State v. Nelson

442 S.E.2d 333, 114 N.C. App. 341, 1994 N.C. App. LEXIS 390
CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedApril 19, 1994
DocketNo. 9318SC515
StatusPublished

This text of 442 S.E.2d 333 (State v. Nelson) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Nelson, 442 S.E.2d 333, 114 N.C. App. 341, 1994 N.C. App. LEXIS 390 (N.C. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinions

EAGLES, Judge.

Defendant contends that'the trial court erred in 1) refusing to submit to the jury the charge of attempted second degree rape as a lesser included offense of second degree rape, 2) responding to a jury request to review evidence without all of the jurors present in the courtroom, and 3) entering judgment on first degree kidnapping. After careful review of the record and briefs, we remand to the trial court for a new trial on both charges.

I.

Defendant first contends that the trial court erred in refusing to instruct the jury on the lesser included offense of attempted rape. We agree.

The trial court must instruct the jury upon a lesser included offense when there is evidence to support it. State v. Wright, 304 N.C. 349, 351, 283 S.E.2d 502, 503 (1981). However, “when the State’s evidence is clear and positive with respect to each [346]*346element of the offense charged, and there is no evidence showing the commission of a lesser included offense,” the trial court may refuse to instruct the jury on the lesser included offense. State v. Hardy, 299 N.C. 445, 456, 263 S.E.2d 711, 718-19 (1980). Instructions on the lesser included offenses of rape are required only when there is some conflict or doubt concerning the crucial element of penetration. See State v. Wright, 304 N.C. 349, 351, 283 S.E.2d 502, 503 (1981).

Here, the victim testified that defendant “put his penis inside me, and he began to have sex with me.” Defendant, however, testified as follows:

Q. Did you ever insert your penis, or did your penis ever get into any part of her body, her vagina or anything else?
A. No, sir. I —she had my penis in her hand, and no, she never — she never got it inside her vagina.
Q. Did you ever have intercourse with her?
A. No, sir.

Defendant contends that his testimony was an unequivocal denial of penetration entitling him to an instruction on attempted rape under State v. Williams, 314 N.C. 337, 333 S.E.2d 708 (1985). We agree.

In Williams, supra, the prosecuting witness testified unequivocally that the defendant inserted “his penis . . . into my vagina.” Id. at 352, 333 S.E.2d at 718. The defendant’s written statement, however, stated that:

I [defendant] embarrassingly removed my pants to my knees, and without touching her elsewhere, struggled to penetrate without an erection. At this the girl began a muffled laugh, so I got up and dressed as Shannone was going through her purse.

Id. at 351, 333 S.E.2d at 718 (emphasis in original). The defendant in Williams contended that this portion of his written statement was essentially a denial of penetration. The Supreme Court held that the defendant’s statement was not an unequivocal denial of penetration and that “[h]ad the defendant unequivocally denied the essential element of penetration, it would have been incumbent [347]*347upon the trial judge to have placed that issue before the jury.” Id. at 353, 333 S.E.2d at 719.

Since defendant here unequivocally denied the essential element of penetration, we conclude that defendant was entitled to an instruction on attempted rape. Accordingly, we hold that defendant must be given a new trial on the charge of second degree rape.

II.

Defendant further contends that the trial court erred in responding to the jury’s written request to review evidence when the trial judge orally addressed the jury foreman without all of the jurors being present in the courtroom. We agree and conclude that defendant must also be awarded a new trial on both charges.

During deliberations, the jury sent a note to the court through the bailiff requesting to review certain pieces of evidence introduced at trial. The note read as follows: “One, photos. Two, underwear. Three, medical reports. Four, rose.” In order to determine which exhibits to send back to the jury, the trial court brought only the jury foreman back into the courtroom to clarify which exhibits the jury was referring to in the note. The other jurors remained in the jury room. The relevant parts of the conversation are as follows:

THE COURT.- — I want to just clarify one thing. Mr. Farley, [foreman] I have a note given me by the bailiff which lists four items that the jury wishes to see. One is photographs.
JUROR NO. 9: —[Foreman] Yes, sir.
THE COURT: — Two says underwear, three says medical reports, and four says rose.
Juror NO. 9: — Yes.
The COURT: — Do you — does the jury wish to see all of the photographs?
JUROR NO. 9: — I think they more meant the photographs that were laying out right in front of us just before we went in.
THE COURT: —Okay.
Mr. Cahoon and Mr. Panosh, I’m going to send back all of the photographs.
I don’t know which ones were laying out there, but I’ll let you have all of the photographs.
[348]*348When you say “underwear,” are you referring to a particular item?
JUROR NO. 9: —Ms. Shavers’ underwear
The COURT: You will be allowed to get that.
Medical reports, you’re referring to all of the medical reports, that is, both the defendant’s exhibits —and I don’t know if the State had any marked or not.
MR. PANOSH: Yes, sir.
The COURT: — All of the reports referring to medical reports, is that correct?
JUROR No. 9: — Yes. I polled the room asking individuals —
The COURT: — Don’t tell me that. Just tell me yes or no what you want. Just all the medical reports, too?
JUROR No. 9:-Yes, sir.
The COURT: — Mr. Farley, I would ask you, of course, when these items are in the jury’s possession back in the jury room, do not alter or change them in anyway. Don’t make any marks on them. Don’t do anything in that regard. You may examine them, but don’t alter or change them in anyway, please.

Defendant contends that the trial court erred in not bringing all the jurors back into the courtroom to hear the jury foreman’s request and the trial court’s response to it. We agree.

G.S. 15A-1233(a) provides that “If the jury after retiring for deliberation requests a review of certain testimony or other evidence, the jurors must be conducted to the courtroom.” In State v. Ashe, 314 N.C. 28, 331 S.E.2d 652 (1985), the jury foreman returned alone to the courtroom and asked if the jury could review certain portions of the testimony.

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Related

State v. Ashe
331 S.E.2d 652 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1985)
State v. Williams
333 S.E.2d 708 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1985)
State v. Hardy
263 S.E.2d 711 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1980)
State v. Wright
283 S.E.2d 502 (Supreme Court of North Carolina, 1981)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
442 S.E.2d 333, 114 N.C. App. 341, 1994 N.C. App. LEXIS 390, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-nelson-ncctapp-1994.