[Cite as State v. O'Neal, 2019-Ohio-3856.]
COURT OF APPEALS FAIRFIELD COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO JUDGES: Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P. J. Plaintiff-Appellee Hon. John W. Wise, J. Hon. Earle E. Wise, Jr., J. -vs- Case No. 19 CA 12 DAVID J. O'NEAL
Defendant-Appellant OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Criminal Appeal from the Court of Common Pleas, Case Nos. 2012 CR 37 and 2012 CR 445
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: September 23, 2019
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
R. KYLE WITT DAVID JERMAINE O'NEAL PROSECUTING ATTORNEY PRO SE KIRK L. SHAW Lebanon Correctional Institution ASSISTANT PROSECUTOR P.O. Box 120 239 West Main Street, Suite 101 Lebanon, Ohio 45036 Lancaster, Ohio 43130 Fairfield County, Case No. 19 CA 12 2
Wise, John, J.
{¶1} Appellant David J. O’Neal appeals from the decision of the Court of
Common Pleas, Fairfield County, which denied his motion to dismiss his 2013
convictions. Appellee is the State of Ohio. The relevant facts leading to this appeal are
as follows.
{¶2} On July 27, 2012, under what became trial court case number 12–CR–317,
the Fairfield County Grand Jury indicted appellant on one count of grand theft of a motor
vehicle, one count of receiving stolen property, one count of vandalism, and one count
of obstructing official business. The charges arose from appellant's actions of stealing
and crashing a police vehicle on July 17, 2012.
{¶3} On September 28, 2012, under what became trial court case number 12–
CR–445, the Fairfield County Grand Jury indicted appellant on one count of murder, two
counts of aggravated burglary, and two counts of aggravated robbery. Each of the counts
carried a firearm specification under R.C. 2941.141. One of the aggravated robbery
counts was later amended to a charge of robbery. These charges arose from appellant's
actions on July 17, 2012, prior to his aforementioned fleeing from the police.
{¶4} The cases were joined for trial and a jury trial commenced on October 22,
2013. For the five offenses in Case No. 12–CR–445, the trial court gave the jury
instructions on complicity. The jury subsequently found appellant guilty of all charges in
both cases, including the offense of complicity to all five counts and the firearm
specifications in Case No. 12–CR–445.
{¶5} A sentencing hearing was held on November 22, 2013. In Case No. 12–
CR–317, the trial court merged the offenses of grand theft and receiving stolen property. Fairfield County, Case No. 19 CA 12 3
The State elected sentencing on the grand theft. The trial court sentenced appellant to
an aggregate term of thirty-nine months in prison. In Case No. 12–CR–445, the trial court
merged the principal offender and complicity offenses, the robbery count with one of the
aggravated burglary counts, and the aggravated robbery count with the murder count.
The State elected sentencing on the murder count and the two aggravated burglary
counts. The trial court sentenced appellant to three years mandatory on the firearm
specifications, consecutive to a definite term of eighteen years, consecutive to an
indefinite term of fifteen years to life, consecutive to the sentence in Case No. 12–CR–
317.
{¶6} Appellant filed a direct appeal, raising six assigned errors. On February 10,
2015, this Court affirmed appellant's convictions and sentences. See State v. O'Neal,
5th Dist. Fairfield Nos. 13–CA–90 and 13–CA–91, 2015–Ohio–537. The Ohio Supreme
Court did not thereafter accept the case for review. See State v. O'Neal, 143 Ohio St.3d
1465, 37 N.E.3d 1250 (Table), 2015-Ohio-3733.
{¶7} On December 2, 2014, appellant filed in each case a petition for post-
conviction relief regarding DNA evidence, claiming the presentation of the evidence
deprived him of a fair trial and due process of law. A hearing on the petition for post-
conviction relief was held on December 10, 2015. After extensive consideration and
review of the record, the trial court issued a detailed decision on August 25, 2016,
denying the petition.
