[Cite as State v. Howard-Ross, 2016-Ohio-1438.] STATE OF OHIO, MAHONING COUNTY
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
SEVENTH DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO ) CASE NO. 13 MA 0168 ) PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE ) ) VS. ) OPINION AND ) JUDGMENT ENTRY DERRICK HOWARD-ROSS ) aka DERRICK ROSS-HOWARD ) ) DEFENDANT-APPELLANT )
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDINGS: Appellant’s Application for Reopening Pursuant to App.R. 26(B)
JUDGMENT: Application Denied.
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee: Atty. Paul J. Gains Mahoning County Prosecutor Atty. Ralph M. Rivera Assistant Prosecuting Attorney 21 West Boardman Street, 6th Floor Youngstown, Ohio 44503
For Defendant-Appellant: Derrick Howard-Ross, Pro se Inmate No. 650-049 Marion Correctional Institution P.O. Box 57 Marion, Ohio 43301
JUDGES:
Hon. Cheryl L. Waite Hon. Gene Donofrio Hon. Mary DeGenaro Dated: March 30, 2016 [Cite as State v. Howard-Ross, 2016-Ohio-1438.] PER CURIAM.
{¶1} Appellant Derrick Howard-Ross has filed an application to reopen his
appeal. He raises a sole assignment of error arguing that his appellate counsel was
ineffective for failing to argue that his improper discharge of a firearm into a habitation
and felonious assault convictions are allied offenses that should have merged for
sentencing purposes. As the offenses were constituted against multiple victims, the
offenses are not allied in accordance with State v. Ruff, 143 Ohio St.3d 114, 2015-
Ohio-995, 34 N.E.3d 892. Accordingly, Appellant’s application for reopening is
denied.
Factual and Procedural History
{¶2} Appellant had previously been in a relationship with the female victim in
this case. Sometime after the relationship ended, Appellant went to the female
victim’s house and saw her watching television with the male victim and her two-year-
old daughter. Appellant believed that the female victim was dating the male victim.
{¶3} Appellant knocked on the window with his gun before firing several
shots into the house, striking the male victim with one or two bullets. Appellant then
fled the scene. Shortly thereafter, he was arrested.
{¶4} At trial, Appellant admitted that he fired shots into the house, but
claimed that he did so in self-defense after the male victim shot at him. He was
convicted of: one count of discharging a firearm into a habitation, in violation of R.C.
2923.161(A)(1)(c); felonious assault, in violation of R.C. 2903.11(A)(2)(D); and two
firearm specifications, in violation of R.C. 2941.145(A). -2-
{¶5} He was sentenced to eight years of incarceration on the improper
discharge count, eight years on the felonious assault count, and three years per
firearm specification. The firearm specifications merged for sentencing purposes.
The improper discharge and felonious assault counts did not merge. Each sentence
was ordered to run consecutively. He was sentenced to an aggregate term of
nineteen years of incarceration.
{¶6} Appellant filed a timely appeal. His appellate counsel raised four
assignments of error alleging the following errors: (1) the trial court denied Appellant
his constitutional right to participate in his defense; (2) the trial court erroneously
denied his motion for a mistrial after a witness blurted out testimony regarding prior
bad acts; (3) the trial court improperly imposed time restraints regarding the
presentation of his defense; and (4) the trial court improperly based his sentence on
his trial behavior. We affirmed the Appellant’s conviction and sentence in State v.
Howard-Ross, 7th Dist. No. 13 MA 168, 2015-Ohio-4810.
{¶7} On February 4, 2016, Appellant filed a timely application to reopen his
appeal pursuant to App.R. 26(B). He has attached an affidavit to his application
where he states his belief that his appellate counsel failed to provide him with
effective assistance.
Reopening
{¶8} Pursuant to App.R. 26(B)(1), a criminal defendant “may apply for
reopening of the appeal from the judgment of conviction and sentence, based on a
claim of ineffective assistance of appellate counsel.” An applicant must demonstrate -3-
that “there is a genuine issue as to whether the applicant was deprived of the
effective assistance of counsel on appeal.” App.R. 26(B)(5). If the application is
granted, the appellate court must appoint counsel to represent the applicant if the
applicant is indigent and unrepresented. App.R. 26(B)(6)(a).
