State v. Marion, No. Cr 11-99-106081 (Jan. 10, 2000)

2000 Conn. Super. Ct. 394
CourtConnecticut Superior Court
DecidedJanuary 10, 2000
DocketNo. CR 11-99-106081
StatusUnpublished

This text of 2000 Conn. Super. Ct. 394 (State v. Marion, No. Cr 11-99-106081 (Jan. 10, 2000)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Connecticut Superior Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Marion, No. Cr 11-99-106081 (Jan. 10, 2000), 2000 Conn. Super. Ct. 394 (Colo. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

[EDITOR'S NOTE: This case is unpublished as indicated by the issuing court.]

MEMORANDUM OF DECISION RE: MOTION TO DISQUALIFY THE OFFICE OF THE STATE'S ATTORNEY FOR THE WINDHAM JUDICIAL DISTRICT
The defendant in this case has filed a motion to disqualify the Windham State's Attorneys' office. The defendant claims that the actions of the State's Attorney Mark Solak and Assistant State's Attorney Debra Collins require the removal of the entire Windham State's Attorneys' office from continuing with this prosecution.

ISSUE
Whether the Office of the State's Attorney for the judicial district of Windham should be disqualified from further prosecution of this case.

DISCUSSION
"The trial court has the authority to regulate the conduct of attorneys and has a duty to enforce the standards of conduct regarding attorneys. . . . Since October, 1986, the conduct of attorneys has been regulated also by the Rules of Professional Conduct, which were approved by the judges of the Superior Court and which superseded the Code of Professional Responsibility. . . . The trial court has broad discretion to determine whether there exists a conflict of interest that would warrant disqualification of an attorney." (Citations omitted.)Bergeron v. Mackler, 225 Conn. 391, 397, 623 A.2d 489 (1993). CT Page 395 "The court may disqualify an attorney if the attorney has violated the Rules of Professional Conduct." Skirkanich v.Waterbury Hospital, Superior Court, judicial district of Waterbury, Docket No. 100686 (November 15, 1993, Sylvester, J.).

"The disqualification of a party's chosen counsel is a harsh sanction, and an extraordinary remedy which should be resorted to sparingly." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Martini v.Shelter Rock Realty, Superior Court, judicial district of Waterbury, Docket No. 113425 (January 19, 1996, Pellegrino, J.). "The party moving for disqualification bears the burden of proving facts which indicate that disqualification is necessary." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Temkin v. Temkin, Superior Court, judicial district of Litchfield, Docket No. 57629 (September 28, 1993, Pickett, J.).

Canon 9 under the former Code of Professional Responsibility provided that "A Lawyer Should Avoid Even the Appearance of Professional Impropriety." Practice Book, 1978. The Supreme Court has concluded, however, that "the Rules of Professional Conduct do not expressly state that a lawyer should avoid the appearance of impropriety." Bergeron v. Mackler, supra. "Although considering the appearance of impropriety may be part of the inherent power of the court to regulate the conduct of attorneys, it will not stand alone to disqualify an attorney in the absence of any indication that the attorney's representation risks violating the Rules of Professional Conduct." Emphasis added.Bergeron v. Mackler, supra.

Even when Canon 9 was applicable, the Court rejected the notion that an appearance of impropriety, without more, was enough to disqualify an attorney. State v. Jones, 180 Conn. 443, 452-53,429 A.2d 936 (1980), overruled in part on other grounds, State v.Powell, 186 Conn. 547, 442, A.2d 939 (1982), cert. denied sub nom. Moeller v. Connecticut, 459 U.S. 838, 103 S.Ct. 85,74 L.Ed.2d 80 (1982); State v. Bunkley, supra, 202 Conn. 653-54. InState v. Jones, supra, 180 Conn. 452-53, the court relied on the second circuit's conclusion that "when there is no claim that the trial will be tainted, the appearance of impropriety is simply too slender a reed on which to rest a disqualification order except in the rarest cases." Board of Education of New York Cityv. Nyquist, 590 F.2d 1241, 1247 (2d Cir. 1979).

The Superior Court has consistently concluded that "the appearance of impropriety standing alone is not sufficient CT Page 396 grounds for the disqualification of an attorney where there is no claim that the representation involves a violation of the Rules of Professional Conduct." Palumbo v. Probate Court, Superior Court, judicial district of Waterbury, Docket No. 120614 (November 17, 1997, Vertefeuille, J.); accord Fallacaro v.Fallacaro, Superior Court, judicial district of Hartford, Docket No. 719606 (April 8, 1999, Bishop, J.).

Since an attorney cannot be disqualified on the sole basis of an appearance of impropriety, an alternative is to build a "Chinese Wall" around the attorney. A "Chinese Wall" is a screening procedure in which an impregnable system of protection is established to segregate an attorney from all of the information and material involved in a particular case. Wellnerv. Carroll, Superior Court, judicial district of Fairfield, Docket No. 27339 (January 6, 1995, Tierney, J.). Examples of "Chinese Wall" procedures that isolate an attorney from a particular case are: 1) Not permitting said attorney within the vicinity of the files while others are working on them; 2) Keeping the files locked and inaccessible to the attorney; 3) If one exists, the supervisor of the attorney will be bound by the above rules and procedures; 4) The attorney signs an affidavit and agreement that he/she will have no contact with the file nor discuss the file with anyone; and 5) The attorney(s) handling the file will have no direct contact with said attorney. Wellner v.Carroll, supra, Superior Court, Docket No. 27339.

In this case, however, as discussed below, a "Chinese Wall" will not be effective to guard against future problems, based upon the history of this case. Whatever safeguards, if any, to insulate the investigations in this case from Attorney Collins have failed, miserably.

This Court is aware that the disqualification of a State's Attorney, Assistant State's Attorney and/or an entire State's Attorney's office is a harsh sanction, which should not be taken lightly.

The judiciary is however, ultimately responsible for the enforcement of court rules and must use its inherent power over the administration of justice to prevent action that undermines the integrity of the system. Massameno v. Statewide GrievanceCommittee, 234 Conn. 539 at 567 (1995). Because the functions of a prosecutor clearly are an integral part of the judicial process, and because the judicial branch has an overlapping CT Page 397 interest in the administration of justice, the judicial branch must be able to exercise its own power of supervision over the judicial process and the attorneys who must be accountable to the court. Id. "The standards that [are] set under this supervisory authority are not satisfied by observance of those minimal historic safeguards for securing trial by reason which are summarized as due process of law . . .

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Related

United States v. Frank G. Prantil
764 F.2d 548 (Ninth Circuit, 1985)
State v. Powell
442 A.2d 939 (Supreme Court of Connecticut, 1982)
State v. Jones
429 A.2d 936 (Supreme Court of Connecticut, 1980)
State v. Bunkley
522 A.2d 795 (Supreme Court of Connecticut, 1987)
Bergeron v. Mackler
623 A.2d 489 (Supreme Court of Connecticut, 1993)
Ullmann v. State
647 A.2d 324 (Supreme Court of Connecticut, 1994)
Massameno v. Statewide Grievance Committee
663 A.2d 317 (Supreme Court of Connecticut, 1995)
State v. Pouncey
699 A.2d 901 (Supreme Court of Connecticut, 1997)
State v. Thompson
567 A.2d 837 (Connecticut Appellate Court, 1989)
Moeller v. Connecticut
459 U.S. 838 (Supreme Court, 1982)

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Bluebook (online)
2000 Conn. Super. Ct. 394, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-marion-no-cr-11-99-106081-jan-10-2000-connsuperct-2000.