State v. LeCouffe

872 A.2d 773, 152 N.H. 148, 2005 N.H. LEXIS 56
CourtSupreme Court of New Hampshire
DecidedApril 22, 2005
DocketNo. 2004-526
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 872 A.2d 773 (State v. LeCouffe) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of New Hampshire primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. LeCouffe, 872 A.2d 773, 152 N.H. 148, 2005 N.H. LEXIS 56 (N.H. 2005).

Opinion

Dalianis, J.

The defendant, Joseph LeCouffe, appeals an order of the Superior Court (Burling, J.) denying his motion to modify his sentence. We vacate and remand.

The defendant was convicted of burglary, see RSA 635:1 (1996), and aggravated felonious sexual assault, see RSA 632-A:2, I (1986) (amended 1992, 1995) on April 15, 1992. He is currently serving two consecutive seven and one-half to fifteen year sentences in New Hampshire State Prison.

In response to the defendant’s June 6, 2002 motion for reduction of sentence, the Superior Court (Smith, J.) held: “Provisions of RSA 651 are waived. May reapply after completion of prison sex offender program.” The defendant moved for reconsideration on the grounds that he had already completed the prison sex offender program. In its October 22, 2002 order on the motion to reconsider, the court indicated it had “misstated a requirement placed on defendant to achieve probation.” The court stated:

[The order] should have required [the defendant] to attend and complete Summit House.
The Court correctly waived the provisions of RSA 651 to allow [the defendant] to come back before me immediately upon completing Summit House.
The defendant must complete Summit House prior to petitioning this Court again for release.

The defendant was not allowed to enter the Summit House program, which was a substance abuse program, until he was within two years of his minimum parole date, March 23, 2007. Summit House, however, was terminated on June 1, 2003. Thereafter, the department of corrections created a new program, the Substance Abuse Services (SAS) program. The department of corrections indicated, in a notice issued to prisoners, that the SAS program would replace the Summit House program.

[150]*150On February 29, 2004, the defendant once again moved to modify his sentence. He alleged that he had completed the SAS program, which he contended should be treated as the equivalent of completing Summit House under the October 22, 2002 order. Following a hearing, the Trial Court {Burling, J.) ruled as follows:

At the Defendant’s request, this Court (Smith, J.) on October 22, 2002 ordered that the Defendant attend and complete the Summit House program. In that Order, the Court waived the provisions of RSA 651 to allow the Defendant to come back before the Court immediately upon completing Summit House. “The Defendant must complete Summit House prior to petitioning this Court again for release.”
The Court notes that it is uncontroverted that the Level 2 Substance Abuse Services program now offered at the New Hampshire State Prison is an educational program and not a treatment program, and therefore, it is not equivalent to the Summit House program. Since the Defendant has not received a treatment program, this Court declines to suspend his sentence, after finding that he has neither attended [the] Summit House program nor attended an equivalent program.
Accordingly the Defendant’s Motion to Suspend all or a portion of his sentence is DENIED.

The court also denied the defendant’s motion for reconsideration and supplemental motion for reconsideration.

The defendant makes three arguments on appeal. First, he argues that the court has placed an additional condition upon him before it will consider a request for modification or suspension of his sentence; namely, a condition that he complete a treatment program similar to the Summit House program. This additional condition, the defendant argues, violates due process and equal protection. Second, he argues that the court erred in not accepting his completion of the SAS program as fulfillment of the condition. Finally, he argues that the requirement that he complete a program which no longer exists in order to be eligible for parole, probation or a reduction of his sentence, violates equal protection and due process.

The State makes several arguments in response. First, the State argues that these issues were not preserved for appeal, as they were not timely raised below; second, that the October 22, 2002 order did not unconstitutionally augment the defendant’s sentence; third, that the trial [151]*151court did not err by denying the defendant’s motion to modify his sentence, because the defendant has no constitutional right to a modification of his sentence, and because the trial court has broad discretion in determining whether to modify a sentence; and fourth, that the trial court’s order denying the defendant’s motion to modify his sentence did not create an unconstitutional insurmountable barrier.

We first address the State’s argument that these issues were not properly preserved for appeal. The State argues that if the treatment program condition imposed by the October 22, 2002 order unconstitutionally augmented the defendant’s sentence, or was otherwise an unsustainable exercise of discretion, he should have objected to it on these grounds earlier. This argument misconstrues the procedural history of this case.

Initially, the recommendation that he complete the Summit House program was a boon to the defendant. RSA 651:20, at the time, allowed a state prisoner to petition the court to suspend his sentence every two years. RSA 651:20 (Supp. 1990) (amended 1992,1994). The State concedes, without commenting on whether the trial court had authority to do so, that the trial court attempted to waive this statutory time limit in its October 22, 2002 order, by allowing the defendant to petition the court again upon completion of the Summit House program, which would have allowed the defendant to bring another petition for sentence modification sooner than statutorily permitted.

However, the benefit became a burden — an additional requirement attached to the defendant’s sentence — when the trial court later relied upon it to deny the defendant’s motion to suspend his sentence. The court’s order of June 8, 2004 was the first time the court used the defendant’s failure to complete a treatment program to deny his request for a suspended sentence. The defendant urged the trial court to reconsider its motion, and properly raised for the trial court the issues before us today. Therefore we hold that the defendant has preserved these issues for appeal.

We now turn to the defendant’s arguments. The defendant first argues that the additional condition imposed by the court’s order violates due process and equal protection under both the State and Federal Constitutions. We first address these claims under the State Constitution, and cite federal opinions for guidance only. State v. Ball, 124 N.H. 226, 231-33 (1983).

[152]*152Due process requires a sentencing court to make clear at the time of sentencing in plain and certain terms what punishment it is exacting, as well as the extent to which the court retains discretion to impose punishment at a later date and under what conditions the sentence may be modified. The sentencing order must clearly communicate to the defendant the exact nature of the sentence. State v. Burgess, 141 N.H. 51, 52 (1996). Thus, unless the terms of a sentence at the time it is imposed specifically allow augmentation at a later date, the court may not increase a defendant’s penalty at a probation revocation hearing or a hearing on whether to impose a deferred or suspended sentence. Id.

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Bluebook (online)
872 A.2d 773, 152 N.H. 148, 2005 N.H. LEXIS 56, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-lecouffe-nh-2005.