State v. Mims

806 So. 2d 760, 2001 WL 1650923
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedDecember 26, 2001
Docket00-KA-1507
StatusPublished
Cited by20 cases

This text of 806 So. 2d 760 (State v. Mims) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Mims, 806 So. 2d 760, 2001 WL 1650923 (La. Ct. App. 2001).

Opinion

806 So.2d 760 (2001)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Donnie L. MIMS & Aaron A. Trim.

No. 00-KA-1507.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fifth Circuit.

December 26, 2001.

*763 Paul D. Connick, Jr., District Attorney, Churita H. Hansell, Assistant D.A., Terry M. Boudreaux, Assistant D.A., Quentin P. Kelly, Assistant D.A., Gretna, LA, for Plaintiff-Appellee.

Frederick Kroenke, Baton Rouge, LA, for Defendant-Appellant.

Panel composed of Judges EDWARD A. DUFRESNE, Jr., JAMES L. CANNELLA and SUSAN M. CHEHARDY.

DUFRESNE, Chief Judge.

The Jefferson Parish District Attorney filed a bill of information charging defendants, Donnie Mims and Aaron Trim, with theft of goods valued over $500 in violation of LSA-R.S. 14:67.10. Defendants proceeded to trial and were found guilty as charged by a unanimous six person jury. The trial judge sentenced both defendants to five years at hard labor.

The state then filed a multiple offender bill of information against each defendant alleging them to be fourth felony offenders. Both defendants denied the allegations in the multiple bill and proceeded to separate hearings, after which each defendant was found to be a multiple offender. The trial court vacated defendants' original sentences and sentenced each defendant to twenty years under LSA-R.S. 15:529.1. Defendants now appeal.

FACTS

At approximately 7:00 p.m. on December 23, 1999, Deputy Joseph Ortego and Deputy Keith Young were working security detail at Dillard's in Lakeside Mall. While monitoring the surveillance camera equipment in the store security office, they observed defendants acting suspiciously in the Tommy Hilfiger department of the store. Upon closer camera inspection, Mims was observed removing shirts from the racks and placing them in a brown bag that had been carried by Trim. Deputy Young left the security office and went out to the floor. Deputy Ortego then saw Trim pick up the bag and start walking towards the mall exit. Defendants passed up a cash register while walking towards the mall exit and made no attempt to pay.

Via radio, Deputy Ortego instructed other deputies, who were on the floor, to stop defendants. He then left the security office to assist in the stop. Deputies Young and Davis, who had not previously been in the security room, approached defendants when they were approximately five feet from the store exit. At the approach of the security guards, Trim dropped the bag which was immediately recovered by the store manager. The bag revealed twelve shirts valued at $764.00. Defendants were detained and escorted to the security office where they were subsequently arrested.

DENIAL OF MOTION FOR MISTRIAL

In this first assigned error, defendants argue that the trial court erred in denying the motion for mistrial based on comments made by the prosecutor during closing arguments.

During defendant Mims' closing argument, defense counsel argued that the state did not prove the value of the individual shirts, an essential element of the charge of theft. In rebuttal, the state responded:

*764 Okay, the evidence was the testimony that you heard from the stand. And what did you hear, uncontradicted evidence from the two deputies, you saw the photograph, you saw the shirts. What's the value of the shirts, $764.00. Mr. Fleming said why didn't we say how much each shirt cost, cause we don't have to, it's not our burden. Our burden is to prove the value of the shirts, $764.00. Both deputies, I calculated it, I wrote it out, I put it in my report, uncontradicted evidence beyond any doubt whatsoever those shirts were worth over $500.00.

(Emphasis added).

Defense counsel immediately objected by arguing the prosecutor's remarks were a misstatement of the law since the burden is on the state and not the defendant. At the conclusion of the prosecutor's rebuttal closing argument, defense counsel moved for a mistrial on several grounds including the state's remarks commented on the defendant's failure to testify. The trial court denied the motion for a mistrial. Defendants now challenge that denial asserting that the prosecutor's references to uncontradicted evidence constitute indirect comments on defendants' failure to testify in violation of LSA-C.Cr.P. art. 770(3).

