State v. Jones

441 N.W.2d 605, 232 Neb. 576, 1989 Neb. LEXIS 283
Nebraska Supreme Court·Decided June 16, 1989·No. 88-784·Published·Cited by 7 cases

Opinion

Hastings, C.J.

Defendant has appealed from sentences of 12 to 25 years and 5 to 10 years imposed following convictions by a jury of a September 10, 1987, first degree sexual assault and robbery involving the same victim. After those convictions, defendant, as the result of a plea bargain, also entered pleas of nolo contendere, and defendant was convicted of attempted robbery, robbery, and first degree sexual assault which involved different victims and dates from those listed above. At the same sentencing proceedings, in addition to the first mentioned sentences, he was sentenced to terms of imprisonment of 1 year, 5 to 10 years, and 10 to 20 years, all five sentences to run consecutively to each other and to be served “in the Lincoln Regional Center and/or the Nebraska Penal and Correctional Complex” because defendant was found to be a treatable mentally disordered sex offender. He has appealed the convictions resulting from the jury trial and the five sentences, assigning as errors that the trial court failed to grant his motion for mistrial and imposed excessive sentences. We affirm.

The facts of the case involving the September 10 sexual assault and robbery are uncontested. The victim testified that at approximately 8:55 that evening, a person whom she identified as the defendant knocked on the door of her house and asked to be admitted so that he could call a cab. She said she would make the call for him. After the victim returned to the door to tell the defendant where the cab would pick him up, the defendant grabbed her arm and forced his way into the house.

Once inside the house, the defendant tackled the victim; he told her to shut up or he would stick her. He ripped off her robe and probed her vagina with his finger, sucked on her left breast and then her right breast, and penetrated her vagina with his tongue. He then heard a car approach and went to look out the window of the door because the victim had been telling him that her husband would be coming home. The defendant then stood over the victim; as she attempted to get up, he told her not to move or he would stick her. As he was standing over her, he saw *578 her purse on the dining room table. He opened it and removed money from it.

The defendant then went back to the victim and put his penis in the vagina of the victim, then in her mouth, and then forced her onto her hands and knees and rubbed his penis against her anus.

The claimed error regarding the motion for a mistrial occurred during examination by the prosecution of a forensic serologist, Dr. Reena Roy, concerning the comparison of pubic hairs of the victim with those obtained from the defendant. The testimony was as follows:

Q. Did you find any hairs in the evidence that was submitted to you?
A. Yes.
Q. Did you conduct an examination of those hairs in comparison tests?
A. Yes.
Q. Did the material that was submitted to you contain known samples of head and pubic hair from the defendant, Lawrence Jones?
A. Mr. Jones’s pubic and head hair standards were submitted under a different case, which was ...

At this point the defendant’s counsel objected and moved for a mistrial, which motion was overruled by the trial court. However, the court immediately admonished the jury, stating, “The — The motion is denied. The jury will disregard any comments in the last response by Dr. Roy.” Following a repeat of the same question, the witness answered, “Yes.”

The decision to grant a motion for mistrial is within the discretion of the trial court and will be upheld on appeal absent a showing of abuse of discretion. State v. Sardeson, 231 Neb. 586, 437 N.W.2d 473 (1989); State v. Byrd, 231 Neb. 231, 435 N.W.2d 898 (1989); State v. Jackson, 231 Neb. 207, 435 N.W.2d 893 (1989). As noted recently in State v. Pierce, 231 Neb. 966, 977, 439 N.W.2d 435, 443 (1989), quoting State v. Archbold, 217 Neb. 345, 350 N.W.2d 500 (1984):

“A mistrial may be warranted where unfairness has been injected into a jury trial and so permeates the proceedings that no amount of admonition to the jury can remove the *579 unfairness to a party.... Therefore, a mistrial may be the only recourse on those occasions when admonition to the jury cannot eradicate the unfair prejudice to a party, or, as expressed in Dunn v. United States, 307 F.2d 883, 886 (5th Cir. 1962), ‘Otherwise stated, one “cannot unring a bell”; “after the thrust of the saber it is difficult to say forget the wound”; and finally, “if you throw a skunk into the jury box, you can’t instruct the jury not to smell it”.’ ”

See, also, State v. Jackson, supra; State v. Fraser, 230 Neb. 157, 430 N.W.2d 512 (1988); State v. Borchardt, 224 Neb. 47, 395 N.W.2d 551 (1986).

As stated by this court in State v. Archbold, supra at 351, 350 N. W.2d at 504:

A mistrial results in nullification of a pending jury trial. In order to prevent defeat of justice or to further justice during a jury trial, a mistrial is generally granted at the occurrence of a fundamental failure preventing a fair trial in the adversarial process. Some examples are an egregiously prejudicial statement by counsel, the improper admission of prejudicial evidence, or the introduction of incompetent matters to the jury, to the extent that any damaging effect cannot be removed by proper admonition or instruction to the jury.

Ordinarily, however, when an objection to or motion to strike improper evidence is sustained and the jury is instructed to disregard it, such instruction is deemed sufficient to prevent prejudice. See, State v. Jackson, supra; State v. DeGroot, 230 Neb. 101, 430 N.W.2d 290 (1988); State v. Borchardt, supra; State v. Ross, 220 Neb. 843, 374 N.W.2d 228 (1985); State v. Archbold, supra; State v. O’Kelly, 193 Neb. 390, 227 N.W.2d 415 (1975); State v. Dittrich, 191 Neb. 475, 215 N.W.2d 637 (1974).

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State v. Jones, 441 N.W.2d 605, 232 Neb. 576, 1989 Neb. LEXIS 283 (Neb. 1989).

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