[Cite as State v. Holnapy, 2015-Ohio-4322.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
LAKE COUNTY, OHIO
STATE OF OHIO, : OPINION
Plaintiff-Appellee, : CASE NO. 2015-L-044 - vs - :
JON W. HOLNAPY, :
Defendant-Appellant. :
Criminal Appeal from the Lake County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 09 CR 000692.
Judgment: Affirmed.
Charles E. Coulson, Lake County Prosecutor, and Teri R. Daniel, Assistant Prosecutor, Lake County Administration Building, 105 Main Street, P.O. Box 490, Painesville, OH 44077 (For Plaintiff-Appellee).
Jon W. Holnapy, pro se, 1651 Mentor Avenue, #1508, Painesville, OH 44077 (Defendant-Appellant).
CYNTHIA WESTCOTT RICE, J.
{¶1} Appellant, Jon W. Holnapy, appeals the judgment of the Lake County
Court of Common Pleas denying his post-conviction motion to terminate his driver’s
license suspension following his conviction of operating a motor vehicle under the
influence of alcohol (“OVI”). At issue is whether the trial court erred in denying
appellant’s motion. For the reasons that follow, we affirm. {¶2} After appellant was found guilty of OVI with a specification of having
previously been convicted of five OVI offenses, on June 10, 2010, the trial court
sentenced him to two years for the OVI and three years on the specification, the terms
to be served consecutively to each other, for a total sentence of five years in prison.
The court also revoked appellant’s driver’s license for life.
{¶3} Appellant appealed his conviction and this court affirmed his conviction in
State v. Holnapy, 194 Ohio App.3d 444, 2011-Ohio-2995 (11th Dist.). Appellant
appealed his conviction twice to the Supreme Court of Ohio, but the Court denied both
of his appeals at 130 Ohio St.3d 1478, 2011-Ohio-6124 and 132 Ohio St.3d 1517,
2012-Ohio-4021.
{¶4} About two years after appellant filed his direct appeal, he filed a “delayed”
petition for post-conviction relief in the trial court. The trial court denied the petition.
Appellant appealed the trial court’s decision. In State v. Holnapy, 11th Dist. Lake No.
2013-L-002, 2013-Ohio-4307, this court affirmed the trial court’s judgment denying
appellant’s petition for post-conviction relief. Appellant then filed a motion for
reconsideration, which this court subsequently denied.
{¶5} On March 25, 2015, five years after his sentence, appellant filed a motion
to terminate his lifetime license suspension. The trial court denied the motion and
appellant now appeals the trial court’s ruling. He asserts two assignments of error.
Because they are related, they shall be considered together. They allege:
{¶6} “The trial court erred when it imposed a lifetime driver’s license
suspension in a first time felony OVI of the fourth degree.
2 {¶7} “The trial court erred to the prejudice of Holnapy in sentencing him to a
lifetime driver’s license suspension.”
{¶8} Based on the discussion that follows, appellant’s sentence is not void and,
thus, his present challenge to his license suspension is barred by the doctrine of res
judicata. In the context of criminal cases, “a convicted defendant is precluded under
the doctrine of res judicata from raising and litigating in any proceeding, except an
appeal from that judgment, any defense or any claimed lack of due process that was
raised or could have been raised by the defendant at the trial, which resulted in that
judgment of conviction, or on appeal from that judgment.” State v. Szefcyk, 77 Ohio
St.3d 93, 96 (1996). Because appellant’s sentence is not void, he could have
challenged, but failed to challenge, his license suspension in his direct appeal. As a
result, the present challenge to his suspension is barred by res judicata.
{¶9} Appellant argues the trial court erred in suspending his driver’s license for
life because such suspension is outside the range of penalties authorized by statute and
thus void. He argues that a lifetime license suspension is only available to those
convicted of offenses resulting in a class two license suspension and that such
suspension requires at least one prior felony OVI. He argues that because none of his
five prior OVI convictions was a felony, the court should only have imposed a class
three license suspension, which has a range of two to ten years.
{¶10} Appellant references several sections of the Revised Code in support of
his argument, but those sections do not apply to the facts of this case and are therefore
unavailing. For example, he cites R.C. 2903.06(B)(2)(viii), which provides:
“[a]ggravated vehicular homicide * * * is a felony of the first degree, and the court shall
3 sentence the offender to a mandatory prison term * * * if * * * [t]he offender previously
has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to a second or subsequent felony violation of
division (A) of section 4511.19 of the Revised Code [OVI].”
{¶11} With respect to the instant case, pursuant to R.C. 4511.19(G)(1)(d)(iv), a
person convicted of OVI with five or more prior OVI convictions within the last 20 years
is subject to a class two license suspension. Contrary to appellant’s argument, R.C.
4511.19(G)(1)(d)(iv) does not require any of the prior OVI convictions to be a felony.