A mistrial shall be declared when the prosecutor refers directly or indirectly to the defendant's failure to testify in his own defense. LSA-C.Cr.P. art. 770(3). The prohibition against such prosecutorial comment safeguards defendant's Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination. When the prosecutor makes a direct reference to the defendant's failure to take the stand, a mistrial should be declared regardless of whether the prosecutor intended for the jury to draw unfavorable inferences from defendant's silence. However, when the prosecutor makes an indirect reference to the defendant's failure to testify, the court must inquire into the remark's "intended effect upon the jury in order to distinguish indirect references to the defendant's failure to testify (which are impermissible) from general statements that the prosecution's case is unrebutted (which are permissible)." State v. Johnson, 541 So.2d 818, 822 (La.1989). In order to support the granting of a mistrial, the inference must be plain that the remark was intended to focus the jury's attention on the defendant's failure to testify. State v. Mitchell, 00-1399 (La.2/21/01), 779 So.2d 698, 701.

Indirect references which are intended to focus on a defendant's failure to testify are those cases where the defendant is the only witness who can rebut the state's evidence. Indirect references which are not intended to focus on a defendant's failure to testify are those cases where the prosecutor emphasizes that the state's evidence is unrebutted in a situation where there are witnesses other than the defendant who could testify on behalf of the defense but have not. State v. Mitchell, supra.

In the present case, the prosecutor's remark responded to a comment made by defense counsel in his closing argument about the individual value of the shirts. While it is questionable whether defendants could have testified regarding the value of each shirt they stole, there were certainly other witnesses who could have so testified. The prosecutor was merely emphasizing the strength of his case by stating the uncontradicted evidence showed the shirts were valued at $764.00. Such a remark is permissible as it does not appear the remark was intended to focus the jury's attention on the defendants' failure to testify. Accordingly, we find no merit to this assigned error.

*765 EXCESSIVENESS OF SENTENCE

In this assignment, defendants argue that their enhanced twenty year sentences are constitutionally excessive based on the fact their underlying conviction and all their prior convictions are non-violent. They maintain the act of stealing clothes does not warrant a twenty year sentence.

It is first noted that while defendant Trim filed a motion to reconsider sentence, defendant Mims did not. However, the failure to file such a motion does not preclude a review of his sentence for constitutional excessiveness. State v. Hester, 99-426 (La.App. 5 Cir. 9/28/99), 746 So.2d 95, writ denied, 99-3217 (La.4/20/00), 760 So.2d 342.

Defendants, both age 38 at the time, were each sentenced to twenty years as fourth felony offenders. Defendant Trim's three predicate convictions were a felon in possession of a firearm and two offenses of theft between $100 and $500.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

State v. Phillips
130 So. 3d 416 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2013)
State v. Horne
88 So. 3d 562 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2012)
State v. Suggs
70 So. 3d 60 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2011)
State v. Stewart
65 So. 3d 771 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2011)
State v. Shannon
61 So. 3d 706 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2011)
State v. Hyman
62 So. 3d 146 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2011)
State v. Lanieux
42 So. 3d 979 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2010)
State v. Lane
38 So. 3d 413 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2010)
State v. Jones
985 So. 2d 234 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2008)
State v. Brown
968 So. 2d 766 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2007)
State v. Theriot
963 So. 2d 1012 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2007)
State v. Chisley
957 So. 2d 226 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2007)
State v. Anderson
945 So. 2d 768 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2006)
State v. Fleming
902 So. 2d 451 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2005)
State v. Muhammad
880 So. 2d 29 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2004)
State v. Lyles
858 So. 2d 35 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2003)
State v. Williams
839 So. 2d 348 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2003)
State v. Conner
833 So. 2d 396 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2002)
State v. Robinson
831 So. 2d 460 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 2002)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
806 So. 2d 760, 2001 WL 1650923, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-mims-lactapp-2001.