State v. Manard

675 S.W.2d 426, 1984 Mo. App. LEXIS 4726
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedJuly 17, 1984
DocketNo. 13512
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 675 S.W.2d 426 (State v. Manard) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Manard, 675 S.W.2d 426, 1984 Mo. App. LEXIS 4726 (Mo. Ct. App. 1984).

Opinions

MAUS, Presiding Judge.

Appellant Paige Tedford Manard and Raymond John Dieckmeyer were jointly charged with the sale of cocaine in violation of § 195.020. The charges were later severed. The appellant waived his right to a trial by jury. By agreement, the state submitted the charge against the appellant upon the written report of a police officer and a laboratory report. The defendant offered no evidence. Without prematurely foreclosing the appellant’s second point, the court found him guilty and sentenced him to imprisonment for 10 years. He presents two points on appeal.

The written evidence establishes that on February 27, 1982, the appellant sold 115 grams of cocaine to an undercover police officer. A police informant participated in arrangements for the sale. The appellant received $9200 for the cocaine. The report received in evidence was prepared by the police officer who purchased the cocaine.

The appellant’s first point is that he was denied a speedy trial in contravention of the Sixth Amendment. A complaint alleging the commission of the offense was filed on April 16, 1982. A warrant was issued. However, the return upon the warrant was not completed. The docket sheet contains an entry that the warrant was recalled at the request of the appellant’s attorney. The appellant was never in jail. The docket sheet recites that on May 20, 1982, the appellant appeared in person and with his attorney. His preliminary hearing was set for June 9, 1982. He was released upon bond.

The appellant’s application for a change of judge was sustained and the preliminary hearing reset for June 17, 1982. On that date the preliminary hearing was continued at the request of the state. The docket sheet bears a notation the attorneys were to work out a new date and contact the court. On June 24, 1982, the preliminary hearing was set for July 16, 1982. On the latter date, by agreement, the preliminary hearing was continued to September 30, 1982. On September 30, 1982, the state sought a continuance because of the absence of a witness. The continuance was denied and the court dismissed the complaint.

On that date, a new complaint was filed. On November 23, 1982, the defendants appeared with counsel and were released upon their own recognizance. A preliminary hearing was held on January 13,1983. The defendants were bound over to the circuit court. An information was filed on January 14, 1983. Motions and requests were thereafter filed and heard. These included Dieckmeyer’s motion to sever which was sustained on January 21, 1983. At a docket call on May 2, 1983, appellant’s case was set for trial May 10, 1983. For a reason not disclosed by the record, it was not tried on that day. At a docket call on May 27, 1983, it was set for trial the week of June 6, 1983. On June 13, 1983, the appellant waived a jury trial and the case was set for trial before the court on July 5, 1983. After a delay resulting from appellant’s application for change of judge, the case was heard on July 8, 1983.

The appellant contends the period to be considered commenced on February 27, 1982. It is clear it did not commence upon the commission of the offense. State v. Bolin, 643 S.W.2d 806 (Mo. banc 1983). Nor did it commence upon the filing of a complaint in the associate division of the circuit court. State v. York, 511 S.W.2d 758 (Mo.1974); State v. Black, 587 S.W.2d 865 (Mo.App.1979). The appellant fastens upon that date because he was initially [429]*429arrested immediately after the sale. It has been said the period commences upon the filing of the indictment or information or arrest, whichever occurs first. State v. Holmes, 643 S.W.2d 282 (Mo.App.1982). However, the cases delineating arrest as a factor to commence the period have referred to “the actual restraint imposed by arrest and holding to answer a criminal charge_” United States v. Marion, 404 U.S. 307, 320, 92 S.Ct. 455, 463, 30 L.Ed.2d 468, 479 (1971) (emphasis added). Also see Dillingham v. United States, 423 U.S. 64, 96 S.Ct. 303, 46 L.Ed.2d 205 (1975); United States v. Carlson, 697 F.2d 231 (8th Cir.1983); State v. Bolin, supra. In this case, the appellant was never in jail. He did not enter his appearance in the associate division of the circuit court until May 20, 1982. Until that time, he was not within the jurisdiction of the court. That entry of appearance was the equivalent of an arrest and holding to answer to a criminal charge. The same conclusion is reached by viewing his release after the initial arrest as analogous to the dismissal of a charge. United States v. Boles, 684 F.2d 534 (8th Cir.1982). The same result has been reached under the Federal Speedy Trial Act. United States v. Solomon, 679 F.2d 1246 (8th Cir. 1982). The pertinent time period did not commence until May 20, 1982.

Further, it is appellant’s position the time to be considered was not interrupted by the dismissal of the first complaint. There is no indication or contention of bad faith on the part of the state in connection with that dismissal. It has been squarely held that the speedy trial guarantee of the Sixth Amendment is not applicable after that dismissal. United States v. MacDonald, 456 U.S. 1, 102 S.Ct. 1497, 71 L.Ed.2d 696 (1982); United States v. Boles, supra. It is appropriate to observe the appellant, after the dismissal, was not subject to the jurisdiction of the court until he again entered his appearance on November 23, 1982. The same result has been reached by considering the intervening period, but holding that it could not be charged to the state. State v. Black, supra. In regard to the 180-day statute, compare State v. Mask, 655 S.W.2d 832 (Mo.App.1983). In regard to the Federal Speedy Trial Act, compare United States v. Dennis, 625 F.2d 782 (8th Cir.1980). When these two intervals are eliminated, the period to be considered is approximately 12 months.

The Sixth Amendment does not define a speedy trial in specific numerical terms. The circumstances that govern when a defendant should be, even can be, brought to trial are many and varied.

The standard to be applied in determining whether or not a defendant has been denied a speedy trial within the meaning of the Sixth Amendment ‘is a balancing test, in which the conduct of both the prosecution and the defendant are weighed’.... This weighing process is to be employed on a case by case basis with consideration of all the factors involved. Four of those factors have been identified as ‘[ljength of delay, the reason for the delay, the defendant’s assertion of his right, and prejudice to the defendant’. State v. Powers,

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Related

Manard v. State
731 S.W.2d 58 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1987)
State ex rel. Wickline v. Casteel
729 S.W.2d 56 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1987)
State v. McNeal
699 S.W.2d 457 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1985)

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Bluebook (online)
675 S.W.2d 426, 1984 Mo. App. LEXIS 4726, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-manard-moctapp-1984.