandatory,” and “permissive” presumptions), cert. denied, 459 U.S. 846 (1982); Washington v. Harris, 502 F. Supp. 1267, 1271-72 (S.D.N.Y. 1980) (same), cert. denied, 455 U.S. 951 (1982); see also Town of Dorset v. Fausett, 133 Vt. 476, 479-80, 346 A.2d 200, 203 (1975) (presumptions that are evidentiary in nature are rebut-table, not conclusive).

There is nothing in the statutes to indicate that the Legislature intended to allow a driver to be slightly impaired while operating a motor vehicle; rather, the Legislature has attempted to draw a line below which most people would not be mentally or physically impaired. Therefore, § 1204(a)(1) does not invalidate the instruction enunciated in State v. Storrs, 105 Vt. 180, 185, 163 A. 560, 562 (1933), which has been repeatedly reaffirmed by this Court. See State v. Abbott, 151 Vt. 618, 621, 563 A.2d 640, 642 (1989); State v. Schmitt, 150 Vt. 503, 507-08, 554 A.2d 666, 669 (1988).

Affirmed.

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Bluebook (online)

596 A.2d 344, 157 Vt. 642, 1991 Vt. LEXIS 133, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-pitner-vt-1991.

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