Further, R.C. 4510.02(A)(2) provides that a class two license suspension carries with it
a definite range of license suspensions from three years to life. Both of these statutes
apply to appellant’s case because both became effective in 2004, several years before
appellant committed the instant offense. State v. Midcap, 9th Dist. Summit No. 22908,
2006-Ohio-2854, ¶5 (regarding penalty enhancement to R.C. 4511.19 based on five
prior OVI convictions); Legislative History to R.C. 4511.19; Legislative History to
4510.02.
{¶12} We therefore hold that appellant’s lifetime license suspension was
authorized by law and not void. As a result, the present challenge to his license
suspension is barred by res judicata, and the trial court did not err in denying appellant’s
motion to terminate his suspension.
{¶13} In any event, even if appellant’s present challenge was not barred by res
judicata, his appeal would still lack merit because the trial court did not abuse its
discretion in imposing a lifetime driver’s license suspension on him. This court noted in
State v. Moore, 11th Dist. Geauga No. 2014-G-3195, 2014-Ohio-5183, ¶5, that, post-
H.B. 86, the trial court retains discretion to select a sentence within the respective felony
4 range. Id. supra, at ¶7. Thus, the trial court’s decision in imposing a sentence within
the statutory range is reviewed for an abuse of discretion. Id.
{¶14} In imposing felony sentences, trial courts must also consider the purposes
and principles of felony sentencing in R.C. 2929.11 and the sentencing factors in R.C.
2929.12. State v. Fortune, 11th Dist. Geauga No. 2008-G- 2815, 2008-Ohio-3741, ¶14.
{¶15} Here, in the trial court’s judgment denying appellant’s motion to terminate
his license suspension, the court noted that in its prior sentencing entry, it said it
considered the purposes and principles of felony sentencing in R.C. 2929.11 and the
seriousness and recidivism factors in R.C. 2929.12. The court further stated in its
judgment denying appellant’s motion that after considering these matters, “the court
determined that a lifetime license suspension was appropriate.” The court stated that
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[Cite as State v. Holnapy, 2015-Ohio-4322.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
LAKE COUNTY, OHIO
STATE OF OHIO, : OPINION
Plaintiff-Appellee, : CASE NO. 2015-L-044 - vs - :
JON W. HOLNAPY, :
Defendant-Appellant. :
Criminal Appeal from the Lake County Court of Common Pleas, Case No. 09 CR 000692.
Judgment: Affirmed.
Charles E. Coulson, Lake County Prosecutor, and Teri R. Daniel, Assistant Prosecutor, Lake County Administration Building, 105 Main Street, P.O. Box 490, Painesville, OH 44077 (For Plaintiff-Appellee).
Jon W. Holnapy, pro se, 1651 Mentor Avenue, #1508, Painesville, OH 44077 (Defendant-Appellant).
CYNTHIA WESTCOTT RICE, J.
{¶1} Appellant, Jon W. Holnapy, appeals the judgment of the Lake County
Court of Common Pleas denying his post-conviction motion to terminate his driver’s
license suspension following his conviction of operating a motor vehicle under the
influence of alcohol (“OVI”). At issue is whether the trial court erred in denying
appellant’s motion. For the reasons that follow, we affirm. {¶2} After appellant was found guilty of OVI with a specification of having
previously been convicted of five OVI offenses, on June 10, 2010, the trial court
sentenced him to two years for the OVI and three years on the specification, the terms
to be served consecutively to each other, for a total sentence of five years in prison.
The court also revoked appellant’s driver’s license for life.
{¶3} Appellant appealed his conviction and this court affirmed his conviction in
State v. Holnapy, 194 Ohio App.3d 444, 2011-Ohio-2995 (11th Dist.). Appellant
appealed his conviction twice to the Supreme Court of Ohio, but the Court denied both
of his appeals at 130 Ohio St.3d 1478, 2011-Ohio-6124 and 132 Ohio St.3d 1517,
2012-Ohio-4021.
{¶4} About two years after appellant filed his direct appeal, he filed a “delayed”
petition for post-conviction relief in the trial court. The trial court denied the petition.
Appellant appealed the trial court’s decision. In State v. Holnapy, 11th Dist. Lake No.
2013-L-002, 2013-Ohio-4307, this court affirmed the trial court’s judgment denying
appellant’s petition for post-conviction relief. Appellant then filed a motion for
reconsideration, which this court subsequently denied.
{¶5} On March 25, 2015, five years after his sentence, appellant filed a motion
to terminate his lifetime license suspension. The trial court denied the motion and
appellant now appeals the trial court’s ruling. He asserts two assignments of error.
Because they are related, they shall be considered together. They allege:
{¶6} “The trial court erred when it imposed a lifetime driver’s license
suspension in a first time felony OVI of the fourth degree.
2 {¶7} “The trial court erred to the prejudice of Holnapy in sentencing him to a
lifetime driver’s license suspension.”
