State v. Jones

607 So. 2d 828, 1992 WL 298142
Louisiana Court of Appeal·Decided October 16, 1992·No. KA 91 1468·Published·Cited by 29 cases

Opinion

607 So.2d 828 (1992)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Ralph D. JONES.

No. KA 91 1468.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, First Circuit.

October 16, 1992.
Writ Denied February 5, 1993.

*829 William R. Campbell, Jr., New Orleans, for State of La.

David J. Knight, Asst. Dist. Atty., Covington, for appellee.

James H. Looney, Office of Indigent Defender, Covington, for appellant.

Before CARTER, LANIER and LeBLANC, JJ.

LANIER, Judge.

Ralph D. Jones was charged by grand jury indictment with first degree murder, a violation of La.R.S. 14:30. He entered a plea of not guilty. After his trial, the jury found him guilty as charged. The trial court sentenced the defendant to life imprisonment at hard labor without benefit of parole, probation, or suspension of sentence. This appeal followed.

FACTS

On January 22, 1989, the body of Marshall E. Bracey was discovered in the bed of his pickup truck. The truck was parked beside the Night Owl Lounge in Slidell, Louisiana. The victim had two gunshot wounds to his head and ten stab wounds on his neck.

Detective David Hathorne of the St. Tammany Parish Sheriff's Office testified *830 that on March 22, 1990, he received information from a prisoner in Mississippi that caused him to question the defendant about the murder. The defendant was advised of his Miranda rights. A videotaped statement was taken in which the defendant confessed to being a participant in the murder of Bracey. The defendant stated that he, Dale Roy Creel, the victim's step-son, and Laura Mae Bracey, the victim's wife, planned to kill Bracey. The defendant said that Mrs. Bracey would pay Creel $4,000.00 for killing her husband. This money would come from life insurance and company benefits payable upon the victim's death. Creel offered to pay the defendant $2,000.00 for his help.

The defendant said that on January 20, 1989, Creel shot and stabbed the victim while the defendant waited to pick up Creel in Mrs. Bracey's car. He stated that when he saw Creel, the victim lay in the back of the pickup truck and appeared dead. He added that Creel shot the victim in the head again because he was unsure that Bracey was dead. Then he and Creel left the body in the bed of the pickup truck parked at the lounge.

DENIAL OF MISTRIAL

(Assignment of error number 1)

Defendant claims that the trial court erred by denying his motion for a mistrial. He asserts (1) no notice was given of the inculpatory oral statement that referred to another crime, (2) Police Officer David Hall's statement referring to the possibility of another murder required a mistrial, and (3) the State violated the discovery rules by failing to disclose this statement to the defendant.

In its case-in-chief the State asked Officer Hall to identify the first of many photographs. Officer Hall chose to describe first a photograph labeled number seven of State Exhibit 17. When identifying this picture, he stated the following:

Photograph No. 7 is a photograph of the Sunrise Sunset. It's a convenience store and gas station located right outside of Bogalusa off of LA 21. Mr. Jones had told us after the statements were taken, it was something that he had forgotten, that Dale Roy and Mr. Bracey had stopped there on the way to Slidell from Bogalusa before Mr. Bracey was murdered to pick up some beer. Dale Roy had told Mr. Jones that they may have to kill the man if they [sic] saw them in the store, because the man saw them together at a time after they had already told us [the police] that he hadn't been with the man. At that time he was at Phillip's Lounge.

The defense immediately objected and moved for a mistrial. The prosecutor admitted that he did not give notice of the statement to the defendant. The prosecutor maintained that he did not intend to introduce the statement at trial and was under no duty to reveal it. He further stated that he "had no idea" that Officer Hall was going to give the statement.

Notice

The notice provisions of La.C.Cr.P. art. 716(C) require that upon motion, the district attorney must provide notice of the substance of any of the defendant's oral statements to law enforcement officers that the state intends to use at trial. The defense contends that the submission of the picture and asking the witness to describe a photograph of a place that appears to have no relevance to the case other than the questioned statement, suggests that the prosecutor got the answer he wanted, and this prejudiced the defendant. However, the trial judge apparently was satisfied that the State did not deliberately seek to obtain this testimony, and, thus, was not responsible for it.

Although the defendant contends that the statement was inadmissible because no notice was given, the notice provisions of La.C.Cr.P. art. 716 apply only when the State intends to introduce the defendant's statements at trial. The prosecutor testified that he was unaware that the police officer would give this answer. The trial court ruled that the State's explanation was credible. Accordingly, the State was not required to provide notice of *831 the statement or its contents. State v. Johnson, 553 So.2d 865 (La.App. 1st Cir. 1989), writ denied, 558 So.2d 600 (La.1990).

Other Crimes Evidence

The statement by Officer Hall referred to a possible plan by the defendant and Creel to kill a man who saw Creel with the victim shortly before the murder. The court weighed the prejudicial effect of this information and considered whether a mistrial was mandated.

La.C.Cr.P. art. 770 provides, in pertinent part:

Upon motion of a defendant, a mistrial shall be ordered when a remark or comment, made within the hearing of the jury by the judge, district attorney, or a court official, during the trial or in argument, refers directly or indirectly to:
* * * * * *
(2) Another crime committed or alleged to have been committed by the defendant as to which evidence is not admissible;
* * * * * *
An admonition to the jury to disregard the remark or comment shall not be sufficient to prevent a mistrial. If the defendant, however, requests that only an admonition be given, the court shall admonish the jury to disregard the remark or comment but shall not declare a mistrial.

However, normally a police officer is not a court official within the meaning of La. C.Cr.P. art. 770. State v. Ellison, 572 So.2d 262 (La.App. 1st Cir.1990), writ denied, 575 So.2d 388 (La.1991). The applicable provision is La.C.Cr.P. art. 771 which, in pertinent part, states as follows:

In the following cases, upon the request of the defendant or the state, the court shall promptly admonish the jury to disregard a remark or comment made during the trial, or in argument within the hearing of the jury, when the remark is irrelevant or immaterial and of such a nature that it might create prejudice against the defendant, or the state, in the mind of the jury:
* * * * * *
(2) When the remark or comment is made by a witness or person other than the judge, district attorney, or a court official, regardless of whether the remark or comment is within the scope of Article 770.
In such cases, on motion of the defendant, the court may grant a mistrial if it is satisfied that an admonition is not sufficient to assure the defendant a fair trial.<

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