{¶9} In order to show ineffective assistance of appellate counsel, the
applicant must meet the two-prong test outlined in Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S.
668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984). Pursuant to Strickland, the applicant
must demonstrate deficient performance of counsel and resulting prejudice. Id. at
687. See also App.R. 26(B)(9).
{¶10} An application for reopening must contain: “One or more assignments
of error or arguments in support of assignments of error that previously were not
considered on the merits in the case by any appellate court or that were considered
on an incomplete record because of appellate counsel’s deficient representation.”
App.R. 26(B)(2)(c). See also State v. Clark, 7th Dist. No. 08 MA 15, 2015-Ohio-
2584, ¶19. Here, Appellant presents a single assignment of error arguing that his
appellate counsel was deficient for failing to argue that his improper discharge and
felonious assault offenses are allied and should have merged for sentencing
purposes.
Assignment of Error
THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY CONVICTING AND SENTENCING
HOWARD-ROSS TO CONSECUTIVE SENTENCES ON ALLIED
OFFENSES OF SIMILAR IMPORT. -4-
{¶11} Appellant contends that he fired several shots through a window into a
house which formed the basis for both his improper discharge and felonious assault
convictions. Appellant explains that, pursuant to State v. Johnson, 128 Ohio St.3d
153, 2010-Ohio-6314, 942 N.E.2d 1061, convictions for multiple offenses merge for
sentencing purposes when it is possible to commit both offenses with the same
conduct and the offenses were part of the same conduct. Appellant argues that both
convictions were supported by the same conduct, thus the first Johnson prong is met.
In regard to the second prong, Appellant argues that the offenses were committed
with the same intent, to injure or kill the male victim, thus he acted with a single
animus. As both Johnson prongs are met, Appellant argues that his offenses are
allied and should have merged.
{¶12} Pursuant to State v. Ruff, 143 Ohio St.3d 114, 2015-Ohio-995, 34
N.E.3d 392, the state contends that when a defendant’s conduct constitutes offenses
against separate victims, the offenses are of dissimilar import and are not allied. The
state argues that this incident involved three victims: the male victim, the female
victim, and the female victim’s daughter. As offenses involving multiple victims are
not allied offenses, the state contends that the trial court properly determined that the
improper discharge and felonious assault convictions do not merge, here.
{¶13} In support of his arguments, Appellant cites to the trial court’s
statement: “You can't commit that crime without committing the other crime, and you
can't commit that other crime without committing this crime. I don't know how those
things could possibly merge.” (10/1/13 Sentencing Hrg. Tr., p, 17.) While the trial -5-
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[Cite as State v. Howard-Ross, 2016-Ohio-1438.] STATE OF OHIO, MAHONING COUNTY
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
SEVENTH DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO ) CASE NO. 13 MA 0168 ) PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE ) ) VS. ) OPINION AND ) JUDGMENT ENTRY DERRICK HOWARD-ROSS ) aka DERRICK ROSS-HOWARD ) ) DEFENDANT-APPELLANT )
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDINGS: Appellant’s Application for Reopening Pursuant to App.R. 26(B)
JUDGMENT: Application Denied.
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee: Atty. Paul J. Gains Mahoning County Prosecutor Atty. Ralph M. Rivera Assistant Prosecuting Attorney 21 West Boardman Street, 6th Floor Youngstown, Ohio 44503
For Defendant-Appellant: Derrick Howard-Ross, Pro se Inmate No. 650-049 Marion Correctional Institution P.O. Box 57 Marion, Ohio 43301
JUDGES:
Hon. Cheryl L. Waite Hon. Gene Donofrio Hon. Mary DeGenaro Dated: March 30, 2016 [Cite as State v. Howard-Ross, 2016-Ohio-1438.] PER CURIAM.
{¶1} Appellant Derrick Howard-Ross has filed an application to reopen his
appeal. He raises a sole assignment of error arguing that his appellate counsel was
ineffective for failing to argue that his improper discharge of a firearm into a habitation
and felonious assault convictions are allied offenses that should have merged for
sentencing purposes. As the offenses were constituted against multiple victims, the
offenses are not allied in accordance with State v. Ruff, 143 Ohio St.3d 114, 2015-
Ohio-995, 34 N.E.3d 892. Accordingly, Appellant’s application for reopening is
denied.
