State v. Melancon

536 So. 2d 430, 1988 WL 94922
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJanuary 12, 1989
DocketKA 6696
StatusPublished
Cited by28 cases

This text of 536 So. 2d 430 (State v. Melancon) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Melancon, 536 So. 2d 430, 1988 WL 94922 (La. Ct. App. 1989).

Opinion

536 So.2d 430 (1988)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Reginald K. MELANCON.

No. KA 6696.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fourth Circuit.

September 16, 1988.
On Rehearing January 12, 1989.

Harry F. Connick, Dist. Atty., Jack Peebles, Asst. Dist. Atty., New Orleans, for plaintiff.

Dwight Doskey, Orleans Indigent Defender Program, New Orleans, for defendant.

Before GULOTTA, C.J., and WILLIAMS and ARMSTRONG, JJ.

ARMSTRONG, Judge.

Defendant, Reginald K. Melancon, was charged with two unconnected counts of armed robbery, a violation of La.R.S. 14:64. After a trial a twelve member jury found the defendant guilty as charged on the first count but was unable to reach a verdict as to the second count. He was subsequently sentenced as a second offender under La.R. S. 15:529.1 to serve thirty-three years at hard labor without benefit of parole, probation, suspension of sentence, or good time. On appeal defendant raises three assignment of error.

The record reflects that shortly after noon on March 13, 1986, Michael Wells was visiting an insurance client in the Melpomene Project. When he left his client's apartment, he was confronted on a project landing by a man who robbed him at gunpoint of approximately $800.00. In his description of the assailant given to the police, Wells noted that the man was clean-shaven. Although Wells was unable to make an identification of his assailant through a photographic lineup conducted approximately a month after the robbery, *431 he positively identified the robber as the defendant Reginald Melancon at a physical lineup conducted some two months after the robbery. Several defense witnesses testified that Melancon had a mustache at the time of the robbery and had had a mustache for many years prior to that time.[1]

A review of the record reveals that there are no errors patent.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 1

By this assignment defendant contends that the trial court erred in denying his motion to suppress the identification. He argues that the physical lineup from which he was identified was composed of men so unlike him as to render the victim's identification of him unreliable. More specifically, defendant claims that he was the only clean-shaven individual in the six-man lineup. The others all had facial hair—at least moustaches.

This same issue was previously raised in a writ application to this court in K-5956. This court denied defendant's writ, finding no error in the trial court's denial of defendant's motion to suppress. In State v. Batiste, 482 So.2d 122 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1986), this court refused to review on appeal its prior reversal on a writ application of the trial court's granting of defendant's motion to suppress physical evidence. The court stated, "In the present case, this court has already ruled on the motion to suppress when it reversed the trial court's granting of the motion." Similarly, in the case at bar, this court has already ruled on and rejected defendant's claim that the trial court's denial of his motion to suppress the identification was error. In his writ application defendant had the opportunity to fully brief and present his arguments on this issue. We will not entertain defendant's identical claims a second time and consider this issue moot.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 2

By this assignment defendant contends that the trial court erred by finding him to be a second offender, thereby forcing itself to impose an excessive sentence. As a second offender, defendant was sentenced to serve thirty-three years at hard labor without benefit of parole, probation, suspension of sentence or good time,[2] the minimum sentence he could have received as a second offender for an armed robbery conviction. Specifically, he argues that his prior conviction for unauthorized use of a movable, although a felony, should not have been used as a predicate offense because by doing so, it mandated that the trial court impose an unconstitutionally excessive sentence, one "that shocks the [sense] of justice, and is nothing more than the purposeless and needless imposition of pain and suffering."

In essence, it appears that the defendant is arguing that he should not have been multiple billed in this case because the imposition of even the minimum sentence he could receive as a second offender is excessive with respect to the crime of which he was convicted, armed robbery. In Solem v. Helm, 463 U.S. 277, 103 S.Ct. 3001, 77 L.Ed.2d 637 (1983), the defendant was convicted of uttering a bad check and was sentenced to life imprisonment as a multiple offender without benefit of parole. Like his latest conviction, his prior convictions all involved nonviolent crimes. The Court found that his life sentence, although within the statutory guidelines of South Dakota law, violated his Eighth Amendment right against excessive punishment. Noting that a defendant's sentence should be proportionate to the crime, the Court set forth criteria for reviewing a sentence: "(i) the gravity of the offense and the harshness of the penalty; (ii) the sentences imposed on other criminals in the same jurisdiction; and (iii) the sentences imposed for commission of the same crime in other jurisdictions." Solem at 292, 103 S.Ct. at 3011. See also State v. Lathers, 444 So.2d 96 (La.1983).

*432 In State ex rel. Walgamotte v. Blackburn, 481 So.2d 1322 (La.1986), the defendant was sentenced as a fourth offender to life imprisonment for possessing stolen things. His prior convictions were for other nonviolent crimes. The Court vacated his life sentence, finding that the sentence was unconstitutionally excessive.[3]

Here, defendant was given the minimum sentence he could have received as a second offender convicted of armed robbery, thirty-three years. Although defendant's prior conviction was for a nonviolent crime (unauthorized use of a movable), his present conviction is for a violent crime, armed robbery committed with a gun, unlike the convictions in Solem (uttering a bad check) and Walgamotte (possession of stolen things).

In addition, it does not appear that the defendant's sentence is one which "shocks the sense of justice" for the type of crime he is convicted of committing. In State v. Shelton, 490 So.2d 515 (La.App. 4th Cir. 1986), the defendant robbed his victim at gunpoint but did not physically harm the victim. His fifty-year sentence as a multiple offender was found to be not excessive. In State v. Mitchell, 480 So.2d 388 (La.App. 4th Cir.1985), the defendant threatened the victim with a knife before robbing him. His fifty-year sentence was upheld. In State v. Joseph, 437 So.2d 280 (La.1983), the defendant robbed a convenience store and then slammed into a police car while trying to escape. Noting that the defendant could have received a life sentence as a fourth offender, the Supreme Court upheld his fifty-year sentence.

Thus, it does not appear that the act of multiple billing the defendant in this case rendered his sentence, the minimum one he could have received, excessive, especially in light of the violent nature of the crime with which he was convicted. This assignment is without merit.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NO. 3

By this assignment defendant contends that the trial court erred by ordering that his sentence be served without benefit of good time. He argues that because his case does not fall within the provisions of R.S.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
536 So. 2d 430, 1988 WL 94922, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-melancon-lactapp-1989.