{¶8} On November 30, 2017, we affirmed the trial court’s aforesaid post-
conviction decision. See State v. O'Neal, 5th Dist. Fairfield No. 16-CA-35, 2017-Ohio- Fairfield County, Case No. 19 CA 12 4
8755. The Ohio Supreme Court did not thereafter accept the case for review. See State
v. O'Neal, 152 Ohio St.3d 1464, 2018-Ohio-1795, 97 N.E.3d 500.
{¶9} On December 17, 2018, appellant filed in the trial court a pro se “motion to
dismiss sentence and conviction for lack of subject matter jurisdiction.” The State filed a
memorandum in opposition on January 29, 2019. Appellant filed a reply to the State’s
memorandum on February 15, 2019.
{¶10} On February 21, 2019, the trial court issued a judgment entry denying
appellant’s motion to dismiss, under both trial court case numbers.
{¶11} Appellant filed a pro se notice of appeal on March 22, 2019.1 He herein
raises the following sole Assignment of Error:
{¶12} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION AND COMMITED [SIC]
ERROR IN DENYING APPELLANT’S MOTION WHEN THE TRIAL COURT KNEW IT
HELD NO SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION.”
{¶13} As an initial matter, we note this case has been assigned to the Court’s
accelerated calendar. App.R. 11.1, which governs accelerated-calendar cases, states in
pertinent part: “It shall be sufficient compliance with App.R. 12(A) for the statement of
the reason for the court's decision as to each error to be in brief and conclusionary form.”
I.
{¶14} In his sole Assignment of Error, appellant contends the trial court committed
reversible error in denying his post-conviction “motion to dismiss sentence and
conviction” alleging lack of subject matter jurisdiction. We disagree.
1 Appellant actually filed two notices of appeal, one for each trial court case number. In the interest of justice, we will address both case numbers under 19 CA 12, as the trial court issued a joint judgment entry. Fairfield County, Case No. 19 CA 12 5
{¶15} “[T]he question of subject matter jurisdiction is so basic that it can be raised
at any stage before the trial court or any appellate court, or even collaterally in
subsequent and separate proceedings.” State v. Kohr, 5th Dist. Licking No. 2008 CA
00147, 2009-Ohio-5297, ¶ 47, citing State v. Williams (1988), 53 Ohio App.3d 1, 4, 557
N.E.2d 818.
{¶16} Under R.C. 2931.03, a common pleas court has subject-matter jurisdiction
over felony cases. Smith v. Sheldon, --- N.E.3d ---, 2019-Ohio-1677, ¶ 8 (Ohio Supreme
Court). We also note R.C. 2901.12(A), part of Ohio’s venue statute, states as follows:
“The trial of a criminal case in this state shall be held in a court having jurisdiction of the
subject matter, and, except in cases of emergency under section 1901.028, 1907.04,
2301.04, or 2501.20 of the Revised Code, in the territory of which the offense or any
element of the offense was committed.” Although subject matter jurisdiction is not subject
to waiver, the defense of improper venue may be waived. Keeley v. Stoops, 7th Dist.
Belmont No. 13 BE 23, 2014-Ohio-4161, 2014 WL 4672480, ¶¶ 10-11.
{¶17} In the case sub judice, appellant’s motion to dismiss attempted to blur the
concepts of jurisdiction and venue. His essential claim that he should have been
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[Cite as State v. O'Neal, 2019-Ohio-3856.]
COURT OF APPEALS FAIRFIELD COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO JUDGES: Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P. J. Plaintiff-Appellee Hon. John W. Wise, J. Hon. Earle E. Wise, Jr., J. -vs- Case No. 19 CA 12 DAVID J. O'NEAL
Defendant-Appellant OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Criminal Appeal from the Court of Common Pleas, Case Nos. 2012 CR 37 and 2012 CR 445
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: September 23, 2019
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
R. KYLE WITT DAVID JERMAINE O'NEAL PROSECUTING ATTORNEY PRO SE KIRK L. SHAW Lebanon Correctional Institution ASSISTANT PROSECUTOR P.O. Box 120 239 West Main Street, Suite 101 Lebanon, Ohio 45036 Lancaster, Ohio 43130 Fairfield County, Case No. 19 CA 12 2
Wise, John, J.