Factual and Procedural History
{¶2} Appellant had previously been in a relationship with the female victim in
this case. Sometime after the relationship ended, Appellant went to the female
victim’s house and saw her watching television with the male victim and her two-year-
old daughter. Appellant believed that the female victim was dating the male victim.
{¶3} Appellant knocked on the window with his gun before firing several
shots into the house, striking the male victim with one or two bullets. Appellant then
fled the scene. Shortly thereafter, he was arrested.
{¶4} At trial, Appellant admitted that he fired shots into the house, but
claimed that he did so in self-defense after the male victim shot at him. He was
convicted of: one count of discharging a firearm into a habitation, in violation of R.C.
2923.161(A)(1)(c); felonious assault, in violation of R.C. 2903.11(A)(2)(D); and two
firearm specifications, in violation of R.C. 2941.145(A). -2-
{¶5} He was sentenced to eight years of incarceration on the improper
discharge count, eight years on the felonious assault count, and three years per
firearm specification. The firearm specifications merged for sentencing purposes.
The improper discharge and felonious assault counts did not merge. Each sentence
was ordered to run consecutively. He was sentenced to an aggregate term of
nineteen years of incarceration.
{¶6} Appellant filed a timely appeal. His appellate counsel raised four
assignments of error alleging the following errors: (1) the trial court denied Appellant
his constitutional right to participate in his defense; (2) the trial court erroneously
denied his motion for a mistrial after a witness blurted out testimony regarding prior
bad acts; (3) the trial court improperly imposed time restraints regarding the
presentation of his defense; and (4) the trial court improperly based his sentence on
his trial behavior. We affirmed the Appellant’s conviction and sentence in State v.
Howard-Ross, 7th Dist. No. 13 MA 168, 2015-Ohio-4810.
{¶7} On February 4, 2016, Appellant filed a timely application to reopen his
appeal pursuant to App.R. 26(B). He has attached an affidavit to his application
where he states his belief that his appellate counsel failed to provide him with
effective assistance.
Reopening
{¶8} Pursuant to App.R. 26(B)(1), a criminal defendant “may apply for
reopening of the appeal from the judgment of conviction and sentence, based on a
claim of ineffective assistance of appellate counsel.” An applicant must demonstrate -3-
that “there is a genuine issue as to whether the applicant was deprived of the
effective assistance of counsel on appeal.” App.R. 26(B)(5). If the application is
granted, the appellate court must appoint counsel to represent the applicant if the
applicant is indigent and unrepresented. App.R. 26(B)(6)(a).
{¶9} In order to show ineffective assistance of appellate counsel, the
applicant must meet the two-prong test outlined in Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S.
668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984). Pursuant to Strickland, the applicant
must demonstrate deficient performance of counsel and resulting prejudice. Id. at
687. See also App.R. 26(B)(9).
{¶10} An application for reopening must contain: “One or more assignments
of error or arguments in support of assignments of error that previously were not
considered on the merits in the case by any appellate court or that were considered
on an incomplete record because of appellate counsel’s deficient representation.”
App.R. 26(B)(2)(c). See also State v. Clark, 7th Dist. No. 08 MA 15, 2015-Ohio-
2584, ¶19. Here, Appellant presents a single assignment of error arguing that his
appellate counsel was deficient for failing to argue that his improper discharge and
felonious assault offenses are allied and should have merged for sentencing
purposes.
Assignment of Error
THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY CONVICTING AND SENTENCING
HOWARD-ROSS TO CONSECUTIVE SENTENCES ON ALLIED
OFFENSES OF SIMILAR IMPORT. -4-
{¶11} Appellant contends that he fired several shots through a window into a
house which formed the basis for both his improper discharge and felonious assault
convictions. Appellant explains that, pursuant to State v. Johnson, 128 Ohio St.3d
153, 2010-Ohio-6314, 942 N.E.2d 1061, convictions for multiple offenses merge for
sentencing purposes when it is possible to commit both offenses with the same
conduct and the offenses were part of the same conduct. Appellant argues that both
convictions were supported by the same conduct, thus the first Johnson prong is met.