{¶8} Based on the discussion that follows, appellant’s sentence is not void and,
thus, his present challenge to his license suspension is barred by the doctrine of res
judicata. In the context of criminal cases, “a convicted defendant is precluded under
the doctrine of res judicata from raising and litigating in any proceeding, except an
appeal from that judgment, any defense or any claimed lack of due process that was
raised or could have been raised by the defendant at the trial, which resulted in that
judgment of conviction, or on appeal from that judgment.” State v. Szefcyk, 77 Ohio
St.3d 93, 96 (1996). Because appellant’s sentence is not void, he could have
challenged, but failed to challenge, his license suspension in his direct appeal. As a
result, the present challenge to his suspension is barred by res judicata.
{¶9} Appellant argues the trial court erred in suspending his driver’s license for
life because such suspension is outside the range of penalties authorized by statute and
thus void. He argues that a lifetime license suspension is only available to those
convicted of offenses resulting in a class two license suspension and that such
suspension requires at least one prior felony OVI. He argues that because none of his
five prior OVI convictions was a felony, the court should only have imposed a class
three license suspension, which has a range of two to ten years.
{¶10} Appellant references several sections of the Revised Code in support of
his argument, but those sections do not apply to the facts of this case and are therefore
unavailing. For example, he cites R.C. 2903.06(B)(2)(viii), which provides:
“[a]ggravated vehicular homicide * * * is a felony of the first degree, and the court shall
3 sentence the offender to a mandatory prison term * * * if * * * [t]he offender previously
has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to a second or subsequent felony violation of
division (A) of section 4511.19 of the Revised Code [OVI].”
{¶11} With respect to the instant case, pursuant to R.C. 4511.19(G)(1)(d)(iv), a
person convicted of OVI with five or more prior OVI convictions within the last 20 years
is subject to a class two license suspension. Contrary to appellant’s argument, R.C.
4511.19(G)(1)(d)(iv) does not require any of the prior OVI convictions to be a felony.
Further, R.C. 4510.02(A)(2) provides that a class two license suspension carries with it
a definite range of license suspensions from three years to life. Both of these statutes
apply to appellant’s case because both became effective in 2004, several years before
appellant committed the instant offense. State v. Midcap, 9th Dist. Summit No. 22908,
2006-Ohio-2854, ¶5 (regarding penalty enhancement to R.C. 4511.19 based on five
prior OVI convictions); Legislative History to R.C. 4511.19; Legislative History to
4510.02.
{¶12} We therefore hold that appellant’s lifetime license suspension was
authorized by law and not void. As a result, the present challenge to his license
suspension is barred by res judicata, and the trial court did not err in denying appellant’s
motion to terminate his suspension.
{¶13} In any event, even if appellant’s present challenge was not barred by res
judicata, his appeal would still lack merit because the trial court did not abuse its
discretion in imposing a lifetime driver’s license suspension on him. This court noted in
State v. Moore, 11th Dist. Geauga No. 2014-G-3195, 2014-Ohio-5183, ¶5, that, post-
H.B. 86, the trial court retains discretion to select a sentence within the respective felony
4 range. Id. supra, at ¶7. Thus, the trial court’s decision in imposing a sentence within
the statutory range is reviewed for an abuse of discretion. Id.
{¶14} In imposing felony sentences, trial courts must also consider the purposes
and principles of felony sentencing in R.C. 2929.11 and the sentencing factors in R.C.
2929.12. State v. Fortune, 11th Dist. Geauga No. 2008-G- 2815, 2008-Ohio-3741, ¶14.
{¶15} Here, in the trial court’s judgment denying appellant’s motion to terminate
his license suspension, the court noted that in its prior sentencing entry, it said it
considered the purposes and principles of felony sentencing in R.C. 2929.11 and the
seriousness and recidivism factors in R.C. 2929.12. The court further stated in its
judgment denying appellant’s motion that after considering these matters, “the court
determined that a lifetime license suspension was appropriate.” The court stated that
“[u]pon review, the court still finds this appropriate because of the defendant’s likelihood
of recidivism and the court’s need to protect the public from serious harm.”
{¶16} Because the trial court sentenced appellant within the statutory range of
license suspensions and considered the statutory purposes and factors of felony
sentencing in selecting the term of the suspension, the trial court did not abuse its
discretion in imposing a lifetime license suspension as part of appellant’s sentence.
{¶17} Appellant also argues that his lifetime driver’s license suspension is
inconsistent because other OVI offenders have been given lesser license suspensions.
However, “a consistent sentence is not derived from a case-by-case comparison; rather,
it is the trial court’s proper application of the statutory sentencing guidelines that
ensures consistency.” State v. Swiderski, 11th Dist. Lake No. 2004-L-112, 2005-Ohio-
5 6705, ¶58. Since the trial court considered the purposes and principles of felony
sentencing and the statutory sentencing factors, appellant’s sentence is consistent.
{¶18} For the reasons stated in the Opinion of this court, the assignments of
error are not well taken. It is the judgment and order of this court that the judgment of
the Lake County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed.
TIMOTHY P. CANNON, P.J.,
DIANE V. GRENDELL, J.,
concur.