State v. Harris

775 S.E.2d 31, 242 N.C. App. 162, 2015 N.C. App. LEXIS 582
CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedJuly 7, 2015
DocketNo. COA14–1281.
StatusPublished
Cited by9 cases

This text of 775 S.E.2d 31 (State v. Harris) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Harris, 775 S.E.2d 31, 242 N.C. App. 162, 2015 N.C. App. LEXIS 582 (N.C. Ct. App. 2015).

Opinion

BRYANT, Judge.

*162The assigning of an aggravated sentence to defendant, based upon proper notice and a jury finding that an aggravated factor was present in the instant case, does not violate defendant's right to due process. Where the provisions of N.C. Gen.Stat. § 15A-1340.16 concerning *163aggravating factors during sentencing are applicable to all defendants, there is no violation of a defendant's right to equal protection.

On 7 November 2011, defendant Calvin Lavander Harris was indicted on one count each of first-degree sexual offense and indecent liberties with a child. A superseding indictment for the same two offenses was issued against defendant on 21 April 2014. The charges came on for trial during the 19 May 2014 criminal session of Guilford County Superior Court, the Honorable Anderson Cromer, Judge presiding. During a pre-trial conference, the State elected to proceed only on the first-degree sexual offense charge against defendant. At trial, the State's evidence tended to show the following.

On 11 August 2011, defendant called 911 to report a burglary at his residence where he resided with his girlfriend and her two minor children, three-year-old Sarah and two-year-old James.1 Upon arriving at the residence, law enforcement officers were told by defendant that someone had broken into the residence and raped Sarah.

Sarah was taken to the hospital where an examination revealed signs of sexual assault. A search of defendant's residence produced no signs of a break-in; to the contrary, police noted undisturbed cobwebs on and around a sliding door through which defendant claimed the burglar had entered. Police found reddish-brown stains on Sarah's bedding and clothes, as well as on the living room sofa and on paper towels and toilet paper found in the kitchen and bathroom trash cans. DNA testing of these stains matched DNA samples collected from defendant and Sarah.

On 23 May, a jury convicted defendant of first-degree sexual offense with a child. The State then presented three aggravating factors to the jury for consideration: that the victim was very young; that defendant committed the offense while on pretrial release on another charge; and/or that defendant took advantage of a position of trust or confidence to commit the offense. In support of the second aggravating factor, the State introduced evidence that defendant had been arrested in February 2011 on a charge of assault with a deadly weapon with intent to kill; the charge was still pending at the time of the instant trial.

The jury found as an aggravating factor that defendant committed the offense while on pretrial release on another charge. The trial court sentenced defendant to an aggravated sentence of 288 to 355 months imprisonment. Defendant appeals.

____________________

*164On appeal, defendant raises two issues as to whether his constitutional rights to (I) due process and (II) equal protection were violated when he received an aggravated sentence for committing a crime while on pre-trial release.

I.

Defendant argues that his constitutional right to due process was violated when he received an aggravated sentence for committing a crime while on pre-trial release. We disagree.

"The standard of review for alleged violations of constitutional rights is de novo. " State v. Graham, 200 N.C.App. 204, 214, 683 S.E.2d 437, 444 (2009) (citation omitted). "Under a de novo review, the court considers the matter anew and freely substitutes its own judgment for that of the lower tribunal." State v. Williams, 362 N.C. 628, 632-33, 669 S.E.2d 290, 294 (2008) (citations and quotation omitted). "[T]he judicial duty of passing upon the constitutionality of an act of the General Assembly is one of great gravity and delicacy. This Court presumes that any act promulgated by the General Assembly is constitutional *34and resolves all doubt in favor of its constitutionality." State v. Fowler, 197 N.C.App. 1, 13, 676 S.E.2d 523, 536 (2009) (quoting Guilford Cnty. Bd. of Educ. v. Guilford Cnty. Bd. of Elections, 110 N.C.App. 506, 511, 430 S.E.2d 681, 684 (1993) ).

Defendant contends his constitutional right to due process was violated when the trial court submitted defendant's "pretrial release aggravating factor" because defendant "never received notice of the potential consequence of his pre-trial release." Defendant's argument lacks merit. A review of the record shows the State properly and timely notified defendant on 14 March 2014, more than six weeks before trial, of its intent to prove the existence of three aggravating factors against defendant: that the victim was very young, that defendant committed the offense while on pretrial release on another charge, and that defendant took advantage of a position of trust or confidence to commit the offense. See N.C. Gen.Stat. § 15A-1340.16(a6) (2014) ("The State must provide a defendant with written notice of its intent to prove the existence of one or more aggravating factors under subsection (d) of this section ... at least 30 days before trial.... The notice shall list all the aggravating factors the State seeks to establish."). Further, and as acknowledged by defendant, our Supreme Court has held that

*165[a]lthough a defendant on pretrial release in an unrelated felony case has not been convicted of the felony and is presumed to be innocent of its commission, he is in a special status with regard to the criminal law. He has not simply been accused of another crime, he has been formally arrested, appeared before a magistrate, and had the conditions of his release pending trial for this crime formally determined. Whether or not one in this position is in fact guilty, it is to be expected that he would, while the question of his guilt is pending, be particularly cautious to avoid commission of another criminal offense. If he is not and is convicted of another offense,

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

State v. Vebber
Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2025
State v. Nanes
Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2025
State v. Miller
Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2024
State v. Colt
Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2023
State v. Fritsche
Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 2022
Halikierra Cmty. Servs. LLC v. N.C. Dep't of Health & Hum. Servs.
2021 NCBC 18 (North Carolina Business Court, 2021)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
775 S.E.2d 31, 242 N.C. App. 162, 2015 N.C. App. LEXIS 582, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-harris-ncctapp-2015.