State v. Honore

564 So. 2d 345, 1990 WL 68996
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedMay 16, 1990
Docket90-KA-22
StatusPublished
Cited by37 cases

This text of 564 So. 2d 345 (State v. Honore) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Honore, 564 So. 2d 345, 1990 WL 68996 (La. Ct. App. 1990).

Opinion

564 So.2d 345 (1990)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Jennell HONORE.

No. 90-KA-22.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fifth Circuit.

May 16, 1990.
Rehearing Denied August 17, 1990.

*346 John M. Mamoulides, Dist. Atty., John Molaison, Dorothy A. Pendergast, Asst. Dist. Attys. (Louise Korns, of counsel), Office of the Dist. Atty., Gretna, for plaintiff-appellee.

Ronald J. Rakosky, A P.L.C., New Orleans, for defendant-appellant.

Before KLIEBERT, WICKER and GOTHARD, JJ.

KLIEBERT, Judge.

On the morning of June 24, 1988, Detective Ronald Coupel of the Kenner Police Department, while dressed in civilian clothes, conducted an investigation of alleged pornographic magazines for sale at the Airline Book Store in Kenner. He entered *347 the store, selected five magazines,[1] and handed them to the defendant, Mrs. Honore, who took his money and rang up the sale on the register. On returning to his office, Detective Coupel reviewed the magazines with other police personnel. Together they concluded the magazines depicted obscene sexual acts.

Subsequently, the defendant Honore was arrested and charged by bill of information with "violation of R.S. 14:106[2] in that she did exhibit and/or sell magazines containing hard core sexual conduct, to-wit: magazines." The defendant filed a motion to quash the bill of information based upon alleged selective prosecution by law enforcement officers. Following an evidentiary hearing on the motion to quash based on the alleged selective prosecution, the court denied it. There is no indication in the record that the trial judge ruled on the motion to quash based on the unconstitutionality of LSA-R.S. 14:106. Nevertheless, a trial was held and the defendant convicted of the crime as charged. The judge sentenced the defendant to one year in parish prison, fined her $1,000.00, and obligated her to pay certain court costs. The prison term was suspended and the defendant placed on one year active probation.

Thereafter, the defendant filed a motion for a new trial where the same defenses of selective prosecution and the unconstitutionality of LSA-R.S. 14:106 were again urged. The trial judge denied the motion for a new trial. Additionally, a motion for post verdict judgment of acquittal based on the insufficiency of the evidence was filed and denied by the court. The defendant brought this appeal.[3] We affirm the trial court.

*348 On appeal the defendant argues the trial court erred in denying (1) the motion to quash based on selective prosecution, (2) the motions to quash based on the unconstitutionality of LSA-R.S. 14:106, (3) the motion for post verdict judgment of acquittal based on inadequacy of the evidence, (4) the motion for a new trial, and (5) in refusing to give requested special charges to the jury.

As did the defendant in brief, we consider assignments of error (1) and (4) above enumerated together.

SELECTIVE PROSECUTION

In U.S. v. Jennings, 724 F.2d 436 (5th Fed.Cir.1984) cert. denied, Jennings v. U.S., 467 U.S. 1227, 104 S.Ct. 2682, 81 L.Ed.2d 877 (1984), the Court set forth the burden of proof on the defendant when the defense of selective prosecution is urged, to-wit:

"In order to prevail in a defense of selective prosecution, a defendant must meet two requirements which we have characterized as a `heavy burden.' United States v. Johnson, 577 F.2d 1304, 1308 (5th Cir.1978) (quoting United States v. Berrios, 501 F.2d 1207, 1211 (2d Cir.1974). First, he must make a prima facie showing that he has been singled out for prosecution although others similarly situated who have committed the same acts have not been prosecuted. United States v. Tibbetts, 646 F.2d 193, 195 (5th Cir.1981). Second, having made the first showing, he must then demonstrate that the government's selective prosecution of him has been constitutionally invidious. Id. The showing of invidiousness is made if a defendant demonstrates that the government's selective prosecution is actuated by constitutionally impermissible motives on its part, such as racial or religious discrimination. United States v. Lichenstein, 610 F.2d 1272, 1281 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 907, 100 S.Ct. 2991, 64 L.Ed.2d 856 (1980)."

Further, the Louisiana Supreme Court in State ex rel. Guste v. K-Mart Corp., 462 So.2d 616, 620 (La.1985), as to selective prosecution said:

"A concept imbedded in our system of law enforcement is prosecutorial discretion. Prosecuting agencies have broad powers in deciding whether to institute a prosecution in a given case. However, as with any governmental power delegated to an agency or official, this discretion must not be used arbitrarily, capriciously, or maliciously, but rather must be used to further the ends of justice.
In the words of the United States Supreme Court, `the conscious exercise of some selectivity in enforcement is not in itself a federal constitutional violation.' In order to find such a violation, it must be shown that `the selection was deliberately based upon an unjustifiable standard such as race, religion, or other arbitrary classification.' Oyler v. Boles, 368 U.S. 448, 456, 82 S.Ct. 501, 506, 7 L.Ed.2d 446 (1962). See also United States v. Batchelder, 442 U.S. 114, 99 S.Ct. 2198, 60 L.Ed.2d 755 (1979); Bordenkircher v. Hayes, 434 U.S. 357, 98 S.Ct. 663, 54 L.Ed.2d 604 (1978)."

In the present case there was no showing of arbitrary, capricious, or malicious prosecution. Further, there is absolutely no evidence that any alleged selective prosecution was based on an unjustifiable standard such as race, religion, or other arbitrary classification. The evidence submitted to the trial court showed Jefferson Parish authorities made a policy decision which treated video stores differently from book stores. However, the packaging of adult videos do not show "ultimate sexual acts" as do the covers of the magazines filed of record here. Therefore, considering an individual right of privacy (for example to view in the privacy of his home a sexually explicit video tape) and the *349 necessary proof of intent to obtain a conviction under LSA-R.S. 14:106(A)(3), the enforcing and prosecuting authorities have a valid basis for distinguishing magazines from video tapes in reaching policy decisions. Here the trial court did not err in denying the motion to quash or motion for new trial based on selective prosecution.

We next consider defendant's argument that LSA-R.S. 14:106 is unconstitutional in that it is vague, violates the equal protection clause, and violates an individual's right to privacy under the headings as indicated:

RIGHT TO PRIVACY

Defendant alleges that LSA-R.S. 14:106 unconstitutionally infringes on the right to privacy guaranteed by Article I, Section 5 of the Louisiana Constitution of 1974. More specifically, defendant argues that, as applied to the seller of magazines for private viewing, LSA-R.S. 14:106 functionally prevents the acquisition of presumptively obscene material for private use in one's home and constitutes an unconstitutional invasion of the right to privacy.

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Bluebook (online)
564 So. 2d 345, 1990 WL 68996, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-honore-lactapp-1990.