{¶1} Appellant David J. O’Neal appeals from the decision of the Court of
Common Pleas, Fairfield County, which denied his motion to dismiss his 2013
convictions. Appellee is the State of Ohio. The relevant facts leading to this appeal are
as follows.
{¶2} On July 27, 2012, under what became trial court case number 12–CR–317,
the Fairfield County Grand Jury indicted appellant on one count of grand theft of a motor
vehicle, one count of receiving stolen property, one count of vandalism, and one count
of obstructing official business. The charges arose from appellant's actions of stealing
and crashing a police vehicle on July 17, 2012.
{¶3} On September 28, 2012, under what became trial court case number 12–
CR–445, the Fairfield County Grand Jury indicted appellant on one count of murder, two
counts of aggravated burglary, and two counts of aggravated robbery. Each of the counts
carried a firearm specification under R.C. 2941.141. One of the aggravated robbery
counts was later amended to a charge of robbery. These charges arose from appellant's
actions on July 17, 2012, prior to his aforementioned fleeing from the police.
{¶4} The cases were joined for trial and a jury trial commenced on October 22,
2013. For the five offenses in Case No. 12–CR–445, the trial court gave the jury
instructions on complicity. The jury subsequently found appellant guilty of all charges in
both cases, including the offense of complicity to all five counts and the firearm
specifications in Case No. 12–CR–445.
{¶5} A sentencing hearing was held on November 22, 2013. In Case No. 12–
CR–317, the trial court merged the offenses of grand theft and receiving stolen property. Fairfield County, Case No. 19 CA 12 3
The State elected sentencing on the grand theft. The trial court sentenced appellant to
an aggregate term of thirty-nine months in prison. In Case No. 12–CR–445, the trial court
merged the principal offender and complicity offenses, the robbery count with one of the
aggravated burglary counts, and the aggravated robbery count with the murder count.
The State elected sentencing on the murder count and the two aggravated burglary
counts. The trial court sentenced appellant to three years mandatory on the firearm
specifications, consecutive to a definite term of eighteen years, consecutive to an
indefinite term of fifteen years to life, consecutive to the sentence in Case No. 12–CR–
317.
{¶6} Appellant filed a direct appeal, raising six assigned errors. On February 10,
2015, this Court affirmed appellant's convictions and sentences. See State v. O'Neal,
5th Dist. Fairfield Nos. 13–CA–90 and 13–CA–91, 2015–Ohio–537. The Ohio Supreme
Court did not thereafter accept the case for review. See State v. O'Neal, 143 Ohio St.3d
1465, 37 N.E.3d 1250 (Table), 2015-Ohio-3733.
{¶7} On December 2, 2014, appellant filed in each case a petition for post-
conviction relief regarding DNA evidence, claiming the presentation of the evidence
deprived him of a fair trial and due process of law. A hearing on the petition for post-
conviction relief was held on December 10, 2015. After extensive consideration and
review of the record, the trial court issued a detailed decision on August 25, 2016,
denying the petition.
{¶8} On November 30, 2017, we affirmed the trial court’s aforesaid post-
conviction decision. See State v. O'Neal, 5th Dist. Fairfield No. 16-CA-35, 2017-Ohio- Fairfield County, Case No. 19 CA 12 4
8755. The Ohio Supreme Court did not thereafter accept the case for review. See State
v. O'Neal, 152 Ohio St.3d 1464, 2018-Ohio-1795, 97 N.E.3d 500.
{¶9} On December 17, 2018, appellant filed in the trial court a pro se “motion to
dismiss sentence and conviction for lack of subject matter jurisdiction.” The State filed a
memorandum in opposition on January 29, 2019. Appellant filed a reply to the State’s
memorandum on February 15, 2019.
