State v. Morgan

454 So. 2d 364
Louisiana Court of Appeal·Decided July 31, 1984·No. KA 1548·Published·Cited by 13 cases

Opinion

454 So.2d 364 (1984)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Malcolm Otis MORGAN.

No. KA 1548.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fourth Circuit.

July 31, 1984.

*366 William J. Guste, Jr., Atty. Gen., Barbara Rutledge, Asst. Atty. Gen., Crim. Div., Harry F. Connick, Dist. Atty., Joanne C. Marier, Asst. Dist. Atty., New Orleans, for plaintiff-appellee.

John M. Lawrence, Orleans Indigent Defender Program, New Orleans, for defendant-appellant.

Before GARRISON, KLEES and WARD, JJ.

GARRISON, Judge.

The defendant, Malcolm Morgan, was charged by grand jury indictment with first degree murder in violation of La.R.S. 14:30. A twelve member jury found the defendant guilty as charged. The sentencing hearing was declared a mistrial by the judge due to the inability of the jury to agree upon a verdict. The judge later sentenced the defendant to life imprisonment without benefit of parole, probation or suspension of sentence. Defendant appeals his conviction and sentence.

The facts of this case are as follows: On June 9, 1981 at approximately 9:30 p.m., Andrew Manuel was fatally shot in the head in a stairwell on Thayer Street in the Fisher Housing Project in New Orleans. Manuel was found by the police lying face up in the stairwell and all of the pockets on his clothing had been turned inside out. No money or other property was found on the victim.

At trial, Viola Mitchell, Manuel's common-law wife, testified that she saw Manuel get out of his car at approximately 8:30 p.m. on the evening of June 9, 1981. He called to Mitchell from his car and as she walked out of her apartment and into the stairwell, she saw Morgan at the bottom of the stairs dressed in what appeared to be either a green Army fatigue outfit or a green raincoat. He was also wearing a wig on his head. This unusual appearance frightened Mitchell and prompted her to run back into her apartment. Several minutes later, she heard a shot. When she went outside shortly thereafter, she saw Manuel lying on the steps with a gunshot wound to his head. Mitchell also testified that shortly before she saw the defendant in the stairwell, she had seen Irving Johnson approach the same stairwell. Mitchell did not give the defendant's name to police investigators on the evening of the shooting.

Irving Johnson testified at trial that he was with Morgan on the evening of June 9, 1981 in the Fisher Housing Project.[1] According to Johnson, the defendant sent him to Viola Mitchell's apartment to find out if anyone was at home. When Johnson returned, the defendant was restraining Manuel with his arm and was pointing a gun to Manuel's head. Johnson heard the defendant telling Manuel to surrender his money or he would be killed. Because Manuel refused to give his money to the defendant, the defendant instructed Johnson to go through Manuel's pockets and to take everything. Johnson complied while the defendant continued to restrain Manuel. Johnson testified that after this robbery, he saw the defendant shoot Manuel. Both Johnson and the defendant then fled from the scene. According to Johnson, the defendant was wearing a green raincoat and mask at the time of the shooting. Johnson admitted on cross-examination that he had lied under oath at a previous court proceeding *367 at which he stated that he was not at the scene of the shooting and the robbery. However, he claimed that he did so because he was frightened at the time.

An eyewitness to the entire incident, Willie Stewart, testified at trial that he saw the defendant shoot Andrew Manuel on June 9, 1981. Stewart said that Irving Johnson was with the defendant and that the defendant was restraining Manuel with his arm. He also stated that the defendant had a gun pointed to Manuel's head while Johnson searched through Manuel's pockets. Although Stewart actually saw the defendant shoot Manuel, he testified that he did not come forward at the scene for fear that he would be killed because he was an eyewitness to this crime. Prior to trial, Stewart picked the defendant out of a photographic lineup conducted by Detective Marvin Cook of the New Orleans Police Department. He also identified the defendant at trial as the man that he saw shoot Andrew Manuel.

Another witness for the State was Calvin Lewis who testified that on June 7, 1981, two days prior to the Manuel homicide, he and the defendant were walking through a schoolyard and found a gun. Lewis took the gun home with him. On June 9, the defendant came to Lewis' home and got the gun. According to Lewis, the defendant returned shortly after midnight and told Lewis that he had shot someone with the gun. Morgan ran away from the Lewis home after being threatened by Lewis. Lewis then discarded the gun in a nearby garbage can.

As an alibi, the defense presented witnesses (the defendant's mother and sister) who claimed that the defendant was on their front porch at the time of the shooting. Calvin Williams testified that he picked up the defendant at 11 p.m. on June 9th and that they went to Williams' home where the defendant remained until the next morning. The defense also presented testimony by Allen Simmons who claimed that two days after the shooting, he heard Willie Stewart state that he did not know who shot Andrew Manuel.

A review of the record for errors patent reveals that the trial court failed to comply with C.Cr.P. 873 which states:

If a defendant is convicted of a felony, at least three days shall elapse between conviction and sentence. If a motion for a new trial, or in arrest of judgment, is filed, sentence shall not be imposed until at least twenty-four hours after the motion is overruled. If the defendant expressly waives a delay provided for in this article or pleads guilty, sentence may be imposed immediately.

In this case, the defendant was sentenced on the same day that his motion for new trial was denied. However, the Louisiana Supreme Court in State v. Brogdon, 426 So.2d 158 (La.1983), held that failure to comply with the twenty-four hour delay is harmless error in the absence of a showing of actual prejudice to the defendant. Because there was no showing of prejudice in this case, this was harmless error.

On appeal, the defendant alleges twelve assignments of error.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR # 1

The defense contends that the trial court erred in denying defendant's motion to compel discovery of a State witness' juvenile file, rap sheet, statements to counsellors and psychiatric reports. This particular State witness was Irving Johnson, a juvenile who was a co-participant in this robbery/murder and who is now serving a sentence at the Louisiana Training Institute until his twenty-first birthday. Alternatively, the defense contends that the failure of the trial judge to make an in camera inspection of these documents was reversible error.

The defendant claims that the denial of this motion violated his constitutionally guaranteed right to confrontation by way of effective cross-examination. The defense cites the recent case of State v. Smith, 437 So.2d 802 (La.1983) which states:

"When a defendant moves for production of the juvenile records of a witness the trial court is called upon to determine *368 whether the impeachment value of these adjudications is outweighed by the state's interest in maintaining the confidentiality of juvenile records." Davis v. Alaska, 415 U.S. 308, 319, 94 S.Ct. 1105, 1112, 39 L.Ed.2d 347 (1974); State v. Toledano, 391 So.2d 817, 820 (La.1980).

In the Smith

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