In regard to the second prong, Appellant argues that the offenses were committed
with the same intent, to injure or kill the male victim, thus he acted with a single
animus. As both Johnson prongs are met, Appellant argues that his offenses are
allied and should have merged.
{¶12} Pursuant to State v. Ruff, 143 Ohio St.3d 114, 2015-Ohio-995, 34
N.E.3d 392, the state contends that when a defendant’s conduct constitutes offenses
against separate victims, the offenses are of dissimilar import and are not allied. The
state argues that this incident involved three victims: the male victim, the female
victim, and the female victim’s daughter. As offenses involving multiple victims are
not allied offenses, the state contends that the trial court properly determined that the
improper discharge and felonious assault convictions do not merge, here.
{¶13} In support of his arguments, Appellant cites to the trial court’s
statement: “You can't commit that crime without committing the other crime, and you
can't commit that other crime without committing this crime. I don't know how those
things could possibly merge.” (10/1/13 Sentencing Hrg. Tr., p, 17.) While the trial -5-
court’s statement is not as clear as it might be, it is apparent that the court is stating
its belief that the crimes do not merge. The trial court does clearly explain in its
sentencing entry that Appellant’s act of felonious assault had one victim, the male
victim, while the improper discharge offense had separate victims, the female victim
and her daughter. Accordingly, the court determined that each offense had a
separate animus and were not allied offenses.
{¶14} Appellant relies on Johnson; however, the Ohio Supreme Court
modified Johnson in State v. Ruff, supra. In Ruff, the Court announced a new test
which asks three questions: (1) whether the offenses are dissimilar in import or
significance, i.e. each offense caused a separate and identifiable harm; (2) whether
the offenses were separately committed; and, (3) whether the offenses were
committed with separate animus or motivation. Id. at ¶25. If the answer to any of
these questions is in the affirmative, then the offenses do not merge. Id.
{¶15} Relevant to the issue at hand, Ruff also held that “[w]hen a defendant's
conduct victimizes more than one person, the harm for each person is separate and
distinct, and therefore, the defendant can be convicted of multiple counts.” Id. at ¶26.
As the state argues, this case presented three victims. The trial court specifically
determined that there was one, male, victim of the felonious assault offense and
there were two victims of the improper discharge offense, the woman and her
daughter. As Appellant’s conduct impacted multiple victims, the harm for each victim
is separate and distinct. -6-
{¶16} Appellant relies on two cases: State v. Hodges, 1st Dist. No. C-
110630, 2013-Ohio-1195 and State v. Walton, 5th Dist. No. 2011 CA 00214, 2012-
Ohio-2597. Appellant argues that the Hodges Court determined that multiple
gunshots that are fired in quick succession constitute the same conduct. As to
Walton, Appellant contends that the Fifth District determined that shots fired into an
occupied apartment which caused the death of a young victim constituted both
improper discharge and felony murder.
{¶17} Both of these cases are pre-Ruff. As such, neither acknowledges that
offenses involving multiple victims result in a separate animus. Consequently, they
are inapplicable, here. Appellant further argues that the indictment accuses him of
victimizing the male victim and fails to mention the other victims. Contrary to
Appellant’s arguments, the improper discharge count does not specify the victims.
Pursuant to the applicable law it is apparent that Appellant’s offenses are not allied.
The trial court properly sentenced him for each offense.
{¶18} As previously stated, in order to show ineffective assistance of
appellate counsel, Appellant must demonstrate deficient performance of counsel and
resulting prejudice. Because the trial court correctly found separate animus,
appellate counsel’s performance is clearly not deficient for failing to raise a specious
assignment of error as to allied offenses. Appellant has not satisfied the first
Strickland prong, thus has not raised a genuine issue as to whether he was deprived
of the effective assistance of counsel on appeal. Accordingly, Appellant’s application
for reopening is denied. -7-
Waite, J., concurs.
Donofrio, P.J., concurs.
DeGenaro, J., concurs.