{¶10} On February 21, 2019, the trial court issued a judgment entry denying
appellant’s motion to dismiss, under both trial court case numbers.
{¶11} Appellant filed a pro se notice of appeal on March 22, 2019.1 He herein
raises the following sole Assignment of Error:
{¶12} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION AND COMMITED [SIC]
ERROR IN DENYING APPELLANT’S MOTION WHEN THE TRIAL COURT KNEW IT
HELD NO SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION.”
{¶13} As an initial matter, we note this case has been assigned to the Court’s
accelerated calendar. App.R. 11.1, which governs accelerated-calendar cases, states in
pertinent part: “It shall be sufficient compliance with App.R. 12(A) for the statement of
the reason for the court's decision as to each error to be in brief and conclusionary form.”
I.
{¶14} In his sole Assignment of Error, appellant contends the trial court committed
reversible error in denying his post-conviction “motion to dismiss sentence and
conviction” alleging lack of subject matter jurisdiction. We disagree.
1 Appellant actually filed two notices of appeal, one for each trial court case number. In the interest of justice, we will address both case numbers under 19 CA 12, as the trial court issued a joint judgment entry. Fairfield County, Case No. 19 CA 12 5
{¶15} “[T]he question of subject matter jurisdiction is so basic that it can be raised
at any stage before the trial court or any appellate court, or even collaterally in
subsequent and separate proceedings.” State v. Kohr, 5th Dist. Licking No. 2008 CA
00147, 2009-Ohio-5297, ¶ 47, citing State v. Williams (1988), 53 Ohio App.3d 1, 4, 557
N.E.2d 818.
{¶16} Under R.C. 2931.03, a common pleas court has subject-matter jurisdiction
over felony cases. Smith v. Sheldon, --- N.E.3d ---, 2019-Ohio-1677, ¶ 8 (Ohio Supreme
Court). We also note R.C. 2901.12(A), part of Ohio’s venue statute, states as follows:
“The trial of a criminal case in this state shall be held in a court having jurisdiction of the
subject matter, and, except in cases of emergency under section 1901.028, 1907.04,
2301.04, or 2501.20 of the Revised Code, in the territory of which the offense or any
element of the offense was committed.” Although subject matter jurisdiction is not subject
to waiver, the defense of improper venue may be waived. Keeley v. Stoops, 7th Dist.
Belmont No. 13 BE 23, 2014-Ohio-4161, 2014 WL 4672480, ¶¶ 10-11.
{¶17} In the case sub judice, appellant’s motion to dismiss attempted to blur the
concepts of jurisdiction and venue. His essential claim that he should have been
prosecuted in Franklin County, rather than Fairfield County, is based on venue, despite
his attempts to label it otherwise. As such, having previously appealed both his 2013
convictions and the 2015 denial of his post-conviction petitions, he cannot presently
overcome the barrier of res judicata. Even so, a review of the indictments in 12–CR–317
and 12–CR–445 reveals his crimes were alleged to have occurred in Fairfield County,
even though it was later adduced that Columbus law enforcement was involved.
Furthermore, as appellant recited in his motion, the testifying police officers and the Fairfield County, Case No. 19 CA 12 6
witnesses from the apartment complex had made clear, based on the persistency of the
foundational questions by the prosecutor, that the location at issue was a particular
address in Reynoldsburg, Fairfield County. See Motion to Dismiss Sentence and
Conviction, at 4.
{¶18} Accordingly, we hold the trial court did not err in denying appellant’s post-
conviction motion to dismiss.
{¶19} Appellant's sole Assignment of Error is therefore overruled.
{¶20} For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the Court of Common Pleas,
Fairfield County, Ohio, is hereby affirmed.
By: Wise, J.
Gwin, P. J., and
Wise, Earle, J., concur.
JWW/d 0828