State v. Kittredge

Supreme Court of New Jersey

State v. Kittredge

92 A. 275, 86 N.J.L. 495, 1 Gummere 495, 1914 N.J. Sup. Ct. LEXIS 17

DecidedNovember 7, 1914

StatusPublished

This text of 92 A. 275 (State v. Kittredge) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of New Jersey primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

State v. Kittredge, 92 A. 275, 86 N.J.L. 495, 1 Gummere 495, 1914 N.J. Sup. Ct. LEXIS 17 (N.J. 1914).

Pincite

Opinion

'Fiie opinion of the court was delivered bjr

Parker, J.

The plaintiff in error, indicted with four oiliers for conspiracy io make a false return of the result of a primary election, was convicted after a severance in the Hudson Quarter Sessions. The case is brought here on strict writ of error and bristles with exceptions and assignments of error, but only one point, in our estimation, is, necessary for a decision, and that is tlie point relating to the sufficiency of the indictment, which was raised by a motion to quash before the jury was sworn, and by a request to direct an acquittal at the conclusion of the evidence, and by a motion in arrest of judgment. The ease, therefore, is not within the statute, Section 44 of the Criminal Procedure act, and the line of cases [496]*496based thereon which hold that unless objection to the indictment is made by demurrer or motion to quash before the jury is sworn, it cannot be availed of in error. State v. Boyd, 86 N. J. L. 75. Nor is it necessary to consider the question several times suggested but never apparently decided, whether strict error can be assigned upon the refusal of a motion to quash alone, in view of the fact that the granting or refusal of such motion is discretionary with the court. Moschell v. State, 53 Id. 498, 500; Parks v. State, 62 Id. 664; State v. Hoffman, 71 Id. 285, 286; for section 44 was satisfied by the making of the motion to quash before the jury was sworn, and the point was again raised twice before the judgment of the court was pronounced.

Taking up> then, the objection to the indictment, it is, in substance, that inasmuch as the indictment failed to state that the political party whose primary was being held had polled at least five per cent, of the vote at the preceding general election, it did not appear that it ivas a political party recognized as such by the Election law, and that therefore that law was not shown to have been violated. This was the ground on which the indictment was held to be insufficient, in State v. Nugent, 77 N. J. L. 157, upon a motion to quash made in the Supreme Court after removal of the indictment to that court by certiorari. That decision is, of course, controlling on us unless it can be distinguished. An attempt is made to distinguish it on the ground that the Primary law then in force was different from the Primary law in force at the time of the alleged conspiracy in the case at bar, in that on the former occasion the primaries were held separately by each party and were unofficial in a sense, whereas, on the later occasion, an official primary was held for all parties that had qualified by casting five per cent, of the total vote at the previous election. In our view, it would seem that the later change emphasizes the importance of an allegation of facts showing that the primary was a primary of a legal political party. Be this as it may, the Supreme Court, in the very recent, but so far unreported, case of State' v. Hart, has held that an indictment, substantially similar to the present one, was insufficient, rely[497]*497ing solely on the authority of the NPugent case. These two decisions of this court we deem to be indistinguishable and controlling upon ns. The objection to the indictment was therefore well founded, was taken in due season and has properly been brought before us.

The judgment of conviction will therefore be reversed.

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'Fiie opinion of the court was delivered bjr

Parker, J.

The plaintiff in error, indicted with four oiliers for conspiracy io make a false return of the result of a primary election, was convicted after a severance in the Hudson Quarter Sessions. The case is brought here on strict writ of error and bristles with exceptions and assignments of error, but only one point, in our estimation, is, necessary for a decision, and that is tlie point relating to the sufficiency of the indictment, which was raised by a motion to quash before the jury was sworn, and by a request to direct an acquittal at the conclusion of the evidence, and by a motion in arrest of judgment. The ease, therefore, is not within the statute, Section 44 of the Criminal Procedure act, and the line of cases [496]*496based thereon which hold that unless objection to the indictment is made by demurrer or motion to quash before the jury is sworn, it cannot be availed of in error. State v. Boyd, 86 N. J. L. 75. Nor is it necessary to consider the question several times suggested but never apparently decided, whether strict error can be assigned upon the refusal of a motion to quash alone, in view of the fact that the granting or refusal of such motion is discretionary with the court. Moschell v. State, 53 Id. 498, 500; Parks v. State, 62 Id. 664; State v. Hoffman, 71 Id. 285, 286; for section 44 was satisfied by the making of the motion to quash before the jury was sworn, and the point was again raised twice before the judgment of the court was pronounced.

Taking up> then, the objection to the indictment, it is, in substance, that inasmuch as the indictment failed to state that the political party whose primary was being held had polled at least five per cent, of the vote at the preceding general election, it did not appear that it ivas a political party recognized as such by the Election law, and that therefore that law was not shown to have been violated. This was the ground on which the indictment was held to be insufficient, in State v. Nugent, 77 N. J. L. 157, upon a motion to quash made in the Supreme Court after removal of the indictment to that court by certiorari. That decision is, of course, controlling on us unless it can be distinguished. An attempt is made to distinguish it on the ground that the Primary law then in force was different from the Primary law in force at the time of the alleged conspiracy in the case at bar, in that on the former occasion the primaries were held separately by each party and were unofficial in a sense, whereas, on the later occasion, an official primary was held for all parties that had qualified by casting five per cent, of the total vote at the previous election. In our view, it would seem that the later change emphasizes the importance of an allegation of facts showing that the primary was a primary of a legal political party. Be this as it may, the Supreme Court, in the very recent, but so far unreported, case of State' v. Hart, has held that an indictment, substantially similar to the present one, was insufficient, rely[497]*497ing solely on the authority of the NPugent case. These two decisions of this court we deem to be indistinguishable and controlling upon ns. The objection to the indictment was therefore well founded, was taken in due season and has properly been brought before us.

The judgment of conviction will therefore be reversed.

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Bluebook (online)

92 A. 275, 86 N.J.L. 495, 1 Gummere 495, 1914 N.J. Sup. Ct. LEXIS 17, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-kittredge-nj-1914.